Amabutho angu-46 obusikazi bombuso wobusuku bombhomu ("Wit Witches")

KuMpi Yezwe Yesibili, hhayi abafana abancane abaneminyaka engu-17 kuphela ababehamba phambili, kodwa nabafundi besifazane. Ubuhle obusha, obomvu bebekulungele ukuhlolwa, bahlangana nabafana futhi baphupha ngengubo yomshado, namhlanje balwela impilo yabantu bakithi kanye nenkululeko ye-Motherland. Omunye wamantombazane onesibindi waba umhlengikazi wezempi, othile - umseshi, othile - umshini womshini, nomuntu - umshayeli wempi. Balwa ne-fascism ngokuhambisana nabesilisa, kaningi embusweni ofanayo.

"Abazingeli Bokuhlwa"

Igunya elidumile kunazo zonke kanye nabesifazane kuphela emlandweni kazwelonke kanye nomhlaba yi-46th Guards Women's Regiment of night bombers, ebizwa ngokuthi ibutho elivamile leSoviet Union "i-Dunkin's Regiment" futhi ngesineke baqamba ngokuthi "Abazingeli Bokuhlwa" ngamasosha aseFascist.

"Ababhula ebusuku" ekuqaleni babangela ukuba ibutho laseJalimane lihlehle kakhulu, njengoba behamba ngezindiza ze-plywood "u-U-2", okwakungelula ukwehlisa isibhamu esikhulu somshini. Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi sezimpi, amaqhawe angenasibindi akwazi ukukhombisa lokho okwakwenzayo, efakazela ukuthi ukwesaba "ubusuku bugeleza" (indlela amantombazane abiza ngayo izindiza zabo).

Inhlangano yezindiza zezindiza zamabhomu ebusuku yenza umnikelo obalulekile ekunqobeni.

"U-2" - umshini wommbidi wekhadibhodi noma ukulwa "i-skyly slug"?

"U-2" ne "Po-2" yizindiza eziphambili ze-plywood, izikhukhula zazo ezazingavunyelwe ukulwa nezikhali ezinkulu. Baqala ukuxhumana kancane nomlilo. Izimoto ezinobunzima, umkhawulo wejubane ongaphezu kuka-100 km / h, zithole ukuphakama kwamamitha angu-500, kodwa ezandleni ezikwazi ukushayela abashayeli besifazane zaphenduka isikhali esinqabile.

Ngesikhathi sekuqala ubumnyama ngaphandle kwalapho umphakathi wama-aviation wama-night of night bombers ubonakala futhi uhlasele izikhundla zesitha.

AmaJalimane ayesaba amantombazane futhi anikezwe amandla angaphezu kwamandla angama-46, Ukungakholwa, Lokho, ukuhamba ngezindiza ezinjalo zokuqala, umuntu ovamile angakwazi ukufeza imiphumela enjalo. Kodwa-ke, bambalwa bengazi ukuthi kunzima kanjani abaqhubi abaphethe ukugcina isithombe sabo esimnandi. Phela, isikhathi eside, ukuze kutholakale amabhomu amaningi "ama-swallows", amantombazane awazange athathe ngisho nama-parachute nawo, kanti amaTTs kuphela ayethathwa ezikhali. Engxenyeni yesibili yempi, izibhamu zashintshwa izibhamu, okwandisa kakhulu ukushayela abashayeli bezindiza. Kodwa, naphezu kokuthuthukiswa kwesikhali, lapho kubonakala khona emigodini ye "Heavenly Walkers", kwakungekho ithuba.

Phakathi nobusuku, izindiza ezazisetshenziswa yi-46th Guards Women's Regiment Night ebusuku zenziwe ngamabhomu ayisishiyagalolunye, futhi phakathi nobusuku obude obusika inani labo liphindwe kabili. I-mechanics ye-regiment, okwakuyimpumelelo, yayingabesifazane, yahlaba futhi yashisa izingxenye zeplywood "phansi" ngamahora amaningi, futhi abaqhawe baphindela futhi ngesabelo.

Ubani owaziyo, mhlawumbe ngempela, i-46th female aircraft yezempi yajabulela ukuthandwa kwamandla aphezulu? Uma kungenjalo ukuthi uchaze kanjani ukuthi "ubusuku bujikijela" babuyela enkundleni yezindiza endaweni lapho kunoma iyiphi enye indiza engeke iqhume ngisho namamitha amahlanu?

Ngabona ebhokisini le-"U-2" e-plywood eyaziwa ngumshayeli wezwe onolwazi, uMarta Raskova.

Ubhapathizo lwezempi lombutho we "Taman"

Ubhapathizo lwangempela lwamantombazane lungabhekwa njengento yokusebenza ukuze iphule "i-Blue Line". Le okuthiwa impi eNovosibirsk. Ngemva kokukhulula inhlanhla yaseTaman, i-46th Guards Women's Regiment of night bombers, isithombe sakhe ongasithola kunoma iyiphi incwadi yomlando womhlaba, wathola isidlaliso "Tamansky".

Izimpi zendawo zazingumsebenzi wokuzibhubhisa emlandweni wobuqili bobusuku. Ibutho laqhubeka nokulahlekelwa okuphawulekayo: 11 abagibeli bezombusazwe basezulwini banikela impilo yabo ngenkululeko yeNovosibirsk.

Ngobusuku bokugcina bukaJulayi 1943 yedwa, lo mkhosi ulahlekelwe ama-servicemen angu-8 kanye nabasebenzi abane ku-searchlight.

Marina Mikhaylovna Raskova

U-Marina Mikhailovna Raskova wazalwa ngoMashi 28, 1912. Uyise wayengumfundisi wezingoma, kanti intombazane enesicingo somculo yayifuna ukuba ngumculi we-opera. Kodwa isiphetho sinqume okuhlukile - emndenini uRaskov wabulawa ukudla. Ukuze asize unina nomfowabo omncane, befinyelela eminyakeni eyishumi nesithupha, uMarina waya emsebenzini eByyrsky Chemical Plant. Ngonyaka ozayo empilweni yomshayeli wesikhathi esizayo kwakukhona ushintsho olubi lwezobuchwepheshe - lo mfana wathola umsebenzi njengomsizi we-laboratory e-Air Force Academy okuthiwa nguZhukovsky.

Umsebenzi, owavuma ngawo ukuphelelwa yithemba, waba yinto yokuzilibazisa futhi waba indaba yokuphila. Intombazane edumile yaqeda isikole se-Institute of Civil Air Fleet futhi yaqala ukufundisa umsebenzi wokuhamba. Wabeka futhi amarekhodi amaningi emhlabeni ebhizinisini elihamba ngezinyawo.

Ngo-1938 uRaskova waya phambili, lapho eqala khona ukuhamba ngobulili obuhle.

Ngendlela, umqondo wokwakha amabutho angu-46 obhejane bombutho wamabhomu ebusuku ubanjwe nguMarina Raskova. Kwaphela izinyanga ezintathu ngosizo lwakhe, kwahlelwa imiyalo emibili yabaqhubi bezindiza.

Kukhona indaba eyaziwa lapho kuthiwa lapho indiza enezimoto zamantombazane iqhuma ukuphoqeleka ngokuphuthumayo e-taiga, iRaskova yaqhuma ngeparachute futhi itholakala ezinsukwini eziyishumi kamuva, ingenalo izicathulo, kodwa ingaphumeleli ukuthanda ukuwina. Ngesibindi sokuqaqa kwakhe owesifazane wanikezwa i-Order kaLenin kanye ne "Golden Star".

Umlawuli webutho

Umlawuli we-"Dunkin's Regiment", njengoba ebiza ngokuzibiza ngokuthi ibutho labesifazane abangu-46 lamabhomu ebusuku, abafowabo abalwa - amasosha eSoviet Army, wayengumshayeli wezempi uVevkiakia Davydovna Bershanskaya.

U-Evdokia wazalwa ngoFebhuwari 6, 1913 esifundeni saseStvropol, edolobhaneni laseDobrovolnoye, emndenini womkhandi wensimbi. Phakathi neMpi Yombango, le ntombazane yalahlekelwa abazali bayo, ukukhuliswa kwakhe kwathathwa ngumalume wakhe uGeorge Sereda. Mhlawumbe, ngenxa yeziqondiso zomzwelo zomalume wakhe, owayengumsebenzi we-286th Infantry Regiment, nabangane bakhe, phakathi kwabo abanobuciko obudumile njengo-Voroshilov, uBudyonny no-Apanasenko, intombazane enomuntu wesilisa oye wanquma ukuba ngumqoqo wesibhakabhaka. Ngemva kokuqeda izifundo zakhe esikoleni sikaNogodarnoy No. 1, wangena esikoleni sabashayeli bezindiza eBataysk, ngemva kwalokho waqala ukufundisa kuye umfundisi ofanayo.

Ngo-1941, u-Evdokia Davydovna wamiswa njengomphathi we-46th Guards Women's Regiment of night bombers, ngaphansi komyalo wakhe wawungaphezu kwezindiza ezingamashumi amathathu. Wanikezwa i- Order of Suvorov no-Alexander Nevsky.

Ngemuva kwempi, washada nomlawuli wezinkampani zasebusuku uKonstantin Bocharov wazala izingane ezintathu.

Imiklomelo kanye nezihloko ze "Wit Witches"

Umbuso webesifazane waseTaman nawo uphumelele kwinani labesifazane abethuliwe emklomelo. Amashumi amabili nantathu kubo baba yiGoli yamaSoviet Union.

Ngemva kokuwa kwe-USSR, u- Akimova Alexandra Feodorovna noSomarokova Tatiana Nikolaevna banikezwa isihloko seHero waseRussia, futhi uDospanova Khiuaz wanikezwa isihloko seHero yeRiphabhulikhi yaseKazakhstan.

Ukulahlekelwa

Ngeshwa, ibutho lezindiza labesifazane alizange lenze ngaphandle kokulahleka. Phakathi nempi, kwabulawa abashayeli abangu-32, kodwa bonke bangcwatshwa, ngenxa yemizamo kaVevkiakia Yakovlevna Rachkevich kanye nezinye izinsizakalo eziqhubekayo zesigungu.

Futhi, amantombazane afela ezingozini ngesikhathi sokuqeqesha, kusukela ezigulini ezinkulu kanye nokulimala esibhedlela sezibhamu nakwezinye izimo ezingahambisani nemisebenzi yezempi.

Izimbulo zika-Irina Rakobolskaya

U-Irina Rakobolskaya, owayengumdala kanye nenduna yabasebenzi besibhamu sabesifazane, wanikeza inkulumo kubathengi.

Ezimbukisweni zakhe, wangitshela indlela okwesaba ngayo lapho ezwa emsakazweni mayelana nokuqala kwempi. Lezi zindaba ezesabekayo zamfica ngesikhathi elungiselela nomngane wakhe ukuhlolwa kwe-physics. Ngemva kokukhala, amantombazane anquma ukuzovikela iNingizimu Afrika.

Njengoba amavolomu amancane amancane ayengavunyelwe e-USSR, abaqhubi bezindiza baphoqeleka ukuba bafake ifomu ngehlombe lomuntu kanye nezicathulo zobukhulu obungama-41-43. Kuphela phakathi nempi lo mbutho wathola ingubo evamile, eyakhiwe emiyalweni kaGeneral Tyulenev.

U-Rakobolskaya ukhuluma ngenhlonipho ngoRaskova, owenza ubugebengu obusika obusika obuvela "ezinwele ezingenalwazi, ezinobunzima, ezingcolile". Ukuhleka kukhumbula u-Irina Vyacheslavovna oneminyaka engamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye ubudala ngokucasuka kwentombazane yakhe, lapho, njengalo lonke iqembu labesifazane, umyalo wayala ukuba izinwele zakhe zifinyezwe, futhi ukucasuka okwavela lapho ezwa ukuthi abafowabo balwa kanjani ukubhekisela kulowo mkhakha.

Owesifazane owalwela abantu, ngekusasa lezingane zakhe, enezinyembezi emehlweni akhe, utshela ukuthi isiphetho samantombazane amancane asuka e-"Dunka's Regiment" ngemva kwempi, ngemuva kwalokho, akubona bonke abathola ukubiza kwabo ngesikhathi sokuthula. Kodwa-ke, ohlakaniphile u-Irina Vakaslavovna Rakobolskaya, akabheki okubi ngombuso noma kwentsha ye-eccentric. Ukholelwa ukuthi, qalisa impi esikhathini sethu, amantombazane namantombazane abasha, ngaphandle kokungabaza komzuzu, bazoya ukuvikela i-Motherland.

"Wit Witch Night" kwezobuciko

Udumo lwaluthola futhi lo mbutho emkhakheni wobungcweti. Mayelana namantombazane onesibindi wadubula amafilimu amaningi futhi wahlabelela izingoma eziningi.

Ifilimu yokuqala mayelana nabalindi abangu-46, ibutho lama-night bombers elihlaselayo ngegama elithi "1100 ebusuku" yadutshulwa nguSemyon Aronovich okwamanje ngaphansi kweSoviet Union, ngo-1961. Eminyakeni engu-20 kulezi zikrini kwakukhona ifilimu eyodwa - "Ebhakabhakeni" Abapangi Bokuhlwa ".

Emsebenzini owaziwa futhi othandekayo "Amadoda Okudala Aphela Aya Ekulweni", indaba ethi "Witch Night" nguNadezhda Popova kanye nomshayeli wezinyawo uSemyon Kharlamov uthathwe njengesisekelo sesakhiwo.

Amanye amaqembu angaphandle, njengeHail of Bullets noSabaton, ezakhiweni zawo adumisa i-46th Guards Women's Regiment.