I-sea otter yezilwane zasolwandle: ukubukeka, izici zokuziphatha nokudla

Ezingxenyeni ezisenyakatho lapho kunezilwane zasolwandle ezimangalisayo - i-otter sea. Ukuqhathaniswa kwalo kubangelwa ukuthi, njengoba ummeleli wezilwane ezincelisayo, ukhetha imvelo yasemanzini emhlabeni. Futhi lokhu akusona kuphela okungaqondakali okwenziwe kulezi zinhlobo. Ake simazi kangcono.

Incazelo yezinhlobo

Ekuqaleni, kwakukhona izingxabano eside mayelana nokuthi imindeni i-kalan ingubani. U-Otter wayeyisihlobo sabo esiseduze, kodwa ukungafani okukhethekile okwenza ukuba ososayensi bangabaze isinqumo sokugcina. Ekugcineni bavuma ukuthi basebenzise i-otter olwandle emndenini wama-cunies, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo bahlukanisa nezilwane ezihlukene. Yiqiniso, abanye ngisho nanamuhla babiza lezi zilwane "ama-otters olwandle."

Yona kanye igama elithi "kalan" lavela eziQhingini zaseKuril. Iqiniso liwukuthi abantu bakuleli babiza lezi zilwane ngesiKalagan ("isilo" endleleni yeKoryak). Kamuva, leli gama latholwa abazingeli baseRussia, abese beliletha emphakathini wesayense. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngalesi sikhathi, ososayensi bahlonza ama-subspecies amathathu alawa zidalwa:

• I-otter ye-Ordinary noma yase-Asia.
• I-otter yolwandle elisenyakatho.
• I-otter ye-Southern noma yaseCalifornia.

Areal

Namuhla ungabhekana nama-otters olwandle ezindaweni ezisenyakatho ze-Pacific Ocean. Amaqembu amaningi kakhulu ahlala eduze nemigodi yaseKamchatka, eCalifornia, e-Alaska, eCanada nase- Aleutian Islands. Futhi, ngenxa yemizamo yabososayensi, izimbalwa ezincane zalezi zilwane zavuswa eduze kwaseJapane naseBrithani Columbia.

Esikhathini esedlule uhla lwamanzi olwandle lwalubanzi kakhulu. Kodwa ngenxa yokuqothulwa kwabantu abaningi, ekhulwini le-XIX imingcele yendlu yabo yayinganiselwe kakhulu. Manje zitholakala kuphela kulezi zindawo ezingenhla, ngenkathi zingaphambi kwazo zonke izindawo ezisenyakatho zePacific Ocean.

Ukubukeka

Okokuqala, ama-otters asejwayelekile, aseningizimu nasenyakatho asolwandle anezici zangaphandle ezifanayo. Isigaba sabo sisekelwe endaweni yokuhlala, hhayi ngokungafani kwangaphandle noma komphakathi. Ngakho-ke, le ncazelo ifanele zonke izinhlobo zezinhlobo njengamanye.

Lesi yisilwane esikhulu kakhulu: i-calan ikhuphukela kumamitha amabili nengxenye ubude futhi isisindo esingama-25-35 kg. Naphezu kokulingana okunjalo, kulungiswe ngokuphelele endleleni yokuphila yamanzi. Umzimba wakhe une-oblong shape, enekhanda elincane eliyindilinga. Umsila wesilwane ufushane: uqine phansi bese uqondile ekugcineni.

Inzuzo eyinhloko ye-otter yolwandle yimilenze yayo yangemuva, enikezwa izibungu ezinamandla. Bavumela isilwane ukuba sibheke kahle futhi siphume. Kodwa ama-forelegs ayenawo anjalo. Esikhundleni salokho, ziphela ngeminwe enamandla, ekugcineni lapho isikhali esiyinhloko se-otter yolwandle sitholakala - i-claws.

I-fur esilwaneni isinyene futhi sinzima. Ngenxa yalokhu, ibekezelela ngokubandayo amakhaza kanye nesithwathwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhono lokukhulula amafutha phezu kwamanzi ayisithupha livumela i-otter ukuba igome isikhumba ngisho nalapho ibhukuda ngaphansi kwamanzi. Ngokuqondene nombala woboya, okuvame kakhulu ngabantu abansundu. Noma kunjalo, ngaphakathi koloni kunezibonelo ezingavamile ezizalwa ngeboya ezimhlophe ezimhlophe.

Indlela yokuphila

Ngakho, yiziphi imikhuba yalesi silwane? UKalan uchitha isikhathi esiningi olwandle, kuphela ngezikhathi ezithile ashayela emhlabeni. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, unakho konke okudingekayo kulokhu: ubuningi obunzima, ubuningi obukhulu bamapayipi anamandla anamandla anesibindi. Okuthakazelisayo nakakhulu ukuthi lesi silo asikwazi nje ukubhukuda ngokukhululekile, kodwa futhi silale emanzini. Ukuze enze lokhu, uyaphenduka emhlane futhi ngokuthula ulele phezulu. Futhi ukuze ulwandle lwamanje lungamthathi kude nolwandle, i-otter yolwandle ifakwe ku-algae, eyimkhonza njengelinye uhlobo lwehange.

Naphezu kothando oluthandekayo kolwandle, izilwane zingakwazi ukuhlala isikhathi eside ukuba zibe semhlabeni. Ngokuvamise kakhulu ogwini, bakhethwa ezindaweni ezibandayo, ukuze bangachithi amandla engeziwe ekulondolozeni ukushisa kwamanzi abandayo. Kulesi simo, izilwane zizama ukuhlala ezindaweni ezingasogwini. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze kufihlwe phakathi kwamatshe kubantu. Phela, umuntu uyisitha esiyinhloko se-otters olwandle.

Kodwa ngomakhelwane abanobungane, bangabangane. Zingavame ukutholakala enkampanini yezimpawu, izikhonkwane nezinyoni.

Ukulinganisa

Kuyinto isilo sezilwane. UKalan udinga ngobuhlakani izinhlanzi nezigobolondo, azibambe ngezinyawo eziqinile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uthanda ukubamba ama-urchins nama-crabs. Ngalesi siphetho, lesi silwane sibhekwa ngamatshe: igobolondo elinamandla alikwazi ukulunywa ngamazinyo, ngakho-ke liphulwa yizinto eziqinile.

Hunt ama-otans ikakhulu ntambama. Nokho, uma kunesidingo, bangahamba kalula ukuthola ukudla ebusuku. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi kulokhu bazonqoba umfula kunokuba bahambe emanzini. Phela, ayidingi amehlo - angakwazi ukucabanga ngekhala elihle.

Emkhawulweni wokuqedwa

Namhlanje ama-otters olwandle afakwe ohlwini eNcwadini Ebomvu. Isizathu salokhu kwakuwubuwula bendoda. Ezingxenyeni ze-XVII-XIX zamaKatolika ezivela emhlabeni wonke zafika ezingxenyeni ezisenyakatho ukuze zithole ubuningi besilwane esibalulekile. Ngenxa yalokhu, ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, inani lezilwane lancipha ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-80, okungaholela ekuqothulweni kwezinhlobo zazo.

Inzuzo yezinhlangano zemvelo ngesikhathi sayeka ukucasuka. Manje inani le-otters olwandle landa kancane kancane. Kodwa-ke, kusekuqaleni ukukhuluma ngokunqoba okuphelele ngoba, ngenxa yokufudumala kwembulunga yonke, lezi zinhlobo zizobe seziba yinhlekelele entsha, engenasengozini.