Urea. Ukujwayelekile kanye nezizathu zokuphambuka kwayo.

Urea umkhiqizo we-protein decay. Ngesikhathi ukuguqulwa kwamanzi ama-amino acid, i-ammonia yenziwa. Ukuze unciphise ubuthi bayo futhi anganiki lutho, urea uhlanganiswa esibindi. I-Urea iyinkimbinkimbi yesisindo esincane se-molecular molecule esithatha ngokukhululekile emangqamuzaneni amangqamuzana e-erythrocyte namalungu e-parenchymatous. Naphezu kokuthi irea ngokwayo iphansi kakhulu enobuthi, i-i-potassium ions eqoqa kanye nayo kanye nezidakamizwa ze-guanidine ziyingozi. Yingakho kubalulekile emzimbeni womuntu ukuthi urea ugcinwa njalo ezingeni elidingekayo. Umkhuba wokuqukethwe kwawo kuncike eminyakeni yobudala bomuntu, futhi ukuhlaziywa kungabonisa.

I-Urea yinto esebenzayo ye-osmotic, ngakho ukuqongelela kwayo ngokweqile kungabangela ukuvuvukala kwezicubu zezinhlungu zomzimba, isisindo somphakathi esiyinhloko, izicubu ezingaphansi, i-myocardium.

Ukuze kunqume ukuthi i-glomerular isetshenziswa kanjani izinso ukusebenza, izinga lapho urea eligxila khona e-plasma lingacwaningwa. Umkhuba wokuqukethwe kwawo ku- serum kufanele ube yi-1.8-7.5 mmol / l. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isibonakaliso esincane kunazo zonke singabalingiswa ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-14, futhi eziphakeme kakhulu - kubantu asebekhulile, abaneminyaka yabo engaphezu kweminyaka engama-60. Ku-neonates, lesi sibonakaliso akufanele sibe ngaphezu kuka-4.3 futhi hhayi ngaphansi kuka-1.4 mmol / l.

Ukunquma ukuhlushwa kwe-urea kwenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwegazi. Ukuze uthole isithombe esiphelele ngokwengeziwe, kanye ne-urea, ukudala okuqukethwe kungabuyekwa. Uma, ngokwemiphumela yokuhlaziywa, i-urea yanda, le nkinga ibizwa ngokuthi uremia. Ngokuvamile kuvame ukuhambisana nokudakwa ngokwemithi. I-Urea ikhiwa ngamanani aphezulu emazweni angama-cat, ngokudla okunengi ngokweprotheyini, kanye nokufaniswa kwamaprotheni nama-amino acids ngemuva kokuphuma kwegastric. E-plasma, ukuhlushwa kwe-urea kwanda ngenxa yokushisa amanzi emzimbeni, ngenxa yokwanda kwemfucuza emashubhu wezinso. Phakathi kwezifo eziholela ekwandeni ezingeni le-urea, ungabhala lokhu okulandelayo:

• Ama-Amyloidosis, izinso, pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis, isifo sofuba ;
• Ukuphuma komchamo we-urine noma ukuphelela okungalungile komgudu we-urinary;
• Izicubu ezibulalayo kanye ne-leukemia;
• Ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo;
• Ukuphuza;
• I-infarction ye-myocardial;
• Ukuvimbela emathunjini;
• I-Febrile state;
• Ukushisa noma ukumangala;
• Ukwehla kwamanzi;
• I-cachexia;

Kukhona nesimo somzimba lapho inkomba lapho urea igxila ekukhuleni kwegazi. Isimiso sezinga laso esifanele singadluliswa ngenxa yokuzikhandla okuqhubekayo ngokomzimba.

Ukwandisa okuqukethwe kwe-urea nokusebenzisa imithi ethile. Phakathi kwabo kungabizwa ngokuthi i-butadion, i-anabolic steroids, i-aldometh, i-dopegit, i-alkaloids i-rauwolfia, amalungiselelo ensimbi, kanye nezidakamizwa ze-nephrotoxic.

Ngenxa yokuhlolwa kwegazi, kungathathwa ukuthi urea iyancishiswa. Yiqiniso, lokhu kwenzeka kakhulu kakhulu. Ngokuvamile lokhu kwenzeka ezimweni lapho umsebenzi wokwenziwa kwesibindi ungasebenzi, futhi uma isiguli sidla inani elincane lamaprotheni. Ukuvusa ukwehla kwezinga legazi le-urea, izifo ezinjenge-cirrhosis yesibindi, isifo sofuba nesifo se- hepatic, i- hyperhydration, i-acromegaly, i- arsenic noma i-phosphorus, kanye nesimo ngemuva kokuphuma kwe-dialysis. Ezingeni lokuphila, urea ingancipha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Indlela evamile yokugxila egazini phakathi nalesi sikhathi iyanciphisa kakhulu. Isizathu sokunciphisa urea singabuye sibe ukudla noma indlala. Yingakho udinga ukuhamba kahle ekudleni.