Yosemite National Park. Yosemite National Park (California, USA)

Uma sikhuluma-United States, thina isho emnyangweni wezempi onamandla, isimo sezomnotho nesezombangazwe. Kodwa eMelika, kukhona indawo hhayi kuphela samagugu entando yeningi zamadola oluhlaza kanye nobuchwepheshe eziphambili. Kuba yisikhathi futhi lapho ezweni lapho ubuhle uhlala.

Umlando kokudaliweyo zokulondolozwa

Okubekiwe e-United States kakhulu, futhi indawo ekhethekile phakathi kwabo kungokwalabo amapaki kazwelonke, okuyizinto e-United States 58, endaweni ingqikithi ayizinkulungwane 251,58 sq. Km. Ukuqala yokudalwa sabekwa ekhulwini ngaphambili.

Isungulwe 1 Mashi, 1972, i-Yellowstone National Park United States kubhekwa ngowokuqala emhlabeni. Abantu abaningi bakuthola lendlela esisemthethweni: kusenzima-June 30, 1864 Yosemite Grant sasayinwa, owawuthi Yosemite Valley kanye Mariposa Grove wathola isimo epaki - nakuba ayengafiki federal, futhi ukubaluleka zesifunda: ezweni idluliselwe saseCalifornia. Izazi zikholelwa ukuthi le Isenzo thwa sasiyosetshenziswa lapho US kamuva Yellowstone National Park yasungulwa, futhi, emva kwakhe, nabanye abaningi. Namuhla, zombili wokugodlwa phakathi ezine ethandwa kakhulu kuleli zwe. Yosemite ibekwe njengezwe lesithathu ngo-2012, kwathiwa wavakashela yizivakashi 3.853.404. Ngalokhu inkomba kuba yesibili kuphela e-Grand Canyon (4,421,352) kanye Greyt smoki Mountains (9,685,829).

Indlela ukuya epaki

Yosemite wathola isimo esiqiwini e 1890 kanye itholakala esifundazweni US of California. Kusuka e-San Francisco kuso mayelana 200 amamayela, ungakwazi domchali amahora amathathu ngendlela enhle. Indlela kusukela Los Angeles kuthatha cishe amahora ayisithupha. Ipaki yokungena Imali: $ 20 ukukhokhela travel imoto, phezu komuntu ozihambelayo (umgibeli noma ngesithuthuthu) ingxenye, kodwa emshinini abhekwe njengesiprofetho esisodwa kungakhathaliseki inani abagibeli.

Uma uya, isibonelo, inkampani kwabantu abayisishiyagalombili, ungagcina cool. Kungenzeka ukuthenga ukubhalisa unyaka - bese ungakwazi okungenani nsuku zonke ukuvakashela Yosemite. National Park uyakwazi ukunikeza isihambi yinto entsha ngokuphelele, kuye ngokuthi inkathi noma sezulu.

Ukutholakala esigodini

Kokunye nguqulo ye "Yosemite" lihunyushwa lisuselwa Indian, njengoba "zingabantu ababulali." Njengoba omakhelwane eliseduze babembiza le abakhe esigodini, isizwe avanichi ka amaNdiya asezindaweni ezingasogwini onesimo abangophakimpi futhi bahilizisane. Ngokusho kwenye inguqulo, "Yosemite" - a angahleliwe "uzumati" ( "sithwale" ngolimi sendawo).

Lapho abantu ezinhle ezimhlophe aqala ukunqoba izwe kusukela bomdabu kuleli zwekazi, omunye ezindaweni eziqhelelene ingajezisa wagijima ekuphishekeleni amaNdiya, ngathola esigodini esihle phakathi iziqongo entabeni. BaseYurophu kungukuthi ngaphandle kokulwa wanikwa California libalele, ikhadi namuhla okusikhumbuza izimpi wavutha abaholi Redskins. Kuleli zinga, kanye Arizona futhi Oklahoma, ku-reserve ekhaya ukuze inani elikhulu Indian labantu American.

Nature - umklami umhlabeleli

Phakathi khona namathafa amahle ezitholwa zibabaza izigidi zezivakashi, isintu ukweleta izinqubo ezenzeka Emhlabeni izigidi zeminyaka. Came motion ngenxa amashifu zomhlaba Sierra Nevada wasukuma belunguza ngasempumalanga - lokhu kuchaza mnene futhi emaweni amagquma ayo entshonalanga empumalanga.

Ligalelo ukudalwa esiqiwini ukwethula nokuphetha Ice Age. Lapho mass abandayo ezimhlophe saya eningizimu, ebhidliza ngokwayo ngaphansi imbulunga, enginakho namathafa amaningi. Ayesebuyela yeqhwa kwesokunxele eziningi yabulala namachibi ezinhlanzi. Ezinye zazo zisekhona nanamuhla, nakuba abanye yomile - endaweni yabo kwakhiwa Emathafeni evundile, kuhlanganise Yosemite Valley.

izwe Amanzi

Leli paki has a lot of amanzi. Lapha zivela kwemifula emibili emikhulu - Merced futhi Tuolomni, ithambekele ngezinye izikhathi usakaze ukuphakama enkulu, engaphezu kuka-2700 ukusakaza nemifudlana. California esibhakabhakeni Ukubheka ayizinkulungwane 3,2 amachibi - hhayi lokho abanye imvuthu, futhi indawo 100 m ² ngasinye.

emachibini amancane ukubala into engenzeki isimiso. Kwezinye izindawo kwepaki ezisekhona zamaqhwa. Omunye wabo, Layll, ithatha amahektha mayelana 65 futhi iyona enkulu kunazo zonke e-Yosemite. National Park 95% - ngokuphelele izindawo intombi yindoda. Ezinye izinhlobo zayo eziningi zezitshalo nezilwane baye bathola isiphephelo lapha.

Futhi ngisho noma isimo ngeke unclouded: 3 zinhlobo saphela futhi 37 asengozini, izilwane zasendle ivikelwe uhulumeni wase-US ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu. Isimo Ngokucophelela baseMelika maqondana ezweni labo kungaba kuphela zibabaza.

izindawo lokugogobala

Ngesikhathi somusa izivakashi banikezwe ingxenye elincani Yosemite Park, kodwa lokhu kakhulu :. ayizinkulungwane 1.3 km zezindlela zokuqwala izintaba futhi 560 km imigwaqo awasoze futhi musa obedesh ngosuku olulodwa. Mayelana nesifiso sokuvikela endaweni emiphumeleni engadingeki yezinto yabantu, iningi imizila - nokuhamba. Ezinye zazo iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu hhayi wonke umuntu angakwazi ukuyenza.

Labo ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene akuyona fan of ukuhamba, ungakwazi ukugibela eduze Tioga Road - umzila ebabazekayo kanye okuyinto ezihlakazekile ukusakaza, izimfunda kanye namachibi, ezembula ezintabeni eziseduze. Lapha ungakwazi ukumisa yonke indawo ukuthatha izithombe ebukeka evulekile.

Avakashelwe yizivakashi futhi kuya Hetchy Reservoir Hetch, umlando okuyinto Kuyadumaza. Kuleli qophelo kwakunomuntu esigodini, lokhu Yosemite edumile emhlabeni wonke. National Park, ngeshwa, ulahlekelwa ophithizelayo-San Francisco abadinga amanzi kanye nogesi. Ngo-1913 kwenziwa isinqumo, futhi naphezu imibhikisho yenza ngokuphelelwa yithemba zokulondolozwa kwemvelo, esigodini elihle Hetch Hetchy, wanyamalala ngaphansi kwamanzi.

Abavakashi kukhona abambalwa, kodwa ungakwazi ukuhlangabezana izilwane, akusiyo wesabe umuntu (nakuba ofakazi bokuzibonela bathi eziningi kubo yonke indawo). Abasebenzi waxwayisa mayelana amabhere: Bears zijwayele ukudla womuntu - ukukhuphuka ukuze asuse, hhayi obradueshsya.

Carry futhi uthwele ukudla epaki kufanele kube ne izinyathelo ezikhethekile, futhi ebusuku emotweni abakwazi ukushiya lutho ngisho nakulezo sifana ezidliwayo: Clumsy namasu ochotshoziwe akuyona umshini ofanayo. Izibhelu abantu amabhere ngokuvamile izinkinga ezinkulu, ngakho namuhla ekuphathweni epaki uyakulobikela mihlangano esiphansi.

Esinye isimangaliso Yosemite esiqiwini - Mariposa Grove. Lapha sikhule sequoias 200, nengwenya kakhulu futhi isikhathi eside izihlahla emhlabeni. Ezinye zezinhlobo sikhule ngamamitha 100 ubude futhi 12 ububanzi. Imidondoshiya epaki lapho, kodwa "efanele" abazala, vymahal 80 m kanye nobudala iminyaka eyinkulungwane 3.5 yonkana. Abantu ababemi lapho lesi sihlahla kubonakale gnomes kusukela zaseScandinavia inganekwane.

Izixuku zezivakashi ukugqashuka Gleysher Khomba bese Tyne Buka, alinikela ukubukwa emangalisayo amawa nezimpophoma ka Yosemite. I National Park akusilo ize yigama lesi sigodi: kuba inimitably enhle.

Yosemite Valley - Pearl Park

Ngokuphindaphindiwe izithombe umbono nesigodi esivula izihambi lapho usufika kuleyo ndawo. Ngena "izici" eweni adumile "El Capitan" kanye nezimpophoma ezimbili: Braydalveyl (elihunyushwa ngokuthi "kwesihenqo umakoti") Ngakolunye uhlangothi futhi "umsila amahhashi", obizwa nangokuthi "impophoma lomlilo" - ngakolunye. Ngo-February, izivakashi nethuba ukubona emehlweni elihle ngokumangalisayo futhi engavamile: ukukhanya kwelanga oshaya emadwaleni, ukudala banenkolelo yokuthi akusiyo amanzi, kodwa metal ashisayo liphuma ukuphakama 650 m.

Izimpophoma e Yosemite esiqiwini ezingenakubalwa. Abakhulu nabancane, bona douse izivakashi namafu inkungu, cascading yokuphunyuka nge egwadle amatshe, zashesha futhi abanomsindo, amasevisi abo - uthingo yasezulwini inqwaba amalanga kubonakala Jets zabo. Akunakwenzeka oyokwazi uyavumelana okuyinto wabo enhle kakhulu. Nobuhle - yigama futhi ngokuvamile indaba ukunambitheka - asikwazi kunokusebenza kwamagama athile ezifana nosayizi wezokudoba. Kule umbono, ukugcinwa kwamabhuku irekhodi Yosemite Falls, idatha engenayo kwesinye - e eziyisikhombisa futhi ngakolunye - phezulu amabili eliphakeme kunawo wonke emhlabeni.

Yazisa nezimpophoma kanye namachibi kufanele ithunyelwe entwasahlobo. zingabantu elishisayo akuzona njengoba onganqamukiyo egcwele, futhi abanye wome ngokuphelele.

kakhulu Ezokuzijabulisa

Akukhona nje abalandeli abathanda ubuhle zomhlaba uze lapha. Lesi siqiwu kubuye uhlobo Mecca ngoba abaqwali abacabanga ke ngodumo ukukhuphuka ezinqabeni ungenakunqotshwa, okuyinto ayinala kuleli ezungezile. Omunye izindawo zokukhulekela zamaKhanani bezintaba - rock El Capitan legwadle dwala umshini elinengqondo 900 amamitha.

phezulu Its ethwele lwamafu izihlahla phansi kubonakale amancane futhi awunamandla, njengokungathi uma eza egijima bevela kuzo zonke izinhlangothi - futhi wavele wayeka engakwazi ukukhuphuka. Izihlahla, Yiqiniso, feat enjalo awatholakali - kodwa idwala uhambisa abanye abantu. Kunzima imizila ekhuphuka ku eweni "semi Dome" futhi "Dome Labaqaphi. '

Ingqalasizinda kanye nemithetho

Ukuze ngalo okungenani ukuba ezikhangayo esemqoka, kubalulekile ukuchitha okungenani izinsuku 2-3. I Yosemite salokhu zonke izimo. Ilf and Petrov namanje e yayo "omunye storey Melika" Kuningi okuye kwabhalwa mayelana nalokho eziphakeme safinyelela baseMelika ekuphishekeleni induduzo ukuthi kusho okukhulu kangakanani kubo inkonzo.

Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, uma kukhona okushintshile, kungenxa ngcono kuphela. US izinqolobane bavame ukuba nengqalasizinda kakhulu, futhi Yosemite - iyathinteka. mahamba-nendlwana ukusiza ngamunye has ukuba zilalele imithetho ukuthi isiqinisekiso ukuphepha yena, nabanye (hhayi kuphela indlela abantu). Ungakwazi ukulala kuphela amatende noma ehhotela. Uma uhlela ukuba ngobusuku obubodwa kwenye indawo - udinga ukuthola imvume. It kudingeka nokudoba amateur, ukukhuphuka eweni wenze ezihlukahlukene yesayensi abacwaningi (kuba lapha zingenza).

Yosemite National Park (United States) ayikwazi kuchazwe amazwi. Kodwa uma uzama ke nakhu, leli zwi: ubukhazikhazi. Imidwebo ebukeka wendawo bathinteka izinyembezi - ungachitha amahora ukubukela njengoba emfuleni ogelezayo phakathi iziqongo entabeni emafwini, ukuntanta ekuthunjelweni ibanga sezihlahla esingunxantathu.