Lens ubude ebalulekile njengoba esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu fotooptiki

Ubude ebalulekile lens - ibanga phakathi iphuzu ezingemuva avelele lens kanye focus emuva kohlelo optical.

Njengoba singabona, yencazelo zezemfundo, kusukela umbono kumuntu ovamile, kancane udidekile. Ngakho-ke, umthwebuli amateur akuyona njengoba kubalulekile ukwazi incazelo lokhu Yebo, izici ezibalulekile ezifana lens ubude ebalulekile, kakhulu ukucabanga ukuthi lesi sici kuthintwa. Futhi kuthinta indlela / ukususwa kwaleso sifundvo ngetindlela kusitholi sokubonwayo / isikrini / esithombeni, kanye esikhathini esizayo.

Kukhona lens nge variable ubude ebalulekile ( "kusho uZuma ') kanye lens nge fixed ubude ebalulekile (" kwamaphutha "). Kulokhu, "kusho uZuma" share on zoom lens varifocal lens. Sondeza lens ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa amakhamera lens nezilandiso, kanye "psevdozerkalkah" (amakhamera, ngokugxila isimiso liyafana ibha ezivamile insipho, kodwa uhulumeni, futhi ngempela ukubonakala ukufanisa SLR). Isikimu optical lens enjalo ukuthi kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba ugxile lonke zoom ububanzi, kushiwo ngumkhiqizi idivayisi. Zoom lens isici ezifana nice esingenayo nokuvumela oyisebenzisayo ukuba liyobamba kuphela iqoqo ezithile ubude ebalulekile. Noma kunjalo, emfishane, kulula futhi ezishibhile zoom lens. Kodwa iningi abasebenzisi ezinjalo "amawindi" akuzona fana aware of imingcele enjalo. Cishe zonke "insipho isidlo" we eziphakathi nendawo lebanga lentengo ifakwe zoom lens.

Lens ubude ebalulekile, njengoba umthetho, noma ekhona igama layo (i-lens nezilandiso) noma encane tsiferkami bukovkami futhi umane isetshenziswa ke (ejwayelekile "Insipho"). Kulo mBhalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba abanjwe, ngoba abanye abakhiqizi ukhombise kuphela ngempumelelo ubude ebalulekile lens, abanye - kuphela yangempela, futhi abanye - bese, nokuningi. Ngemva ukubukeka khamera e ekuphileni kwansuku zonke bezithombe langena into efana "kwezitshalo isici". Lokhu isilinganiso osayizi komugqa we matrix ikhamera Ubukhulu komugqa ejwayelekile uzkoplenochnogo ozimele (36 mm x 24 mm). Zonke matrices kukhona Umthengi digicam "kropnutyh", okusho osayizi yabo mancane kakhulu kunalawo okungenhla komugqa ifilimu nemingcele. Ngakho-ke, ukuze anqume okuthiwa ngempumelelo ubude ebalulekile (njengokuthi uma uphuza uzkoplenochnoy ezivamile "insipho ibhokisi elithi") kumele langempela lens ubude ebalulekile iphindwe matrix kwezitshalo isici. Ngezinye izikhathi, le ndlela ubizwa nangokuthi Ubude ebalulekile okulingana 35-milimitha. tsifromylnitsy usayizi matrix zingatholakala kumadokhumenti eliza ikhamera noma kuwebhusayithi kwabakhiqizi. Kunalokho, ubukhulu uyobheka engavamile njengoba ngakho - 1 / 2.5 "Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-web zingatholakala ithebula ukuzimisela kwezitshalo isici ukuze ezivamile-matrix nezakhiwo ..

Ubukhulu nobude ebalulekile (ngokuvamile bangempela, hhayi ngempumelelo) lens zihlukaniswe izigaba ezilandelayo:

• Fisheye (ngaphansi kuka-20 mm). Njengomthetho, ukukhonza ukuba liyobamba-panoramic ukubukwa, ubungcweti;
• kabanzi-angle (24-35 mm). isiphetho sabo - ngokudubula endlini, encane ikakhulukazi, namathafa, ekumeni iqembu;
• evamile (35-70 mm). I-engeli umbono umuntu okulingana a Ubude ebalulekile mayelana 50 mm. Ngakho-ke, kulesi sigaba sama-lens kuvame kakhulu ukuba kusetshenziswe i-sokudubula kwansuku zonke. Izithombe ezithathwe lezi ubude ebalulekile, look yemvelo;
• eside focus (70-135 mm). Ngakho-ke has a ubude ebalulekile lens for kakhulu Macro, futhi okuthiwa "portretnik" (lens senzelwe portrait sokudubula) ;
• Telephoto (phezu 135 mm). Lapha yonke into icacile - Isihloko iqhelele kude photographer. Lokhu lens kuyoba owusizo uma ngokudubula emidlalweni nasemakhonsathini. Noma, uthi, isithombe ekuzingeleni izilwane zasendle.

Yiqiniso, lokhu kuqhekeka lens obuphelele ngobukhulu ebalulekile Nokho kunemibandela kakhulu, lapho ukhetha yokukhanya wekhamera, ngisho photographer amateur Kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi ihlela ukwenza nale "ingilazi".