Bamakhemikhali Famous isiRashiya, baye babamba iqhaza elikhulu isayensi

bamakhemikhali Russian njalo wayevelele phakathi kwabanye, ngoba abaningi yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu elawo. Ngesikhatsi sesifundvo abafundi ukhulume chemistry yososayensi ovelele kakhulu emkhakheni. Kodwa ulwazi okwatholwa abantu bakithi kumele uzokhanya ikakhulukazi. Lokho bamakhemikhali Russian bakha etafuleni ebaluleke kakhulu isayensi, bacubungula obsidian amaminerali, baba abasunguli thermochemistry, baba nombhali amaphepha isayensi eziningi eziye zasiza ukuthuthela kwamanye ososayensi kulolu cwaningo yokuthakwa kwamakhemikhali.

Viktor Ivanov

Ivanov Viktor Petrovich - isazi sesayensi esidumile isiRashiya, kahle sifaneleka Usokhemisi waseRussia, kanye umfundi wesayensi lobuchwepheshe. Wazalelwa 1943, wathola iziqu University saseTomsk, futhi ngo-1988 waba neSekela likaNgqongqoshe Imboni yamakhemikhali zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa.

Ngonyaka ka-2009 waba uprofesa zokuhlonipha. Kukho konke ukuphila kwakhe, Ivanov Viktor Petrovich enikelwe amakhemikhali nokusebenzelana kwawo, wabe eseqala ukuba ahileleke petrochemicals. Victor Petrovich - umlobi imisebenzi eminingi, imisebenzi, izifundo kanye Tindzaba.

Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev

UDmitry Ivanovich Mendeleyev - usokhemisi odumile kakhulu futhi ovelele Russian. It is zonke okusezingeni eliphezulu umfundi esikoleni emhlabeni eyaziwa. Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi kwabathile uDmitry Ivanovich uye bathole okuningi emkhakheni wesayensi yokuthakwa kwamakhemikhali kanye umkhakha zamakhemikhali, uye akhonze njengephayona sesayensi yokwakheka komhlaba, mineralogist, oyisazi sezomnotho kanye physics.

UDmitry Ivanovich wazalwa ngo Tobolsk emndenini sathishela. Yena wayengomncane kunabo bonke, nesikhombisa, ingane emndenini. Ngokusho kwemibiko, izingane abashonile isakhasa. Ngonyaka ukuzalwa Dmitri Mendeleev, uyise walahlekelwa emehlweni akhe futhi kwadingeka bayeke njengoba umqondisi wesikole. Kulapho wonke umkhaya waya ukunakekelwa unina Dmitry. Ngokwesazi-mlando, umama wayesebenza Ngowesifazane Mendeleev asebenzayo kakhulu futhi ehlakaniphile. Yena kwakufanele isikhathi anakekele umkhaya wakhe, futhi uphathe ifektri ingilazi. Yiqiniso, imali wayehola imali encane kakhulu: ngokulambisa kukhona okuya ngasethunjini okwanele. A esiningi ngolimi lo mkhaya ikhokhwe Dmitry, ngoba sicabanga ke umntwana oluvelele. Kodwa kwathi indodana yakhe encane kunawo wonke waya esikoleni ezimbi kakhulu, ethanda kuphela izifundo mathematics ne-physics.

Dmitri Mendeleev waqala ukufunda kahle futhi abe nesithakazelo umsebenzi yesayensi kuphela Petersburg University. Ngemva kokuthweswa iziqu zakhe, Dmitry wasebenza njengomfundisi e Odessa, kodwa wabe esebuyela Petersburg futhi waqhubeka etadisha yokuthakwa kwamakhemikhali emzimbeni.

Lapho efika okokuqala edume kokutholakala Mendeleev ezenziwe eJalimane, Heidelberg. It is Ucwaningo wathola lokushisa esibucayi, okuthiwa futhi ngokuphelele ukubila lokushisa. Khona-ke uDmitry Ivanovich wasebenza emkhakheni physics, futhi kukhulu akufeza zokuhlolwa nocwaningo.

Kungazelelwe Dmitry wabuyela Petersburg, lapho eqala abathethise e-University ngendaba chemistry yemvelo. Ngokukhethekile akhokhe emkhakheni wesayensi yokuthakwa kwamakhemikhali organic. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva waze ukhiqiza ebhukwinitifundvo lokuqala waseRussia kwemithi organic. Ukuze lesi sifundo, Dmitry yaklonyeliswa umklomelo eliphakeme ngokwesayensi.

Eminyakeni eyalandela, ososayensi behlola ukufana chemical phakathi izici eziningana ezinjengolwazi lithium, i-sodium ne-potassium, kanye phakathi ayibe, manganese nensimbi. Khona-ke usosayensi wokuqala wazama udale ithebula esingaletha ndawonye zonke izinto, kodwa ngaleso sikhathi ukuthi akuzange kusebenze. Usosayensi waqhubeka etadisha izakhi zamakhemikhali, enethemba ukuhlanganisa kubo ibe ithebula olulodwa.

Phakathi ezitholwe zakhe esivelele kunazo zonke bamakhemikhali Russian ziye zakhomba umthetho zesikhathi izakhi. EJalimane, sasikholelwa ukuthi co-umbhali yomthetho gqwa nokuthi Meyer waphika ukuthi kamuva. Phela, Mendeleev ngakwazi ukuletha etafuleni hhayi kuphela izinto ezikhona, kodwa ngaleso sikhathi elingaziwa ukuze ososayensi, wabasiza kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni isayensi. Dmitri Mendeleev wakwazi zibikezele ukubakhona izakhi, kanye ukuzisabalalisa e kulandzelana lokufanele, eyake kuye usokhemisi enkulu.

German Ivanovich Gess

German Ivanovich Gess - kungenye wemithi odumile waseRussia. Herman wazalelwa e-Geneva, kodwa waxoshwa ngemva kokutadisha e-University of-Irkutsk, lapho ayesebenza khona njengoba udokotela. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, usosayensi wabhala izihloko ithunyelwa omagazini onguchwepheshe izihloko chemistry yemvelo. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, u-Herman Hess wafundisa-chemistry edumile uMbusi u-Alexander II.

German Ivanovich Gess futhi thermochemistry

Ikakhulu emkhakheni we Herman Ivanovich kwaba ukuthi bathole okuningi emkhakheni thermochemistry, okwenza omunye abasunguli balo. Wathola i umthetho obalulekile ngokuthi umthetho Hess. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, wafunda indlela yokwakheka namaminerali ezine. Ngaphezu miphumela, yena uhlole amaminerali (wahlanganyela Geochemistry). Ukuze kuhlonishwe usosayensi Russian ngisho ngokuthi mineral ukuthi kwaba wokuqala uphenyo is they - Hesse. Gess isiJalimane, futhi kuze kube namuhla ubhekwa wemithi odumile futhi ohlonishwayo.

Evgeniy Timofeevich Denisov

Nokho evgeniy Timofeevich Denisov kuyinto evelele physics Russian wemithi, ngakho enolwazi oluncane kakhulu. Eugene wazalelwa emzini Kaluga, wafunda e-Moscow State University sokuzikhethela, amakhemikhali nokusebenzelana kwawo, onguchwepheshe emkhakheni wesayensi yokuthakwa kwamakhemikhali emzimbeni. Khona-ke waqhubeka nohambo lwakhe ngesayensi. Evgeny Denisov has imisebenzi eminingana eshicilelwe, okuyinto baye baba elihle kakhulu. Ubuye abe uchungechunge imisebenzi on isihloko izindlela cyclical futhi kwezinye tinkhulumo eyakhelwe kubo. Usosayensi kuyinto academician at the Academy of Art, kanye ne-International Academy of Sciences. Evgeny Denisov - uyindoda wanikezela ukuphila kwakhe-chemistry yemvelo, kanye ukufundisa isizukulwane esisha kulezi komkhakha wezesayensi.

Michael Degtev

Michael Degtev ezifundwa PSU ngesikhathi kwi-Chemistry Department. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva wavikela mqondo futhi iziqu ezifundweni zakhe. Aqhubeka khona nomsebenzi wakhe e-University of Perm, lapho walibangisa emkhakheni ucwaningo. Kwaphela iminyaka eminingi, ososayensi baye baqhuba bacwaninga eNyuvesi, bese baba inhloko eMnyangweni Analytical Chemistry.

Michael Degtev namuhla

Degtev Mihail Ivanovich eshicilelwe amaphepha mayelana 500 yesayensi kubaluleke kakhulu: imiphumela zincwadi ziphakathi kokulandisa okuvelele ucwaningo, izincwadi.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ososayensi uNkulnkulu 69 ubudala, yena namanje usebenza Perm State University, lapho ebhala amaphepha isayensi, ukwenza iriseshi nge nokufundisa-chemistry esizukulwaneni esisha. Ososayensi eholwa ezindaweni ezimbili ucwaningo eyunivesithi, kanye umsebenzi nocwaningo abafundi iziqu kanye ukhetho zobudokotela.

Vladimir vasilevich Markovnikov

Kunzima ukubukela phansi igalelo isazi sesayensi esidumile Russian ngendlela isayensi ezifana ne-chemistry. UVladimir Markovnikov wazalwa engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu le-19 emndenini zasebukhosini. Kakade lapho ngineminyaka eyishumi ubudala, uVladimir waqala ukufunda ku Nizhny Novgorod izikhulu Institute, lapho iziqu emakilasini esikoleni esiphakeme. Ngemva kwalokho, wathunyelwa abaqeqeshiwe e-University of Kazan, lapho uthisha wakhe kwakungu UProfesa Butlerov, wemithi odumile waseRussia. Kwakuphakathi nale minyaka engu-Vladimir vasilevich Markovnikov wathola isithakazelo sakhe kwamakhemikhali. Ngemva kokuphothula University of Kazan, uVladimir waba umsizi laboratory, sasebenza kanzima, enethemba ukuthola professorship.

UVladimir Markovnikov wafunda isomers futhi kamuva eminyakeni embalwa bavikela ngempumelelo umsebenzi wakhe yesayensi on isihloko isomerism of organic compounds. Kulesi mqondo, uProfesa Markovnikov kakade wafakazela ukuthi isomers ezinjalo. Ngemva kwalokho ngase ngithunyelwa ukuyosebenza eYurophu, lapho ayesebenza ne ososayensi edume kunazo angaphandle.

Ngaphandle isomerism, uVladimir wafunda futhi chemical ukwakheka kwamafutha. Kwaphela iminyaka eminingana wayesebenza eMoscow University, lapho efundisa isizukulwane esisha chemistry sesikhulile zanikeza izinkulumo kwakhe kubafundi physics kanye mathematics umnyango.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uVladimir vasilevich Markovnikov futhi wanyathelisa incwadi, alibiza ngokuthi "iqoqo Lomonosov". Linikeza cishe zonke bamakhemikhali Russian abadumile nabadumile, kanye ukutshela ngomlando chemistry in Russia.