Yini dialectics futhi yiziphi izinhlobo zayo?

Kuyini dialectic? Thina bajwayele akubheka ngayo njengoba uhlobo umqondo eyobonisa ubunye ukwehluka futhi ibonisa izimiso eziyisisekelo zokuphila. Nokho, kwenzeka ngisho nakanye nje. ifomu komlando dialectics kwaqala Antiquity. imibono kaPlato, izigaba sika-Aristotle, le universals ka scholasticism ephakathi, izenzakalo futhi noumena Kant, futhi ekugcineni, izimiso ka Hegel - bonke elithile noma ngenye indlela engene ngaphansi le ncazelo noma aqukethe izakhi zalo.

Yini dialectics nendlela ukudala esigabeni sayo?

Izigaba kubonise ucinge okushiwo dialectics, akha isithombe emhlabeni. Zimelela izici jikelele nobuntu yokungabatholi ezithile, futhi yonke. Ngokusebenzisa lezi zigaba, ungakwazi ukuqonda indawo yonke, ukuphila nokwakheka kwalo, okungenani ngendlela sicabange konke lokhu ukumela. Letinhlobo ukucabanga akhiwa emazingeni athile ukuthuthukiswa wefilosofi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, zikhona izimfanelo ezithile - usikompilo nenhlalo, zomlando, ecabanga. Ngaphambi kokuba siphendule lo mbuzo lokho dialectics, abantu bokuqala wazama ukuthola ukuthi yini isikhathi, isikhala, ezinyakazayo, ndaba. Okungukuthi, ukuza kokusungulwa igama lichaza imiqondo jikelele kakhulu. dialectic Okokuqala babukhona nakwa-a amafomu ukuzikhohlisa kakhulu. Khona - ngesimo imibono nemikhuba yenkolo imithetho zefilosofi. Kunemikhakha entsha ulwazi, okuyinto ziyabonakala ngolimi. Zaba kumiswa skeleton imiqondo abstract. Kulawa, umcabango yefilosofi idale imigomo abahlukene ukuthi yayikade kuphela ababonisa angesabi futhi uqaphele akucaci.

Uyini dialectic nezici zayo eziyinhloko

I dialectic izimiso jikelele futhi ichaza ubuhlobo universe. imikhakha zako ziyizindlela amafomu jikelele yokucabanga, ukuxhumanisa nolwazi kanye ifomu, ontology futhi epistemology. Futhi imiqondo eliyisisekelo lokuthi kukhona ifomu bagxila kakhulu eveza main zokuxhumana yonke. Lena imigomo esungulwe kakhulu enqubweni ukucabanga. Lezi zigaba eqoqelwe ndawonye efana amabhlogo wokwakha ukuthi ukwakha isithombe: olulodwa - ukufana jikelele - umehluko ubuningi - izinga, kulula - nzima, ingxenye - lonke, sivumelwano senhloko - elingapheli. Futhi zihlanganisa definition enjalo jikelele, lo mkhuba futhi empeleni imbangela - umphumela, kudingekile - kungenzeka, nokunye. Ngakho Dialectics kuyinto ngesikhathi esifanayo kanye logic, okuyinto, njengoba u-Aristotle amangalelwe, ibonisa ngempela ebuhlotsheni osebukhona emhlabeni. It study isakhiwo categorical yokucabanga, alo umsebenzi epistemological futhi uyazifeza ukuhlaziywa kwalo ngokomlando. Iphinde iveze izimiso nemithetho kwetinhlavu ulwazi, inguquko yayo kusukela ohlelweni eyodwa kuya kwenye, kanye kuwukuphikisana semvelo sawo naye. Ngo nefilosofi wanamuhla waseNtshonalanga njengoba indlela waqaphela futhi dialectic, futhi izindlela zalo. Ezinjalo njengoba isibonelo zichazwe encwadini edumile by Kuhn "I Sakhiwo Scientific Revolutions." Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona izinhlobo okuqala eNhlangano dialectic, ezifana ifilosofi Frankfurt School (Habermas futhi Horkmayer). Ziqhathanisa ezimbili izinhlobo le ndlela ukwahlukahlukana. Kuyinto mayelana dialectic ka Ukukhanyiselwa, okuvela kulo, ngokuvumelana ongqondongqondo kwakhiwa futhi Hegelianism, futhi Marxism, kanye nezinye - ezingezinhle. Muva nje, abakholelwa indlela mahhala kusukela izinkinga yokubuswa namandla.