Envelope - kuyini? uphikisana ngobukhulu, isimo kanye nemishini. wezimpahla oversized

Ngokuvamile ngesitimela noma isitimela komgwaqo bethwele lifike, izilinganiso okuyizinto ngaphandle kwenkululeko standard. Zibizwa ngokuthi oversized zidinga kophawu ekhethekile, ukulungisa kanye emakhiyubhi phakathi ukulayisha. Envelope - kokuthi yini lo muthi? Kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyisisekelo Ubukhulu, ezisetshenziswa ukubala uhlobo okusanhlamvu, imishini, futhi uvumele acabangele ndlela zokushayela ezindaweni inkinga.

ujantshi Ubukhulu

Njengoba sazi ukuthi ukugibela isitimela phezu isiqondiso ngokuqinile esinqunyiwe futhi awukwazi Phambuka zungeza isithiyo ezingalindelekile, kukhona Ubukhulu ezithile ezimayelana nezakhiwo, izimpahla, impahla kaloliwe ukuthi babe Ubukhulu ecacile futhi isilungisiwe.

Perpendicular mayelana ahlangene izindlela uhlaka, okuyinto kumelwe ibekwe ku ngimi phezu ngqo endleleni isitimela ngaphandle kokuhamba izingxenye okudlula lokhu nentaba, kungakhathaliseki umthwalo, ibizwa ngokuthi imvilophu bohlu kweqa. Lezi Ubukhulu zisebenze izimoto nakuzingxenyekazi esiwathandayo zonke izinhlobo jikelele injongo nojantshi Railways of Russia nase kungenziwa eziqhutshwa kuphela imigqa lapho imishini kanye isakhiwo ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ngaphakathi imvilophi isakhiwo.

isilinganiselo izakhiwo

Envelope - okungukuthi maqondana isilinganiselo izakhiwo phezu w / e? Ubuningi nentaba lateral, kulo, ngaphezu izitimela nezinye isitokwe kweqa akumelwe ukunweba nezinye izakhi imishini kanye izindawo - lokhu usayizi izakhiwo eduze.

Akhishiwe kusukela izingxenye kuphela kuhlobane ngokuqondile izitimela kulolu hlu (ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza yayo). Lezi zihlanganisa:

• retarders idolo ngoba abaqeqeshi.
• inethiwekhi Imininingwane.
• Mkhosi kanye nezokuxhumana amadivaysi.

Ufaka lezi isikhala ntathu ngaphakathi idivayisi kumele kube izakhi esihlelwe ubambisana ngqo nabo. State Standard ubalula izinhlobo ezimbili zemali kwezakhiwo Ubukhulu eduze "C" futhi "C".

Imithwalo kanye nempahla (Ubukhulu)

Ubukhulu nosayizi wezimpahla ihanjiswa ukulayisha geji. Kuyinto nentaba esiphezulu cross-Sectional, okuyinto kumelwe ifanelane umthwalo ngaphandle kokushiya noma iyiphi ingxenye engaphandle kwezinkambiso kusungulwa. Lesi sibalo iseduze ukuthi we isitokwe kweqa, kodwa has a ukubekezelelana ezinkulu nobubanzi 15 cm (340 esikhundleni 325).

Imikhiqizo izimpahla ezibekwe ngaphansi ukulayisha gauge akusebenzi, ubheke izakhi oversized. zokuthutha yabo iqhutshwa ngendlela ebekiwe ngabaphathi Railways Russian. Ukuqapha ukubekwa lesifanele lezinto uthuthwa mass ukulayisha amaphuzu (sidings, amachweba, ukudluliswa amaphuzu), amasango jikelele efakwe ngalo ukulawula ndima sesihle ukulayishwa imoto kwengoma.

Ubukhulu zeziqukathi

Ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha, ukusebenza kahle kanye nokusebenza esiphezulu emsebenzini ngesikhathi yokulayisha athula kanye ezokuthutha imisebenzi, zonke izitsha babe osayizi abathile fixed, kuye ngohlobo. Ngezansi izilinganiso iziqukathi, okuyinto avame ukusetshenziswa lapho kwenziwa ukuthuthwa kwezimpahla.

Standard amabili ukuguqulwa:

• Kwangaphandle Ubude / ukuphakama / ububanzi - 6096/2591/2370 (mm).
• Okufanayo izinkomba ezifuywayo - 5935/2383/2335 (mm).
• isisindo omkhulu (emaphaketheni) - amathani angu-24.
• Umkhawulo umthwalo - 21,92 m.
• Volume - 33,9 cu. m.

ngezinyawo Amane esitsheni esiqandisini:

• Kwangaphandle Ubude / ukuphakama / ububanzi - 12192/2591/2438 (mm).
• Okufanayo Ubukhulu yangaphakathi - 11555/2280/2286 (mm).
• imoto okwedlulele Isilinganiso isisindo (esiphezulu) - 30,48 m.
• Packaging (ngesisindo) - 4,37 m.
• Umkhawulo umthwalo - 26,11 m.

Izidingo nobungako, ibekwe wezimpahla oversized

wezimpahla oversized - ke zithutha imikhiqizo, futhi leyo mali lingaphandle kwezinkambiso eyasungulwa izigaba ezifanele imithetho traffic, kanye nemingcele lobuchwepheshe wemoto (imoto). Le mikhiqizo azenzelwa traffic lorries abavamile noma ezinqoleni.

Njengoba kushiwo imithetho traffic, wezimpahla oversized kumele uyiswe ezokuthutha Ubukhulu kwako izinkomba ezifana:

• Ngobubanzi (mm) - 2500.
• Kanye ubude (mm) - 20 000.
• Ukuphakama kusuka ezingeni emgwaqweni - 4000 m.

Uma Ubukhulu, usayizi wezimpahla amamitha angaphezu kuka ezine ububanzi, kufanele uyiswe ngaphansi kweso ephelezelwa amalungu amaphoyisa omgwaqo.

TC ukulinganiselwa ukusebenza ngokwamandla okuphehla:

• Ukuphakama - 2500 mm.
• Ubude - 13 600 mm.
• Ububanzi - 2500 mm.

Endabeni ka ngokweqile okungenani oyedwa inkomba, imikhiqizo ubalwe njengenye wezimpahla outsized. Ubukhulu nge umthelela izindleko zokuhamba.

Izici

Ukwazi welithi "imvilophi" okungukuthi ke futhi yiziphi izici zayo, okulula kakhulu ukulinakekela uzulazule ekukhethweni kahle ezokuthutha wezimpahla. Ethutha izimpahla, kokuba Usayizi ngenhla ejwayelekile izinkomba akuzona njalo eyamukelekayo. ngokucophelela ngobuhle nangobubi bawo kufanele kubhekwe.

Izinzuzo zihlanganisa:

• Iziqinisekiso yenethiwekhi ukuphepha umkhiqizo kanye nokuphepha sezimoto.
• Ikhono ukusebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene kwezokuthutha, kuncike izici umthwalo.
• Njengoba varint kungenziwa eziqhutshwa ujantshi kaloliwe.

Kunezici Phakathi amaphutha:

• Ukuba yinkimbinkimbi kwayo ukufakwa futhi stowage we wezimpahla, izinhlangothi zazo ungavumeli ukuze ubone kahle hle ngiyibeke phezu platform ezokuthutha.
• Isidingo ukuvumelana traffic ezifana ne-Federal Service ngemgwaco.
• Izindleko eziphezulu.

izinhlobo zezokuthutha

Ubukhulu of imishini noma ezinye izimpahla, okuyinto idlule Ubukhulu zokulawula, adinga indlela siqu yokuhamba esimweni ngasinye.

Uma i-mass esikhulu ngokweqile izimpahla, kuyafaneleka ukusebenzisa yesikhulumi efanele Inkomba umthamo kanye nenombolo esiphezulu enama-asi ukuthi ukukhonza ukuze azivikele endleleni ukusonteka futhi unikeze ukusatshalaliswa isisindo yonkana indiza wezimpahla.

Ezokuthutha wezimpahla oversized kungaba kwenziwe ezokuthutha ekhethekile (izikebhe, izikebhe, imikhumbi transshipment, ogandaganda iloli anda amandla, ujantshi kaloliwe ekhethekile).

isiphetho

Ukuthuthwa izimpahla kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba acabangele iyiphi ubukhulu. Yini-ke umele, ke okuxoxwe ngawo ngenhla. Kafushane ungakwazi fingqa ukuthi ngosayizi ojwayelekile yilona lokuma ngenhla edinga indlela ehlukile ukuze ukuthutha izimpahla, ikhumbula ububanzi, ubude, ubude nesisindo. Lezi nemingcele kuthiwa ithonywe kakhulu kukhethwa imoto, okuzokwenza ziyiswe kwenye indawo. Kulokhu, imoto kufanele ifakwe izimpawu ezikhethekile kanye izimpawu eziyisixwayiso wezimpahla oversized.