Yiziphi iziphakamiso ngenjongo yesitatimende? Inhloso kanye nenkulumo yezwi. Izibonelo zemisho ngenhloso yezwi

Kuyaziwa ukuthi, kuye ngokuthi izimpendulo noma yiziphi izinhloso ezikhulunywa yisikhulumi, imisho ngesiRussia iyakwazi ukuveza incazelo ehlukile ngokuphelele. Isibonelo, inkulumo kanye nenhloso yokukhuluma esakhiweni sokuhlanganiswa "yikuphi lokhu" kungasho ukuthi:

• Intukuthelo - "Kuyini lokhu!", Ukudlulisela ukuthukuthela kwesiphakamiso ngalokho okwenzekayo;
• Umbuzo "yikuphi lokhu?", Okudinga incazelo.

Ukwenza umqondo ngezwi ngamagama ahlukene, isikhulumi singakwazi futhi ukuveza isimo sakhe sengqondo sokuziphendulela kolwazi.

Kuye ngokuthi yiziphi izinhloso zesitatimende, iziphakamiso zihlukaniswe ngokulandelana, ukubuza imibuzo nokugqugquzela.

Umqondo wesigwebo

Umusho uyunithi yokwenziwa komsebenzi ehlukaniswa ukuphelela kwawo. Ngokubhala, lesi sigaba sidluliselwa ngokusebenzisa iphoyinti, iphuzu lokubuza imibuzo noma lesikhangiso, nangesimo somlomo - ngezwi. Ngokujwayelekile ekupheleni kwesitatimende, wehla.

Amagama emisho ayaxhunyaniswa ngegrammatically ngosizo lwama-prepositions kanye nokuphela, kanye nencazelo. Ngokwakhiwa komkhiqizo ngamunye okuphelele kunesisekelo esimelelwe amalungu awo asemqoka noma omunye wabo - isihloko kanye nesimiso, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imisho ngenhloso yamazwi ayikho.

Izibonelo:

• Umama ufunda indodakazi yakhe indodakazi. "Umama" uyisifundo, futhi "ufunda" yisimiso esithumela isenzo salo.

• Emgwaqweni kukhanya. Kulo musho kukhona umbikezelo kuphela - "ukukhanya."
• Ebusika. Lolu lwakhiwo luqukethe kuphela indaba.

Kuye ngokuthi yiziphi izitatimende okufanele zibe, injongo yabo ingaba ukudlulisela umlayezo, umbuzo noma isisusa.

Imisho elandelanayo

Lena yindlela ejwayelekile kunazo zonke zokwakha zokwakha, nakuba kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi umusho olandisayo, okhulunywe ngenye indlela, ungangena esigabeni sesisusa noma umbuzo.

Lezi zakhiwo zokwakha zokwenza izinto zimelela imibiko mayelana nezenzakalo, amaqiniso noma izenzakalo ezenzekayo, zombili ziqinisekiswe futhi zingenakiwe. Isibonelo:

• Usuku olwedlule lushiya inkumbulo ebuhlungu yedwa. Kulesi sibonelo, inhloso yokwaziswa ukudluliselwa kwesimo sengqondo esibi kumcimbi.

• Udadewethu walinda ebhentshini ngenkathi ngivuselela ngamandla emva kwesikhathi eside. Kulomklamo, ukudluliswa kolwazi kwenzeka emisho emibili ehlobene, ukwazisa mayelana nezenzo ezenzekayo nokuba nombala ongathathi hlangothi.

Ngokuvamile izitatimende, inhloso yokuhambisa ulwazi, iphetha ngokubhala ngephashazi, nangomumo womlomo ngokunciphisa inkulumo yezwi.

Amazwi okukhuthaza

Kuncike kulokho umlobi esebenzisa imisho ngenhloso yesitatimende, angenza noma enze isenzo, noma adlule iseluleko noma isincomo, futhi kulokhu uzobizwa ngokuthi ukugqugquzela.

Ezingakhiweni ezifanayo zokwenza izinto, isisusa sokwenza isenzo senziwa ngokusebenzisa izenzo ngendlela edingekile noma izinhlayiya ezikhethekile, njengokuthi "ake, vumela", "vele", "nu-ka" nabanye.

Izisusa zenhloso yesitatimende (izibonelo ezingezansi) zingaphetha ngephuzu lokumemeza kanye nephuzu. Kuye ngokuthi i-intonation, baveza:

• Plea - "Ngiyacela, ake ngihambe."
• Cela - "Nginike amanzi."

• I-oda - "Phuma lapha!".
• Ufisa - "Yiba nempilo!".
• Iseluleko sithi "Thola inja yakho."

Ekhuluma izitatimende ezinjalo, inhloso yokuphoqelela isenzo, umbhali uphefumulela ukuqhutshwa okuqhubekayo kwezenzo nokuthuthukiswa kwemicimbi.

Iziphakamiso zokubuza imibuzo

Uma umuntu efuna ukucacisa okuthile noma ukuthola, ubuza umbuzo. Kuye ngokuthi yimiphi imisho ngenhloso yamazwi asetshenzisiwe nokuthi yiyiphi impendulo elindelekile, iyohlukaniswa ibe yi:

• Izakhiwo zomphakathi ezijwayelekile zokuzibuza, umsebenzi wazo ukuthi uthole okungalungile (cha), omuhle (yebo) noma ongathathi hlangothi (Angazi, mhlawumbe) impendulo nganoma yiluphi ulwazi. Isibonelo: "Usuvele ususidla sasemini?", "Ingabe kukhona i-lilac ekhulayo kule nsimu?"
• Izicelo zangasese ezithunyelwa kumuntu othile ukuthola ulwazi oluthe xaxa ngaye, uhlobo lwento noma izimo zesenzo, isibonelo: "Ngabe usudinga isikhathi esingakanani lapho usendaweni?", "Kuzothatha nini ukushisa?".

Kulezi zinhlobonhlobo zeziphakamiso kukhona umbuzo odingayo impendulo ethile.

Izinhlobo Zemibuzo Yemibuzo

Lezi zinhlobo zezakhiwo nazo zingahluka ngendlela yazo, isibonelo:

• Empeleni ibuza imibuzo futhi impela impela impendulo, njengoba icacisa ulwazi engaziwa yombhali: "Kuphi ukuhamba kwe-tram?";

• Imibuzo ye-Affirmative edinga ukuqinisekiswa kwedatha eshiwo kakade kuyo: "Akayena okhethekile?";
• Ukwakha okungekho emthethweni, lapho beveza ukungabi nalutho okubekwe khona embuzweni: "Futhi kungani ngidinga lokhu?";
• Intshisekelo, okusebenza kwayo ukuphoqa i-interlocutor noma ngokwakhe ukwenza isinyathelo: "Mhlawumbe sizobona ngaphambi kokuba i-movie ilele?";
• Imibuzo elandelanayo ayidingi impendulo ephoqelekile: "Ubani ongeke angene emanzini ngenkathi eshisayo?".

Kuye ngokuthi yiziphi izinhloso zokufaka imisho yokubuza imibuzo, ziyadluliselwa encwadini ngosizo lombuzo wokubuza imibuzo, nangomlomo womlomo ngezwi. Kulezi zakhi zokwakha zokwenza amagama ngamazwi okubuza imibuzo avame ukusetshenziswa, isibonelo, "kungani", "kungani", "kunokuba," kanjani, "nabanye.

Imizwa yokubonga

Lolu hlobo lwezakhiwo zokwenziwa kwezakhiwo luxhomeke ekuchazeni amagama okukhulunywa ngazo. Umgomo ukuveza imizwa ebangela izenzakalo ezithile noma izenzo. Zihlukaniswe zibe:

• Izikhalo ezilandelanayo, isibonelo "Iqhwa lokuqala lawa - lihle kangakanani emgwaqeni!";

• Ukubuza imibuzo nokudabuka - "Awuyikuqonda kusukela okokuqala?";
• Izakhiwo zokukhuthaza-iziphakamiso - "Nginikeze incwadi yami!".

Kusukela kuyini inhloso yezwi kanye nesigama, kuxhomeke, izimpawu zokubhala zixhomeke kuzo.

Ukunikezwa kwemisho enkulumweni ebhaliwe

Uma kukhulunywa ngomlomo kulezi zakhiwo, ukuboniswa kwenhloso kubonisa injongo yabo, ngakho-ke encwadini kuyisimo, umbuzo noma uphawu lokumemeza.

• Emlandweni, imisho engeyona impoqo, kuhlale kukhona ichashaza ekugcineni: "Ngabuyile ekhaya ngikhathele."
• Uma isitatimende singumlando, sishukumisa noma sibuza imibuzo, kodwa ngezwi lokumemeza, khona-ke uphawu lokumangala lubekwa kuso, ngezinye izikhathi 3, noma lungama emva kokubuza imibuzo. Isibonelo: "Futhi u-Ivan-Tsarevich waya ukuyobona amehlo!", "Qaphela!", "Ingabe uphelelwe ingqondo?"

• Uma isiphakamiso sokugqugquzela singeyona i-exculpatory, khona-ke ekugcineni kufakwa isikhathi: "Hamba ekhaya."
• Uma isitatimende esinomqondo ongaphelele, siphela nge-ellipsis: "Ngabuya ohambweni olude, futhi yini elandelayo? ..", "Ukudabuka-ukudabuka kungidlile ..."

Ukubeka kahle izimpawu zokubhala, kuyadingeka ukunquma ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lomusho umnikazi waleso sigwebo nokuthi yikuphi ukukhuluma kwawo.