Uphawu lombuzo e isiRashiya, imisebenzi yayo kanye nesipelingi

Noma ubani ujwayelene izincwadi ezindala Russian uyazi ukuthi wadala "iskripthi" okuqhubekayo kwamagama ngaphandle izikhala, ikakhulukazi ngoba kwakungelakutshona zokuloba. Kuphela ekupheleni kwekhulu xv emibhalweni kwavela iphuzu ekuqaleni kwekhulu esilandelayo uma Ujoyinwe ukhefana, futhi kamuva ngisho emakhasini wesandla "ngumhlali" uphawu lombuzo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kuze kube manje indima yakhe isikhashana eyenziwa isemikholoni. Ukulandela Umbuzo wawuwukuthi akephuzi ukuvela futhi umbabazi.

Uphawu sihlehlela emuva egameni lesi Latin quaestio, okuyinto uhumusha njengoba "Ukufuna impendulo." Ukuze isithombe ipuleti wasebenzisa izinhlamvu q futhi o, owaqala kuvezwa phezu incwadi eyodwa ngaphezu kwamanye. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isithombe ecacile uphawu atholwe uhlobo zinyakaze ngomusa iphoyinti ezansi.

Lisho ukuthini uphawu lombuzo

sezilimi Russian Fedor Buslaev wagomela ukuthi izimpawu zokuloba (isayensi zokuloba) has imigomo emibili - ukusiza umuntu ukubeka ngokucacile imicabango yabo, ihlukanisa iziphakamiso, kanye ingxenye nomunye, futhi ukuveza imizwa yakho. Lezi imigomo, phakathi kokunye, kanye uphawu lombuzo.

Yiqiniso, into yokuqala, okusho ukuthi uhlamvu - kuba mbuzo. Esikhathini inkulumo wazwakalisa liphimbo, othiwa interrogative. Enye uphawu lombuzo kungasho badideke noma ukungabaza. Iziphakamiso nge uphawu lombuzo ngezinye izikhathi basho isifenqo, othiwa ubuza umbuzo ongafuni mpendulo. It is ebuzwa hhayi ngenhloso ukubuza, futhi ukuba ababaze ukuvelela yami, intukuthelo nemizwa efanayo eqinile, futhi ukhuthaze isilaleli, umfundi ukuba baqonde isenzakalo esithile. Impendulo mbuzo ongadinge mpendulo kunikezwa ngumlobi yena. Le nkampani kanye umbuzo isibabazo iphuzu lidlulisela incazelo eshaqisayo.

Kuphi akubeka, uma lokhu kudingekile ukuze eceleni le ndaba

Kunini isiphakamiso ngesiRashiya ubeke uphawu lombuzo? Uphawu ngokuvamile ekupheleni, kodwa hhayi kuphela. Sizocabangela esimweni ngasinye ngokuningiliziwe.

• I uphawu lombuzo ekupheleni imisho lelula, ezwakalisa mbuzo. (Ngokwesibonelo: Yini Nifuna kungani amanzi uphendukela ice?)
• I uphawu lombuzo okungaphakathi umusho interrogative ku okubaliwe amalungu eyohlobo. (Ngokwesibonelo: Yini ofuna ukupheka - eyosiwe turkey isobho?)
• Isigwebo kwakwakhe lesi sibonakaliso ibekwe ekupheleni futhi uma kwenzeka ukuthi zonke izingxenye zawo unombuzo, noma ngabe liqukethe kuphela engxenyeni yokugcina lomusho. (Ngokwesibonelo: 1. isikhathi esingakanani ngizolinda call, noma maduzane ngeke ithuba lami 2. naso bafa insini, futhi ubani kungaba qakala ihlaya enjalo?)
• Ngo imisho lemagalagala uphawu interrogative ibekwe ekupheleni:
  1. Lapho lihlanganisa kokubili umshwana oyinhloko futhi ungaphansi. (Ngokwesibonelo: Uyazi ukuthi kwenzekani ku nemikhankaso ukumangala?)
  2. Lapho butholakala kuphela umshwana oyinhloko. (Ngokwesibonelo: Kungenzeka yini ukuthi asifuni kube khona ukuthula?)
  3. Uma udaba waphetha ku umushwana okhonzile. (Ngokwesibonelo: imicabango Different ngokugqamile assailed kuye unembeza obuhlungu, nakuba nokuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi okungenani ngenze okuthile ukuze ngisize udadewabo?)
• Ngo umusho conjunctionless ubeke uphawu lombuzo ekupheleni:
  1. Uma umbuzo iqukethe zonke izingxenye. (Ngokwesibonelo: Ngiya kuphi uma ngifuna, lapho ukuthola indawo yokuhlala, abaphethe isandla friendly kimi?)
  2. Uma umbuzo kuphela engxenyeni yokugcina ke. (Ngokwesibonelo: Zimiseleni nami: kangakanani Ngiyishiyile ukuphila?)

Lapho ukubeka uphawu lombuzo uma ufuna ukuzaza

Ngo zimise ukungabaza, ukusolana, umbuzo kokungabaza uphawu afakwe phakathi iziphakamiso futhi baphethe kubakaki: (?) Thumela amadoda iyunifomu, iziboshwa noma ukusebenza futhi bothe umlilo.

Lapho uphawu lombuzo, awukwazi ukubeka

Emishweni eziyinkimbinkimbi lapho imisindo okhonzile like umbuzo ngokungaqondile, umbuzo ungacimi uhlamvu. (Ngokwesibonelo: Angizange ngimtshele ukuthi kungani ukufunda le ncwadi.) Nokho, uma uphawu lombuzo siphezulu kakhulu, isiphakamiso ngemibuzo engaqondile kungenziwa ethwele lolu phawu. (Isibonelo:? Angimuzwa, abazange ukuxazulula kanjani le nkinga kakhulu nesithakazelo, ngibe isicebi)

incazelo ongokomfanekiso

Ngezinye izikhathi embuzweni umlingisi ezishiwo wenkulumo ovela injongo engokomfanekiso, befuna ukuveza into engaqondakali, engacabangeki ezifihliwe. Kulokhu, inkulumo ethi "uphawu lombuzo" Kuzwakala isingathekiso. (Ngokwesibonelo: Izenzakalo njalo wahlala nami hhayi ukucacisa imfihlakalo, unobuza, abanye liqhakazile, kodwa iphupho iyadida.)

Somersault umbuzi

Kukhona izinhlobo noma zingahle lapho lolu phawu lube "esiphendula esibhekisa phansi." Ngokwesibonelo, amaGreki-Old Church (wasebenzisa iSonto Lobu-Orthodox) izilimi ezibhalwe ukuthi sixhumane phansi iphuzu phezulu. Ngo-Spanish, emi ekupheleni isigwebo uphawu interrogative eyayihambisana yayo okuhlanekezelwe "iwele." Ukoma zibheke ngenye indlela, lapho lihlotshiswe imibhalo Arabhu. Kubhekiswe phansi umbuzi, wabuyisela ulimi lokwakha izinhlelo.