Amahansi omhlophe: incazelo yenkomo, indawo yokuhlala nesithombe

Mhlawumbe, ngamunye wethu unamahansi omhlophe ahambisana nezinganekwane ezidumile zezingane mayelana nomfana omncane uNils, owahamba ibanga elide kakhulu ngemuva kukaMartin ukuze athole i-gnome futhi axolise kuye. Ezinyoni zezinkanyezi zazihlukaniswa nobuhle bazo kanye nenkululeko. Futhi yiziphi izinwele ezimhlophe ngempela? Masikhulume ngalokhu ngemininingwane.

Izinhlobo ze-goose ezimhlophe

Kumele kuthiwa zonke izinhlobo zezinsezi zinezigaba zazo. Ngeke singene kule sihloko, ngoba sinesithakazelo kuphela ezinyoni ezimhlophe. Izitshalo zomzimba zihlukaniswe izilwane zasendle kanye nezinhlobo zokuzalanisa. Ngakho izinyoni zasendle zaziyisibonelo sezinyoni zezinyosi .

Futhi kusukela ezizalweni zokukhiqiza ukukhanya okulula ukuzithokozisa i-Italy, i-Urals, i-Emden, i-Kholmogorsky (ngabanye bangaba nemibala emithathu, kuhlanganise nezinhlobo ezimhlophe).

Ama-wild: izindawo zokuhlala

Izinyoni ezimhlophe zasendle ziyizinyoni ezinhle kakhulu ezivela emndenini wamadada. Zidla enyakatho yeGreenland, eCanada, empumalanga yeSiberia. Futhi zingabonakala kuWrangel Island, eYakutia naseChukotka. Ngendlela, i-Wrangel Island yindawo abayithandayo. Futhi isizathu salokhu yiqiniso lokuthi iqhwa lapha lihle kakhulu kakhulu kunezinye izindawo ezisenyakatho, ngakho-ke ebusika bonke abafuduka baya eningizimu. Ngokuvamile bakhetha amazwe ase-US, atholakala eduze namachibi ogwini.

Ukubukeka kwe-goose ezimhlophe

Ihansi elimhlophe liyinyoni encane. Ubude bomzimba buvela kumamitha angu-60 kuya kwangu-75, futhi isisindo asidluli ama-kilogram ayi-3. Iqiniso elithakazelisayo ukuthi amaphiko alezi zidalwa aphindwe kabili kunabo. Nakuba amahansi ayenamapulangwe amhlophe e-snow, kukhona nemivimbo emnyama emacilweni amaphiko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ibala elimnyama eduze nomlomo uqobo. Ama-paws of birds, njengombuso, anemibala emnyama, nakuba ayifushane, kodwa eqine kakhulu. Igoose elimhlophe ngokuvamile linentamo emfushane nomsila onomjikelezo. Abesilisa bancane kunabesifazane.

Izinyoni ezimhlophe yizinyoni ezifudukayo, zihamba kahle, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, zifinyelela ekuvuthweni kwabo ngokocansi, zizama ukuhola indlela yokuphila engaphezulu. Lesi sici sinobuciko obuningi besifazane abakhetha indawo yabo esihlahleni. Kwenzeka ukuthi azikho izindawo ezanele kubo bonke abantu, ngakho-ke lezi zidalwa ezinobungane ziqala ukubonisa ukuhlukunyezwa, ngoba zivikela isizinda nenzalo yazo ngokuzenzakalelayo. Lezi zinyoni zitholakala ekutholeni izinpaphe. Njengomthetho, lokhu kwenzeka lapho inzondo yezivakashi ezingahambelwanga ibonakala. Noma kunjalo, izingxabano ezinjalo zingenzeka ngaphakathi kwepakethe. Ebonisa ukuhlukumezeka, ama-goose azama ukusungula ubukhosi obuthile.

Ukukhiqizwa kwamahansi omhlophe asendle

Ama-white geese (izithombe aboniswa kulesi sihloko) ziyizidalwa ezizinikezele ngokumangalisayo. Bakhetha umbhangqwana wokuphila. Izinyoni zizama ukuhlala emhlambini, ngoba ukusinda endle kunzima. Kukhona ngisho nezimo lapho amahansi edala amakoloni ahlanganisa izidleke eziyizinkulungwane eziningana.

Insikazi ngokuvamile ibeka phakathi kwamaqanda amane nesithupha we-beige noma umbala omhlophe. Khona-ke ubahlwanyela izinsuku ezingu-21. Ngokushesha kukhona ama-goslings. Abesilisa abafaki iqhaza ohlelweni lokutshala, kodwa bahlala endaweni ethile esiseduzane, ngoba nganoma yisiphi isikhathi lapho izingane zingasengozini, khona-ke abababa bazoba usizo.

Ngezinye izikhathi amahansi angabeka amaqanda ayo kwezinye izidleke zabanye abantu. Nokho, leli qiniso alisho ukuthi bangamama omama. Konke kulula kakhulu. Abavele bengatholi indawo yamahhala, ngakho-ke banquma ukusebenzisa izidleke eziseduze. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, omakhelwane abahle abakwazi ukushiya inzalo yomunye umuntu, ngakho-ke bahlanganisa amaqanda abo kanye nabanye abantu.

Esikoleni kanye nabesifazana besifazane kungase kube nezingane ezisizungu, ezingenayo umlingani ngalesi sigaba. Kubantu abanjalo baqala umzabalazo wamadoda. Ekugcineni, ukhetha i-pair. I-goose ayishiyi isidleke sayo phakathi nesikhathi sokutshala. Isitha esiyinhloko nesingozi kunazo zonke zezinyoni yizimpungushe ze-Arctic ezinamandla, okuyinto nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ezingayenza izingane zazo. Yingakho abesifazane begcina amehlo abo kule nzalo. Futhi imifula ingaba yingozi, ngoba ithanda ukudla okuthile okumnandi.

Ukuvuthwa ngokocansi kwezinyoni kufinyelela eminyakeni emithathu. Ngalesi sikhathi, bangakwazi ukudala imindeni, kodwa abashiyi ipaki. Ngokusemthethweni, amahansi angaphila iminyaka engamashumi amabili. Kuyo yonke isikhathi bahlale bekhuthazayo futhi besebenza.

I-goose idla ini?

Isisekelo sokudla kwamahansi omhlophe kukhona utshani obunamanzi. Ngokuvamile izinyoni zikhetha i-sedge, ngenjabulo zidla amahlumela ezitshalo. Amaqabunga ama-Willow, ama-lichens, ama-moss, okusanhlamvu nezinhlamvu - konke lokhu kungaba ekudleni kwamahansi, uma bengathola izinto ezinjalo.

Ama-Italian Geese

Amahansi ase-Italiya (amhlophe) awaziwa ngaleso sikhathi. Uhlobo lwadalwa e-Italy ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Ekuqaleni, izinyoni zazalwa kuphela endaweni yesokhokho babo. Kodwa-ke, ngokushesha ukuzalwa kwavela kakhulu kangangokuba kwasakazeka ezindaweni ezizungezile. Futhi ngo-1975 amahansi ase-Italy aseMhlophe athathwa e-USSR. Sekudlule iminyaka eminingi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, futhi lolu hlobo luye lwasungulwa kuzo zonke izingxenye zomhlaba, ngoba kubhekwa njengokubaluleke kakhulu.

Nakuba ama-Italian asemhlophe (amhlophe) azalwa ezweni elishisayo, abekezelela isimo sezulu esinzima kakhulu. Ngokuzalana kwabo, ayikho inhlekelele. Izinyoni zalesi sizwe zihlukaniswa nokusikeka okwakhiwe ngokukhethekile kwamaqanda okuqothula.

Incazelo yezohlobo

Amahansi ase-Italy ahlanzekile ngempela. Unentamo encane kodwa eqinile, amehlo aphakathi, isiqu esincane. Njengamanye amahansi, izinyoni zalesi sizukulwane zinombala okhanyayo we-orange wemilenze yazo, eqinile kakhulu, kodwa zifushane. Amaphiko asethuthukile kakhulu, kanti umsila uphakanyiswe kancane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo izinyoni zibukeka kahle kakhulu. Uma kuhamba ngezindiza ezimhlophe, uyakwenza ngokuziqhenya kakhulu, njenge-swan.

Abantu abadala bafinyelela ngamakhilogremu ayisithupha kuya kweziyisikhombisa, abesifazane babe namasayizi amancane. Izinyoni zalolu hlobo zizalwa hhayi nje ngenxa yenyama yethenda, kodwa futhi ngenxa yokukhiqiza okuphezulu lapho ubeka amaqanda. Ngomjikelezo owodwa i-goose ingaletha amaqanda angamashumi amane nanhlanu. Zonke zinenani elijwayelekile. Kuphela kwamaphesenti ayisikhombisa kuphela ongathola inzalo. Ukunakekela izinkukhu akulula. Zakhula ngokushesha, futhi izinyanga ezimbili isisindo sazo sifinyelela kilogram ezine.

Isici sohlobo lwase-Italy

Amahansi ase-Italian awabukeki nje kuphela kwezinye izinhlobo. Isici esiyinhloko sezinyoni yisinkwa sabo esiphundu nesibindi. Ama-gourmets ngesizathu esithile ayazisa i-pate ye-goose yesibindi ngaphezu kwakho konke (isibindi i-7% kuphela yesisindo somzimba). Noma kunjalo, inyama yenkukhu kunoma yikuphi okwehlukile ihlukaniswa izici ezinhle kakhulu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusukela ezinyoni ezinhle ungathola futhi inhlanzi futhi ihlume. Phakathi nonyaka owodwa, umuntu oyedwa uyakwazi ukunikeza amagremu angamakhulu amabili wezinpaphe kanye namagremu ayikhulu e-fluff.

Ukunakekela

Ama-Italian asezintweni azithobekile, okuqinisekiswa yizimpendulo eziningi ezinhle. Izinyoni zingagcinwa ngisho ngaphandle kwechibi, nakuba ukutholakala kwayo kunciphisa kakhulu ukunakekelwa. Kuyadingeka ukuba ube ne-paddock evulekile, futhi kunoma yikuphi ithuba lokuvumela izinyoni zihambe emanzini. Abantu abasha bayakhula ngokushesha futhi bengenazo izinkinga. Ama-goslings amancane kufanele avikelwe kusuka kumashilo kanye nezinguquko ezibalulekile zokushisa.

Yiziphi i-goose e-Italy enhle? Ibhande elimhlophe liyakhathaza ukukhuthazela kwabo. Amahansi, ngokungavamile, angakwazi ukubekezelela izinga lokushisa eliphansi ngokuthula futhi ngisho nokuhamba eqhweni elibandayo.

Kubantu abasha ekudleni, kufanele nakanjani ufake inombolo enkulu yefolda eluhlaza. Futhi ukuthola isibindi esihle kunconywa ukunikeza i-peas kanye nommbila. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ngokulondolozwa kwezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezinyoni epulazini elifanayo, ama-Italian ase-Italy ahlala ehlukile, ekhetha umphakathi wabamele bohlobo lwabo.

Abesilisa bangase babonise ukuhlukumeza ngezikhathi ezithile, ikakhulukazi ngenkathi yokuvuna. Ukuze ukhule inzalo enhle, njengomthetho, kusetshenziselwa ama-incubators. Emapulazini amakhulu, amahansi omhlophe ngokuvamile awela nabamele ezinye izinhlobo. Ngokwesibonelo, inhlanganisela yezilwane zase-Italy ne-Rhine ngabanye inika izingane ezincane izici ezinhle kakhulu.

Idwala lase-Ural

I-Ural white geese (Shadrinsky) inzalo yezinyoni ezinama-grey once-nesting eSiberia nase-Urals. Uhlobo lunezimo ezinzima kakhulu.

Izinyoni zalolu hlobo zinenhloko encane, intamo emfushane, ubude obunqunywa inombolo encane yama-vertebrae. Isidumbu sezinyoni zase-Ural siphezulu phakathi, futhi imilenze yifushane. Imilenze nomlomo, njengomthetho, zi-orange. Kodwa ama-plumage angase ahluke. Kukhona ihansi elimhlophe, elimhlophe kanye ne-goose ye-chess.

Abaguni bafinyelela ngamakhilogremu ayisithupha, abesifazane banesisindo esincane kakhulu - kufika ku-kilogram ezinhlanu. Inkukhu eyodwa ikwazi ukunikeza amaqanda angu-25 kuya kwangu-30. Inzuzo yohlobo luyisimiso esihle sokufakelwa ukugubha phakathi kwabesifazane. Izingane zikhula ngokushesha kakhulu, ezinyangeni ezinhlanu ezinhlanu ama-goslings afinyelela isisindo samakhilogremu amahlanu. Izinyoni zidla utshani obuluhlaza kanye nosizi lwezinhlamvu.

Izifo zamahansi

Amahansi, njengezinye izinyoni, ajwayele izifo ezihlukahlukene. Okuyingozi kakhulu kubo yisifo sohudo. Ikakhulukazi kuyatshela ama-goslings amancane, ngoba engakabi nesifo esingasimeme, umzimba usabuthakathaka ukubhekana nesifo uqobo. Abantu abadala abajwayele izinto ezinjalo.

Izizathu zokuvela kwesifo sohudo emahansi kukhona eziningi:

1. Ukuhlukumeza ngokweqile kubangela ukuhlanjalazwa kokudla, ngoba umzimba awukakulungeli izimo ezintsha.

2. Ukwehla isifo kungenzeka uma ihansi idla ukudla okunzima noma okuyi-stale. Abantu abasha banesisu esibi kakhulu, ukudla okunomsoco kuthinta inhlalakahle yabo yonke. Izingane kufanele zondliwe kuphela ukudla okunomsoco ophansi.

3. Izifo ezithathelwanayo eziyingozi kakhulu emaphethelweni emathunjini. Kungaba pasteurellosis, colibacillosis, salmonellosis, enteritis.

4. Ubuningi bama-parasites (helminthiasis).

Kuzo zonke izici ezibhalwe phansi, isifo sohudo sibonakala, izinga lokushisa lingase likhuphuke, ukungahlanzeka kwamanzi kungabonakala, ubuthakathaka, ukuphelelwa amandla, ukuphelelwa yidla.

Uhudo ezinyoni

Ihudo elimhlophe eliphansi - Pulloroz (isifo sohudo). Lesi sifo esithathelwanayo esimweni esibucayi, esithinta izitho ze-parenchymal kanye namathumbu. Isizathu saleso sifo siyintonga ye-pullorum noma i-salmonella gallinarum. Bangakwazi ukuqhubeka emhlabathini kuze kube unyaka kuze kube yizinsuku ezingu-25 kumaqanda. Ngakho-ke, kulula kakhulu ukubamba izinyoni.

Abantu abancane kakhulu (ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila) basengozini kakhulu lesi sifo. Lapho uneminyaka eyizinyanga ezintathu, ingozi yokulimala ingaphansi kakhulu. Umthombo wokutheleleka uyisitshalo sabantu abagulayo. Amahansi anamaqanda agciwane ngenxa yeminyaka emibili. Ukuvela kwalesi sifo kunomthelela ekwenzeni i-hypothermia, ukudla okungalungile nezinye izici ezicasulayo.

Kunezimo ezinzima nezihlala njalo. Ku-goslings enzima, elele futhi engasebenzi, vele ubeke izandla, udonsa intamo yakho. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izingane ziphefumula kakhulu ngomlomo wazo zivula futhi amehlo abo avaliwe. Ngokushesha uhudo olumhlophe lubonakala. Lesi sifo sibulala ama-goslings amaningi. Kulezo zifama lapho kwakukhona ukuqubuka kokutheleleka, zonke izilwane ezincane zibhujiswa. Futhi abantu abadala bahlolwa njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-12 baze bathole imiphumela emibi.

Ngisho nezingane ezisencane zingaba ne-hymenolopidosis, eyenzeka ngezinsuku ezingu-25 ngemuva kokubhukuda emachibini angasebenzi. Amantombazane agwinya ama-shellfish anegciwane, okuholela ekuthuthukiseni lesi sifo. Kubonakala ekubukeni kwesifo sohudo, abantu abancinci, ukuzithemba.

Ziyini ama-goose aphathwe?

Ukwelapha izifo ezinyoni zisebenzisa ama-antibiotics: i-chlortetracycline, i- oxytetracycline, i-penicillin. Uma imbangela yempilo empofu yizimbungulu, sebenzisa izidakamizwa ze-anthelmintic. Ukuze uvikele izinyoni ekubukeni kwe-pasteurellosis, ukugoma kungasetshenziswa. Noma kunjalo, le ndlela ingasetshenziswa kuphela emva kokwelashwa okuyinhloko.

Ukuze ugweme izinkinga ngamathumbu, ama-goslings kufanele aphathwe ngokucophelela kakhulu. Ekudleni kwabo kufanele kube khona amazambane abilisiwe, ukondla okusanhlamvu, imifino emisha, ukolweni wegorosi, ikhekhe, ubisi obumhlophe. Ngenyanga yokuqala yokuphila izilwane ezincane zondliwa izikhathi eziyisikhombisa ngosuku, zize zibe namandla kakhulu futhi isisu namathumbu asebenza. Ukudla okunempilo kufanele kube yilezo zinyoni ezitheleleke ngama-parasites. Ngaphezu kokwelashwa ngezidakamizwa ze-antihelminthic, ukudla kwabo kufanele kubuyekezwe.