Ngasekuqaleni kwekwindla, amadolobha agcwele ukukhala kwamaqhubu, ahlale ephenduka kuze kufike entwasahlobo. Lapho ebona noma iyiphi inyoni enkulu emnyama, abaningi bayibiza ngokuthi "bhala." Kodwa amaqiniso abonisa ukuthi lezi zinyoni zivame ukudideka namanye amaphiko, afana kakhulu. Into eyinkimbinkimbi kunazo zonke yokunquma umehluko phakathi kwe-raven ne-crow. Ngakho-ke, kufanelekile ukucabangela indlela ababukeka ngayo nabanye, futhi nokugcizelela umehluko wabo.
Izinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene
Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi igwababa ne-crow liyihlobo olulodwa lwezinyoni. Baqiniseka ukuthi lokhu kungowesilisa nowesifazane kuphela, njengekati nekati abizwa. Kodwa empeleni lo mbono uyiphutha. Yiqiniso, lezi zinyoni ezimbili zingamagundane, kodwa ziyizinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukahlukene. Isibonelo, amakhukhu anezinsikazi zawo. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ngesiNgisi asikho ukudideka okunjalo ngamagama. Ngakho-ke, abiza isikhala - "khanyisa", futhi igungu - "igwababa". Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba sibone futhi sibone ukuthi yini ehlukanisa izimpungushe ezimpungwini, kuyasiza ukuthola izici zalezi zinhlobo ezimbili.
I-Raven
Lo mmele wethando nguye omkhulu kunabo bonke. Umzimba wenyoni ufinyelela ku-60-65 cm ubude. Amaphiko aphakathi kwamamitha amabili nesigamu. Amantombazane amancane kakhulu: ubukhulu bawo buhluka kusuka ku-800 kuya kuma-1300 g, isisindo samadoda singaba ngu-1100-1550 g. Umbala we-plumage uhlale unesizotha futhi unombala omuhle wendlebe noma umbala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngendlela, lokhu kungenye yezici ezenza kube lula ukuhlukanisa umehluko phakathi kwe-raven nokukhala. Nakuba abantu abasha bengenalo ukuchichima, beneminyaka yobudala bazuza lobu buhle. Umbala wamehlo wenyoni ubumnyama, nge-iris ebomvu, futhi umlomo ubumnyama, ukhonjiswe futhi unamandla. Amaphiko we-winged aqoshiwe futhi anamandla kakhulu. Uma uhamba ngendiza kuyabonakala ukuthi umsila wayo unomumo wokugubha. Ngenkululeko, le nyoni ingaphila iminyaka engu-15, futhi ekuthunjweni cishe cishe ku-40! Ijubhu lidla kakhulu inyama yezilwane ezifile nezinyoni. Bangaphinda bafune ezinye izindiza nezinkukhu zabo, amagundane, izinambuzane, badle amaqanda nezinhlanzi.
Isixuku
Le nyoni incane kune-crow. Ubude bayo ngokuvamile abudluli ngamasentimitha angu-50. Lo mmeli wesibindi utholakala cishe noma kuphi edolobheni, ehlathini, ezindaweni ezivulekile nasolwandle. Iningi lazo izidleke zisekelwe ezihlahleni. Kukhona izinhlanga ezimnyama nezinnyama zaleli nyoni. Grey - ezolile futhi eqaphele. Nakuba lezi zilwane zihlala zibili, ziwela emhlambini eminingi ngokuwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-crow ilula kakhulu, futhi ingadla esandleni, nakuba okunamathiselwe komuntu othize kuye akulindeli. Ngendlela, lo umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinyoni ezimbili, ngoba isixuku sisaba ukukhona kwabantu. Yikuphi okunye okushiwo amaqhubu avela emkhunjini, ngabe umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinyoni, ngoba zifana nomunye nombala wazo nokuma kwazo? Kuyathakazelisa futhi ukuthi isikhala esijwayelekile somnyama sivame ukudideka nabanye abameleli bezinyoni zesimo esifanayo, isibonelo, nge roach, jackdaw ngisho nangemagpie. Ngakho-ke, kuyasiza ukwazi izici zenyoni ngayinye.
Uyini umehluko?
Ngakho-ke, uma ufunde ngezici ezivelele zalezi zinyoni ezimbili, umuntu angaqonda ukuthi iqhubu lingafani kanjani ne-crow. Okokuqala, cishe akunakwenzeka ukuhlangana neqhubu edolobheni, njengoba lezi zinyoni zizama ukuhlala kude nomuntu. Izinyoni, ngokuphambene nalokho, zivame ukuzungeza idolobha ngokufuna amantongomane nezinye izidlo ezidliwayo. Futhi, indiza yenyoni yokuqala iyafana kakhulu nokuhlelwa kwezidalwa, akukho muntu kulo mndeni onesici esinjalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekubalekeni, omunye umehluko uyabonakala: uma ubheka umsila, khona-ke isikhala sibushelelezi, futhi igwavu - elime. Futhi ezithombeni ungabona ukuthi i-crow ihluke kanjani ku-crow. Isithombe sibonisa ubukhulu bobabili izinyoni. Yebo, isikhala sinesayizi encane kakhulu kunomlingani wayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma igwababa lingaba mnyama nje kuphela, khona-ke iqhude liluhlaza.
Jackdaw
Ukuze uqonde ukuthi yini ehlukanisa i-jackdaw ehlathini, kufanelekile ukucabangela izimpawu ezikhethekile zale nyoni. Ngokuvamile i-jackdaws inebude bomzimba ngaphakathi kwamamitha angu-34-39. Isisindo asidluli ama-280 amagremu. Isici esiyinhloko lapho lezi zinyoni ezimbili ezikwazi ukuhlukanisa khona umbala womsila nobukhulu. I-Galki inombala omnyama, kodwa ikhanda nesifuba ikakhulukazi zi-silvery-gray. Amehlo ezinyoni azikhanyayo, angaba okwesibhakabhaka noma anombala we-bluish. Iris cishe mhlophe. Njengoba le nyoni idinga ukuphahla phezu kwekhanda layo, ihlala eduze nalezo zindlu lapho kunezintambo ezigodini noma emigodini yokuphuza umoya. Ngokuvamile, lezi zinyoni "zihlanzile" emaphaketheni futhi zihlala zihlala nezigubhu, okuyinto, endleleni, ezinye zididekile nezimpungushe.
Rook
Ukuze unqume ukuthi i-rook ihluke kanjani ku-crow, umuntu kufanele azi izici zayo zesici. Umbala wale nyoni uhlale unomnyama futhi unomkhuhlane we-violet. Futhi omdala iphiko, i-lighter isisekelo somlomo wayo. Kubantu abadala kakhulu, le ndawo ingakwazi ukulahlekelwa ngokuphelele i-pigment emnyama. Ubukhulu be-roach bufana ne-crow, futhi alukhuli ngaphezu kwe-50 cm. Isisindo siyasihluka ngaphakathi kwamagremu angu-400.
Ama-rook yizinyoni ezifudukayo futhi abuyele ekhaya entwasahlobo. Nakuba eminyakeni yamuva, baqhubeka behlala edolobheni kuze kube sebusika. Badla ukudla okuhlukahlukene. Bayafuna imbewu, bemba emfucumfuceni, banambitha izibungu nezinambuzane. Ngezinye izikhathi bangabamba igundane. Izenzo zabo eziningi zifana nezinye izinyoni, ngakho-ke umbuzo uphakama "kanjani i-rook ehlukana ne-crow". Nakuba zifana nobukhulu obufanayo nombala owodwa, isikhala sinomlomo obanzi ngokubanzi. Ungakwazi futhi ukunaka i-gait. Ama-rooks awela ngokweqile, futhi abonakala ewa lapho emela, futhi izimpungushe ziyanqamuka futhi zelulele. Njengoba kuphawuliwe, abantu abadala asezintwini babe ne-patch ekhanyayo, futhi ngalesi sisekelo bangakwazi ukuhlukaniswa kalula ne-crow.
Magpie
I-Magpie ubuhle bangempela, obunemifantu emnyama nemhlophe ehlukile. Kodwa, ngokumangalisa, abaningi basengakwazi ukudidanisa namanye amahlombe. Ngakho-ke, kuyoba okuthakazelisayo ukucabangela ukuthi i-crow ihluke kanjani kumagpi, ngoba usayizi wabo, ubomvu nokuma kufana nakho konke. Le nyoni enombala nayo inebude obungamamitha angu-50, futhi ubukhulu bayo bungaphezu kwamagremu angu-200.
Umehluko okhethekile phakathi kwala makhuphu amabili umbala. Uma isikhukhula sinobuhlungu obumnyama noma obuhlaza, amaMagpies abe nemikhosi. Izindawo ezimnyama zine-blue tint. Umsila omnyama uhlukile ngethoni, kuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Futhi, ngaphezu kwesisu esisodwa, inyoni "emahlombe" inemivimbo emhlophe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umehluko ungabonakala esakhiweni somsila. I-magpie inefomu elithile futhi lide kunomzimba wayo. Uma le nyoni itholakala edolobheni, cishe, ihlala eziqongweni zezihlahla noma izimpukane endaweni yepaki.
Ukuhlukanisa le nyoni "ejabule" kungenzeka ngezinhlobonhlobo zemisindo, okuyinto isikhala esijwayelekile esingakwazi ukushicilela. Ama-magpi awakwazi ukukhamuluka nje kuphela, athande i-chirr, i-sizzle, chofoza kancane bese ugoqa. Lezi zinyoni cishe azihambi emhlambini, zihamba zodwa, zingakwazi ukuhlangana isikhathi esifushane eqenjini elincane, kanti entwasahlobo zingakwazi ukuhlangana nombhangqwana wabo, abahlala nabo ukuze baphile.