I-cuirassier yisisekelo sebutho lekhulu le-16 le-19. I-Blade ne-Armor ye-Cuirassier

Izimbangi zezinkampani zangesikhathi esisodwa zadlala indima ebalulekile empini eziningi ezenzeka eYurophu. Baziwa ngokunqoba kwabo, isibonelo ngaphansi komyalo kaNapoleon Bonaparte. Ubani lo mkhumbi? Ingabe lokhu kuyingxenye ye-chivalry noma uhlobo olusha lwempi?

Amahhashi

I-cuirassier iyingxenye yamahhashi, okuyinto enhlobonhlobo yamabutho ahamba ehhashi. Leli gama elithi "abamahhashi" elivela esiLatini lihunyushwe ngokuthi "ihhashi". Ukusetshenziswa kweyunithi ekulweni kwakunezinzuzo eziningi. Ngakho-ke, ngisho nengxenye yesibili yekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye, wadlala indima eqinile kulezi zipi eziningi. Izinzuzo zabamahhashi ezigqoke izikhali nezibhamu nemimese kukhona kanje:

• Ukuhamba okuphezulu;
• Ukuphazamiseka;
• Impetuosity;
• Amandla;
• Ukunqoba amabanga amade ngesikhathi esifushane.

Amahhashi ayengama-cuirassiers, ama-hussars, ama-dragoons. Lezi zunithi zenza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene emabuthweni. Ngakho-ke, ebuthweni laseRussia ama-hussars ayeyingxenye yamahhashi alula. Babefanele baqhubekele ukuhlonishwa nokusebenza kwepolitiki. Ama-dragoons ayekhonza emabhantshi angamahhashi. Abavukuzi babenzima kakhulu. Kwadingeka bavale ukuhlasela.

Kwamanye amazwe, amayunithi ngesisindo sehhashi ahlukaniswa. Ngakho-ke, emahhashi ahamba phambili isisindo samahhashi asizange siqede 500 kg. AmaHussars agibele kuwo. Isilinganiso sisho ukutholakala kwamahhashi, isisindo sakhe sasingaba ngu-600 kg. Babuswa yi-dragoons. Emagagasi amakhulu ayengamahhashi, okukhula kwawo kwashintsha ukusuka ku 600 kuya ku-800 kg. Kwakukhona kubo abahamba ngezinyawo, kanye ne-carabinieri.

Uhlobo lwamabutho abagibele amahhashi

Ubani oyisigubhu? Incazelo yegama elihunyushwe ngesiFulentshi lisho "latnik". Inhlobo efanayo yamabutho yabonakala ngekhulu leshumi nesithupha. Yenzelwe ukukhokhela izinombolo ezincane zamahhashi ahamba ngamabutho. Ngesikhathi esifanayo amakhansela ayegqoke izikhali ezingabizi kakhulu, ezihlanganisa kuphela izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zomzimba. Babizwa nangokuthi amakhorasi.

Izikhali ze-Cuirassier

Njengoba i-cuirassier yilabo abagqoka i-cuirass, umuntu kufanele afunde kabanzi mayelana nokuziphendukela kwalesi sigqoko. Okokuqala, izikhali zempi zahluke ekukhusheni ngenxa yokungabikho kwe-leggings. Ngaphezu kwalokho, babengenalo ukuvikelwa imilenze nezinyawo. Lokhu kwavumela ukunciphisa kakhulu izindleko ze-lat. Leli qiniso laliyithandwa abahlonishwa abaningi abampofu.

Izambatho zokuqala zokugqoka zazilinganiselwa ku-30 kilogram. Kwakukhona futhi ama-analogue eshibhile, ubuningi bawo abudluli 12 kg. Babenokucushwa okufanayo. Umehluko phakathi kwabo wawungumgangatho wensimbi, ubukhulu bawo, ngisho nasezingeni lokunethezeka kokuphela.

Uma befisa, isosha alikwazi ukuthola iqoqo eliphelele lezembatho, kodwa kuphela ukukhwabanisa kwe-bullet-proof. Lolu khetho lukhethwe yibo abangenakukwazi ukuthenga izikhali ezibiza kakhulu, noma labo ababengafuni ukugqoka u-30 kg. Ukwengeza ukukhwabanisa kwe-bullet-proof, ungaba nezinsiza ezikhanyayo ezikhanyayo: amaglavu we-lapel, amapayipi amahlombe, izigcawu, isigqoko.

Isikhali esihlakaniphile

I-cuirassier iyingxenye yamahhashi. Ngakho-ke empini wasebenzisa izibhamu zombili nezinsimbi ezibandayo. Ezihlokweni zokuqala kwakukhona amabhasi namaskets. Yini eyabasiza abagibeli bamahhashi njengensimbi yensimbi ebandayo? I-Palash - lena kwakuyikrele lekhanda. Kusukela esiJalimane nesiHungary, leli gama lihunyushwe ngokuthi "inkemba" noma "umlingo". Kwakuyi-ithuluzi lokusika futhi lokugwaza elinomzila oqondile kuze kube ngu-100 cm ubude. I-pala ingaba nokubukeka okuhlukile: eyodwa-, isigamu-namaceleni amabili (kuma-sampuli wokuqala). Wayeyinto ephakathi phakathi kwenkemba kanye nenkemba, ehlanganisa izimfanelo zabo.

Kwakuyizinkampani zokuqala ezaqala ukusebenzisa ama-sabers eNtshonalanga Yurophu ekupheleni kwekhulu leshumi nesithupha. Ukuze uphonce isifuba sesifuba sensimbi (umquba), kwakudingeka umlenze osindayo nesikhathi eside. Kwakunjalo nenkemba. Kukhona inguqulo yaseScotland yalesi sikhali. Kwabonakala ekupheleni kwekhulu leshumi nesithupha, lisakazeka kulo lonke elase-UK. Ubude benkemba babuyi-75-90 cm. Ukuqhafaza ngakwesinye noma kumaceleni amabili. Basebenzisa igama elithi broadsword, ngokuvamile nge isihlangu sogu nxazonke.

ERussia, leli blade lavela ngaphansi kukaPetru Omkhulu. Wayesetshenziselwa ukuguqulwa kwe-dragoon, futhi ngemuva kokubonakala kwakhe kanye ne-cuirassier. Ama-blades akhiqizwa ngendlela yefektri eRussia, futhi angeniswa kwamanye amazwe. Isikhali esingu-85 cm ubude sasinephuzu eliqondile. Phakathi nekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye i-blade yaba yinye. Ngaphansi kukaCatherine II, i-monogram "E-II" yayibhalwe phansi ngaphansi komqhele. Izigodlo zazihlala ziyingxenye yezikhali zabagibeli kuze kube yilapho zakhiwa kabusha. Ngemva kwalokho, ama-blades ahlala kuphela ezinhlangothini eziningi zempi. Babengabonwa kuphela emasontweni.

Amakhansela eRussia

Umlando wokuba khona kwamakhamera eRussia waqala ngo-1731. Insizwa Marshal H. A. Minichi ihlongozwa ukuguqula umbuso we-dragoon ibe yimbutho ye-cuirassier. Ngemva kweminyaka embalwa, lezi zingxenye zamabutho ezamahhashi zaqala ukusetshenziselwa ibutho laseRussia njengenhlangano enkulu yesiteleka. Inani lemigomo ye-cuirassier eRussia lalilokhu lishintsha njalo, ngezinye izikhathi libe nesilinganiso esikhulu noma esincane. Kusukela ngo-1860, imibuso ekhona yahlelwa kabusha ibe ngamadrakoni. Bashiya abaqaphi abanezinkampani ezinezingubo.