"Alania" - National Park, e-Russia: isithombe kanye nencazelo

Kulesi sihloko, sifuna ngikuxoxele endaweni enhle Ossetia ngokuthi "Alania". National Park yasungulwa ngo-1998, futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi iqembu lakhe bengayeki nemisebenzi yabo, ukuba iziqondiso eziningi.

History of the Park

"Alania" - esiqiwini wadala ukuze alondoloze izakhiwo unique zemvelo of North Ossetia. Ngaphezu imisebenzi kwemvelo esiqiwini kuyinto imisebenzi asebenzayo zemfundo nesayensi. Omunye imisebenzi main abasebenzi epaki - ukudalwa izimo kuhle kwezokuvakasha kule ndawo.

Ukusungulwa esiqiwini kulesi sifunda ephakanyiswe ngokuphindaphindiwe kusukela ayisihlanu. Isinyathelo sokuqala esithathwayo kulesi siqondiso kwaba inhlangano esiqiwini lokuqala "Tseyskoe", ise-zone Piedmont. Ngemva kwalokho, ibhekwa njengoba namapulazi abazingela ayehlelwe: "Turmon", "Mahchesky", "Saur", "Zmeyskaya Nicholas", "Zamankulsky". Futhi ngo-1967, North Ossetia Reserve (isimo) iye ihlelwe okwamanje.

On isidingo inhlangano kwepaki kwenziwa ngempela kakhulu ngokuxazulula emibuthanweni ezahlukene kanye emazingeni ehlukene. Kwakuwusuku isinqumo ezifanele kuphela kwalophiko esayinwe 1998. Ngokusho kwakhe, "Alania" - esiqiwini, okuyinto kwenziwa ucwaningo, imfundo kanye nomsebenzi kwemvelo. Ngaphakathi wokugodlwa inombolo ngokwanele ezinkulu esikhumbuzo zamasiko nezomlando.

Indawo

National Park of Russia "Alania" isendaweni emthambekeni osenyakatho we ngumgogodla ezikhungweni zomsebenzi eCaucasus. Kuzo zonke izinhlangothi lizungezwe insimu ka uchungechunge emikhulu okusezingeni eliphezulu. Ungathola kukhona kuphela entabeni umgwaqo owodwa, edabula isigodi canyon Ahsinta Urukh River. "Alania" - esiqiwini, etholakala endaweni enezintaba. I ukuphakama okungenani izwe lakhe - 1,100 amamitha ngaphezu kolwandle futhi esiphezulu kuyinto 4646 amamitha (a entabeni Uilpata). Le ndawo isamba wokugodlwa 54926 amahektha.

South park umhlaba komngcele Georgia Main eCaucasus Range, nasentshonalanga - ukuze Kabardino-Balkan Nature Reserve, egobhoza Umngcele osempumalanga laseNyakatho Ossetic Reserve.

Ensimini ka "Alania" kusethelwe umahluko Ukuvikelwa umbuso okusekelwe izici zomlando, amasiko, yemvelo, ezomnotho kanye namanye. Lesi siqiwu sehlukaniswe ezindaweni ezilandelayo: injongo kwezomnotho, ukuphepha, ukuphathwa ngendlela ekhethekile, ukuvikelwa ngokukhethekile nasekusindisweni.

izimo zezulu

Esikhathini ingaphakathi kwezifunda zezintaba of the North eCaucasus kukhona intaba sezulu ekhethekile. It libhekene eside obubandayo nehlobo iDemo cool. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona zonation mpo nge ezihlukahlukene microclimates. Kukhula kokuwa, lokho kwehlisa izinga lokushisa emoyeni kanye umfutho womoya, futhi ngokufanele kwandisa umthamo kanye izinga kwezulu. Isimo sokukhululeka ngokwenkolo "Alania" sisivivi Continental. It ubuswa imvula entwasahlobo nasehlobo. Spurs emikhulu, emihosheni nemicengezi intermountain, kanye emisebeni yelanga kakhulu izinkinga ukuzungeza jikelele, okuholela ekubeni khona ezihlukahlukene izimo micro-zezulu.

Nge ukwanda ukuphakama emisebeni nge-avareji ka eziyishumi angu zonke amamitha 1,000.

impumuzo

National Park "Alania" (isithombe enikezwa esihlokweni) kuyinto indawo heterogeneous. Reserve emhlabeni eziyinkimbinkimbi izinhlelo aqukethe emikhulu, ahlukaniswa zigodi ewumngcingo nezigodi entabeni emifuleni, bok yene nohlaza herbaceous. Amahlathi embozwe% 21 kuphela insimu, kodwa amakhambi - ama-75%. On insimu ivelele amaqembu amathathu ukhuphuka amagquma, okuyinto ukudlulisa kakhulu zifana komunye nomunye mayelana enyakatho-ntshonalanga kuya eningizimu-mpumalanga.

Eningizimu esifundeni yilona eliphezulu ukuwedlula wonke wabo - eyayiwuphawu main, welula okwengeziwe kuze kube sohlangothini lwesokhohlo, futhi ngemva kwaso - ridge enamadwala.

inqolobane emfuleni

Urukh River yiyona mfula eyinhloko esiqiwini. Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke nemingenela yayo - Nargidon, Songutidon, Bilyagidon. Imifula anesizotha bondliwa izinguzunga zeqhwa. Ngo kwepaki kukhona emifuleni ezingaphezu kwezingu-70 nemifudlana. Kodwa Lake Reserve incane kakhulu, zinomsuka glacial. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke kubo: Mikelay futhi Fastgaskoe.

izimila

Kuyini ezithakazelisayo, "Alania" (National Park)? Incazelo esiqiwini ngeke ibe ephelele uma hhayi ukusho amagama ambalwa mayelana izimila. Ngenxa yalesi sifunda, libhekene eziphakeme zone. Kukhona ivezwa kahle zonke izinhlobo entabeni zikaphayini, nasemahlathini zokhuni, uphayini namahlathi birch, beech futhi hornbeam ekutshaleni, ohlanzekile nezimfunda subalpine. Ngokuvamile, amahlathi efaka cishe okwesihlanu zensimu. Bahamba cishe yonke nemithambeka. Futhi esigodini Alder akhulise. Emithambekeni enyakatho amaqembu amancane zikhule amahlathi beech. Kodwa njengoba zingakapheleli esikhundleni birch amade futhi maples. Nemithambeka eningizimu embozwe-oki, * hazel.

Ngenhla ibhande ihlathi kukhona izimfunda subalpine ku ezimila okusanhlamvu: Calamagrostis trostnikovidnogo, fescue, uThimothewu. Ngokuvamile, le izitshalo epaki siqukethe ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane zezitshalo ezihlukahlukene. Lapha ungathola ngu-200 zinhlobo sendawo of eCaucasus, kukhona labo zitholakala kuphela North Ossetia. Esiqiwini kukhona kuphela ezingaphezu kwezingu-70 zezihlahla. Njengoba for nezihlahla ezintabeni sikhule zokhuni, Barberry, ijikijolo lingase, zasendle rose.

Ngo kwepaki kukhona angaphezu kuka-130 zama-fungus, phakathi okuyizinto boletus eziningi kakhulu, omhlophe, e-aspen, russula futhi boletus.

"Alania" (National Park): izilwane

Nezilwane we wokugodlwa ocebile kakhulu futhi ezihlukahlukene, ngenxa yokubakhona ebukeka ezahlukene. Lesi siqiwu uye waloba 34 kuphela zezilwane ezincelisayo, phakathi okuyinto ezithakazelisa kakhulu yiwona negogo East-zaseCaucasia futhi izinkambo. Kodwa emahlathini okuxubile kuhlala amabhere ansundu, izingulube zasendle kanye Roe izinyamazane. I izilwane ezidla ezinye kulencane esiqiwini kubhekwe njengento impungushe marten. Futhi ukuphila Ermine ku scree itshe. Emahlathini olumanzi lezihlahla kukhona shrews.

Ayikho ocebile kancane futhi izwe nezinyoni kwepaki. Sekukonke, zikhona 116 zezinyoni, phakathi kwabo kukhona abamele zinhlobo enyakatho ukuthi bakwazi ukungena lapha ehlathini: bullfinch crossbill, isikhova, inyoni emnyama yaseNgilandi. Futhi epaki iyikhaya izinyoni nezilwane aseYurophu, ngamazwe aseMedithera nase-Asia Ephakathi. a Ukuhlukahluka okunjalo zezinto eziphilayo ngenxa isimo ezindawo of eCaucasus. Lihlala izinyoni, ngisho nalabo abafika lapha phakathi nesikhathi Ice Age futhi kwakhiwa kusukela lapho inqwaba zenyathi.

Kodwa ezihuquzelayo akuzona njengoba ziningi kuleli paki. Lapha bona bahlala zonke izinhlobo ezintathu.

Imisebenzi kwabasebenzi

abasebenzi Ipaki bekwi hhayi kuphela emsebenzini yesayensi, kodwa futhi imfundo, futhi lokhu kuhilela esikoleni, pre-school, secondary nezemfundo ephakeme ngisho kungenzeka. Ukusiza abasebenzi esiqiwini yadalwa, iqembu sokuzithandela ukuze kuvikeleke "Alania" National Park, elimalungu alo ukusiza ukuhlela zonke izinhlobo imicimbi nemisebenzi ukuqwashisa abantu nezinhlangano ukuba izinkinga esifundeni. Ukuze abasebenzi esiqiwini kukhona inselele hhayi nje kuphela ukulondoloza futhi sandise yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene, kodwa futhi imisebenzi ukuqwashisa, i-emphakathini uwonke.

Ngeshwa, isamba okunjalo enkulu abasebenzi umsebenzi engingeke ngikwazi ukuyikhokhela, ngakho bazama ukukala amabutho ukusiza amavolontiya.

ezikhangayo yemvelo

Ngo kwepaki kukhona eziningi ezikhangayo zemvelo. Ukuze omunye wabo uyalandisa Glacier Karagum ohlanganisa yonke indawo afanayo Uilpata enyakatho. endaweni yaso engaphezu kuka-35 amakhilomitha square. Isici esivelele sesimiso yeqhwa Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi wehlela kahle ngezansi zonke Caucasian esigodini izinguzunga zeqhwa.

esikhundleni isiphetho sendaba

Ukuvakashela kwepaki akuvunyelwe nhlobo abangeyona ingxenye yebandla lobuKristu. Nokho, ukuphatha amukela izicelo izinkambo waqondisa olwenziwa kuphela endaweni ethile. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi kwepaki itholakala endaweni emngceleni, kodwa izikhulu ngoba ngokuqinile evikelwe ngisho ngokuya ekulawulweni kweminyele. Ngokuvamile, kubalulekile ukugcizelela ukubaluleka Amazing ivela Ngokombono ongokwesayensi, "Alania" (National Park). Kafushane esihlokweni iDemo akunakwenzeka ukuba ikutshele ukuthi izwe ligcwele reserve, okuyinto Ingabizwa kufanele ngokuthi iparele Ossetia.