Nizhny Novgorod esifundeni: amapaki kanye nezindawo zokulondoloza imvelo. Igodla Nizhny Novgorod esifundeni: Kerzhensky, Ichalkovsky, Vadskoe neLake Svetloyar

Nizhny Novgorod esifundeni kuyinto ukuthuthukiswa WaseRussia. I sokuqondisa Nizhny Novgorod imele - omunye wemizi emikhulu kakhulu Federal iVolga District. Ngokomlando engaphezu kweyikhulu. isisekelo salo ehlangene isidingo ukuvikela kuphangwa we iVolga Bulgars. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, Nizhny Novgorod ubelokhu esadlala indima ebalulekile empilweni yomphakathi. Naphezu ukuthuthukiswa wezoHwebo, washiya indawo, ivikelwe isimo. It has insimu yayo Nizhny Novgorod esifundeni izinqolobane, aziwa hhayi kuphela e-Russia kodwa futhi phesheya. Bayisibonelo gugu lesizwe. It Kerzhensky agcinele Ichalkovsky Reserve, Lake Svetloyar futhi Vadskoe. Bonke babe izimila ezingavamile ezilwaneni nasezimileni.

Reserve Kerzhensky - umlando omfushane

Insimu reserve kusukela ekuqaleni nemizana futhi 1993 kwaba Boreal ihlathi namaxhaphozi izindawo. Mayelana yimuphi ukuvikelwa ayanqunywa, noma okungenani ukulawula kwakungeyona ngaphambili. Kwakungenxa nje ngo-1993 Kerzhensky Reserve yasungulwa. Lokhu kwenza ukuba balawule insimu ne simiso semvelo esiyingqayizivele, yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene futhi abavikele ekuqothulweni.

Ingabe lesi sakhiwo ku Kerzhents ogwini lomfula, ku Bor nezifunda Semenov ngaphansi kolawulo zilandelwe ncamashi. Empeleni, zonke izinqolobane futhi ezingcwele ivikelwe Nizhny Novgorod esifundeni, kodwa Kerzhensky imvume eyisipesheli edingekayo ngisho nalabo abahlala ezindaweni ezingasemifuleni ku insimu yalo. Njenga nje ukuya zibabaza ubuhle bemvelo ngeke zisebenze.

Ngenxa ukulawula isimo wakwazi ukumisa ukushabalala ngezitshalo nangezilwane eziphila kuzo eziningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, esiqiwini labetibambile ngokuzalanisa zezintaka ucwaningo ukuthi akazange aphile isikhathi eside lapha, ezifana ptarmigan. Nokho, nakuba ukuhlolwa kuhlulekile.

Flora nezilwane ezihlukahlukene esiqiwini Kerzhensky

Insimu reserve ihlanganisa ehlathini kanye namaxhaphozi. Phakathi kwemithi ubuswa AmaConifers. Nokho, kukhona izindawo thatha ukhuni okuxubile - sonwele zikaphayini, futhi leaf izihlahla ezinkulu. The main pine ihlathi iyagcinwa kuphela ogwini Kerzhenets River. Alder, birch, oki ezimila osebeni nemifula ka ehlathini. Ezinotshani esiqiwini cishe akekho. Konke lokhu kungenxa egawula nenza inqwaba imililo - imvelo eyingoduso e-ecosystem self-ephulukisa.

Nezilwane of esiqiwini wehlukile kakhulu. Ezincelisayo Zasolwandle zihlanganisa onogwaja, nezimvukuzane, shrews, amalulwane, amabhere, indabushe, izimpisi, izimpungushe, raccoon izinja, namagundane, nabanye abaningi. Ungathola ezihlukahlukene zezinyoni, phakathi uklebe, kestrel, harrier, crane, Buzzard, uklebe, isikhova, isikhova, isikhova, ivuba, izigwaca nabanye. Abaningi babo bafunana ohlwini ezisengozini. ezihuquzelayo Umhlaba nezilwane eziphila ezweni nezilwane ezifana inikezwe njengoba isibankwa anguis, enesihlungu copperhead, Ukhala Newt, frog. I rivulets, amachibi nemifula zingatholakala izinhlanzi ezifana roach, Pike, Rudd, ongenathemba, tench, eyikati, ruffe, perch, burbot nabanye.

Itshe lesikhumbuzo eyingqayizivele nature - inqolobane Ichalkovsky

Uma Kerzhensky Reserve inomlando encane kakhulu futhi esifushane, enye into yemvelo sekuneminyaka iminyaka engaba ngu-50. Isakhiwo esivikelekile endaweni yemvelo kuhlanganisa amasayithi eziningana ukuthi kufanele azifani. Ngakho-ke kwamiswa Ichalkovsky Reserve 1971. Yena kuhlanganiswe Ichalkovsky pine ihlathi, izindawo ethafeni uzamcolo emfuleni odakiwe nasezindaweni ezizungezile lamasimu copses.

Okokuqala, ngaphansi kwesivikelo endaweni ithathwa ngasekupheleni-inkathi relict kwezimila. Ensimini ka Ichalkovsky boron nazo emihumeni Karst. Lona isizathu sesibili ukuphepha nokuvikelwa esifundeni. On insimu sikhule izihlahla zikaphayini, hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi oki, umlotha, birch nezinye hardwoods. Kakhulu athuthukile esinindolweni shrubby - ligcwele lalesi sihlahla, currant, cherry, Honeysuckle, hazel.

Karst izimbobo Ichalkovsky boron

izimbobo Karst ugcwalise ingxenye enkulu esiqiwini. Ngo eziningi zazo kwakheka echibini, futhi amanye acebile lonke emhumeni. Baze babe amagama abo futhi umgwaqo inyathelwa. Eyokuqala kungabonwa ice emhumeni. It has amakamelo amabili, izinga lokushisa aliphumi ngenhla -3˚ C, ngisho ehlobo. ice Rime futhi engenzi ancibilike. A amamitha angamakhulu kusukela Ice kuyinto Startseva emgodini kokuba ezintathu sivale indlela engena emgedeni. Ngokusho yetinsita kwakukhona unkom 'idlayodwa. Budebuduze yokukhosela zabo kukhona Nameless Umgede nge sivale indlela engena emgedeni nechibi lamanzi ice. Kuyacaca ukuze emanzini isigamu-ukubonwa umngcele akunakwenzeka. Kodwa endaweni oluthandayo abaqwali ukuqeqeshwa - Kuleva emgodini - izitolo legend okwesabisayo mayelana izidumbu zezigelekeqe futhi bazibulala eyayiphonswa ke.

Ukufinyelela esiqiwini ngaphezulu, ngakho ujabulele ubuhle bemvelo kanye landscape, ngeke kube nzima. Into esemqoka - ungaphazamisi mode, evame ukubuzwa yibo bonke ezindaweni ezivikelekile.

Nizhny Novgorod esifundeni. izinqolobane

Akukhona nje zigcine ngenhla idume endaweni Nizhny Novgorod nesifunda yayo. Mayelana 28 izinqolobane, izindawo elingokwemvelo nokongiwa, 102 lesikhumbuzo zemvelo siqukethe Nizhny Novgorod esifundeni. Okubekiwe babe izimo ezahlukene aphoyintimenti kanye degree of ukubekezelelana kubo. Ngakho, Rdeysky State egicna imvelo kwamiswa ekutadisheni sphagnum bogs. Ukugcina echibini kanye eziyinkimbinkimbi ihlathi we Valdai Hills sidalwe Valdai National Park. Ukuze afeze izikhumbuzo ezinjalo nemvelo reserves ku Nizhny Novgorod esifundeni ngokuthi iChibi Vadskoe (laseMordovia) kanye Svetloyar.

Lakes njengoba izikhumbuzo yemvelo futhi hhayi kuphela

kwakhiwa iziphethu Karst Vadskoe chibi futhi sise esizalweni somfula Vadok. Leli chibi kakhulu igcwele utshani nokhula, kodwa lokhu akusho kumvimbe bangazihluphi indawo mayelana 56 esingamahektare futhi iqhubeka yanda. Leli chibi ukhonza njengephayona indawo fun for diving abathanda. Abaningi babo ukuthi uzama ukuthola umnyango womhume kwamehlela lapho amanzi agelezela ichibi.

Enye enkazimulweni droops Svetloyar echibini. Ngokusho yetinsita kwakukhona Kitezh-Grad, lelo phakathi nokuhlaselwa Tatar izindimbane mongolkoy waya ngaphansi kwamanzi. Le ndawo iyindawo yokugogobala kubalandeli kokholo Orthodox. Ngaphezu Svetloyar ngokuvamile mkhuba simbe esizoheha ngaphezulu nososayensi ezivela emikhakheni ehlukahlukene yesayensi. Nazi izindawo ezifana esiyingqayizivele Nizhny Novgorod esifundeni. Okubekiwe avikelekile nezinhlelo zesifunda, wesifundazwe nokazwelonke.