Wesayensi yezinto eziphilayo

Uhlelo yemvelo wesayensi, esikisela cwaningo lwezinhlobo ezahlukene izidalwa, isakhiwo sabo, ukuthuthukiswa, ukusebenza, isakhiwo ngempela ebanzi. Ngamunye igatsha lawo ophishekela imigomo ethize, ihlola zinsaba. Njengoba sihambisana nale, wesayensi yezinto eziphilayo ezihlobene eduze komunye nomunye.

Ukungafani kwezakhiwo kungenxa nje kuphela ezihlukahlukene zezinto eziphilayo kanye namafomu ukuphila, kodwa futhi ezihlukahlukene Izindlela ngokuzitadisha.

Ngisho nasezikhathini zasendulo kwakheka eziyisisekelo wesayensi yezinto eziphilayo: kwezilwane ezesayensi yezitshalo nokwakheka zomzimba. Ngemva kwalokho kwakhiwa izingxenye ezifana enkulu njengoba (abakhileyo izifundo amanzi) hydrobiology futhi Microbiology (aphenya nezilwanyana ezincane) isehlane ngokuvumelana izinto zokutadisha.

Kusukela amagatsha ezinkulu suka ezikhethekile kakhulu wesayensi yezinto eziphilayo. Ngokwesibonelo, ngokuphila kwezilwane (izifundo isilwane) kuhlanganisa Theriology ukuthi study ezincelisayo protozoology - lenyama Malacology - acarologists izimbaza - izibungu nezifundo zezentuthwae - ichthyology isinambuzane - ichthyoids. Botany lwesakhiwo oluqukethe wesayensi yezinto eziphilayo ezifana dendrology (izihlahla, notshani) bryology (wona) lichenology (mayelana ulele), Mycology (mayelana amakhowe) nabanye.

Kukhona division ezijulile eyala. Ngakho, ukusatshalaliswa eziphilayo ngezigaba kanye ngokwehlukahlukana kwabo, ukutadisha ngendlela ehlelekile wesayensi yezinto eziphilayo. Isiyalo liphenya emhlabeni eziphilayo namuhla, njengoba neonatology ezaziwayo. Isayensi amafomu pre-ekhona zokuphila ngokuthi paleontology.

Okunye endaweni ngezigaba eyala kuhilela ukwehlukana ukubonakaliswa nezakhiwo eziphilayo. Ngokwesibonelo, imisebenzi ehlukahlukene eziphilayo ukutadisha izitho zomzimba, imibuzo ufuzo - zofuzo, ukuziphatha izilwane - ethology. Izici ngabanye ukuthuthukiswa Embryology ihlola, ngomqondo obanzi - biology zentuthuko. Ndawonye nale discipline ngayine selihlukene laba olucacile. Ngokwesibonelo, morphology, ukutadisha ifomu, libhekwa ku ukuqhathanisa, ukusebenza kanye nezinye izimboni. Kanyekanye kunesithembiso Ukungena mutual Fusion ewumngcingo ahlukahlukene wesayensi yezinto eziphilayo, ukwakha inhlanganisela eyinkimbinkimbi. Ngokwesibonelo, kukhona izimboni ezifana histophysiology, cytogenetics, nabanye.

Isakhiwo izinhlelo kanye nezinhlaka macroscopically ukutadisha anatomy, isakhiwo ezincane kwezicubu - Histology, isakhiwo se-kuyi-nucleus yengqamuzana - Karyology amaseli jikelele - Cytology. Nokho, Karyology, Cytology futhi Histology ngaphezu kokutadisha isakhiwo izakhiwo ezithile abathintekayo ekuhloleni izakhiwo zabo kwamakhemikhali nemisebenzi.

Ngo biology isehlane isiyalo ezihlobene nokusetshenziswa izindlela ezihlukahlukene cwaningo. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho-biochemistry aphenya ukuphila icubungula izindlela amakhemikhali Biophysics asungula kwemithetho yemvelo. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngokuvamile lezi eyala ezimbili okwakuthandelene nomunye, esetshenziswa lapho kutadishwa into ethile.

Indawo ekhethekile kuyisiyalo esiyisa ezifana ibhayomethrikhi. Kusekelwe wezibalo isicelo idatha begazi processing indlela. Ukusebenzisa umkhakha sezivuma ukuchaza izinqubo ngabanye kanye izenzakalo, design zokuhlolwa, ukusungulwa imithetho ajwayelekile begazi.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-biology izifundo kokubili i-theory kanye nama-practical kubaluleke ngezinga elifanayo. Okokuqala uvumele sokushintsha ezindaweni eziningi umkhuba, ezifana lobuchwepheshe noma zezimboni microbiology biology. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, le umkhakha umkhuba wesayensi yezinto ekucebiseni imfundiso yokuziphendukela ulwazi olusha.