Umuthi 'Captopril "kulokho? Isicelo, ukubuyekezwa, intengo

Yini lesi sidakamizwa "Captopril", okuyindawo esisetshenziswa ngayo, nokuthi izakhiwo? Izimpendulo yonke le mibuzo ingatholakala mathiriyeli lo sihloko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sizokutshela mayelana nendlela thatha izidakamizwa futhi yini imiphumela emibi bese contraindications ukusetshenziswa it has.

Imininingwane kawonkewonke mayelana nomkhiqizo okwelapha

Izidakamizwa "Captopril" ngesiLatini kuzwakala "Captopril". Lesi sidakamizwa kuyinto inhibitor zokwenziwa of enzyme angiotensin-ukuguqulela (ACE noma esifushanisiwe). Yena is kabanzi kwezokwelapha, ukuze ngokushesha ukunciphisa umfutho wegazi.

Ukwakheka kanye nefomu wokukhulula izidakamizwa

Nomuthi "captopril" - kuyiphi ithuluzi inikezwe? Ngokuvamile, odokotela linqume ke kulabo njalo abaphethwe nomfutho wegazi ophezulu. izidakamizwa Kwethulwa okuthengiswa kuphela ngesimo amaphilisi spigot ukuthi ezibekwe ibhokisi. Isithako asebenzayo lokhu umuthi captopril. Okuqukethwe kwalo kuthebulethi ngamunye 25 noma 50 mg. Omunye iphakheji kungenzeka 100, 50, 40, 30, 20 noma 10 izingcezu.

Isenzo kwemithi zomuthi

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, 'Captopril "amaphilisi imfundo okuyinto owakhe isidleke sakho phakathi ibhokisi, kuyinto inhibitor ka-enzyme angiotensin-ukuguqulela (ACE isb).

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izakhiwo antihypertensive zomuthi ezihlobene nokusebenzelana okusithiyayo ukuncintisana umsebenzi ACE, okuholela ephawulekayo ukwehla izinga nokuguqulwa angiotensin 1 kuya angiotensin 2, okuyinto kahle anamandla vasoconstrictive ingxenye.

Ngemva ukwehla okukhulu lokuhlushwa angiotensin 2 kuwukwanda ngokuphindaphindiwe e-plasma renin msebenzi ekuqedeni impendulo engeyinhle uma ukhululeka, kanye nokwehla oqondile zokukhiqiza aldosterone. Ngaphezu kwalokho, nomuthi "Captopril", analogs okuyinto ethulwa lapha, kungaba nomthelela ohlelweni kallikrein-kinin, kanjalo uvimbele ukudala ezinye ukubhidlika bradykinin.

Ngenxa umphumela vasodilating zomuthi iyehlisa ukumelana Imininingwane semithambo (neuropathy), capillary nhlonhlo ingcindezi nokwamaphaphu ukumelana semithambo kuzo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uyakwazi ukuze wandise ivolumu ngomzuzu ka imisipha yenhliziyo nemithambo ukuzivocavoca ukubekezelelana.

Uma izidakamizwa "Captopril", ukubuyekezwa okuyizinto oqondile, kungathatha isikhathi eside kakhulu, kuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa ephethwe yisifo senhliziyo, kunciphisa kobukhulu hypertrophy esivimba amanzi ka-ventricle engakwesobunxele, kanye kancane phansi ukuqhubeka Ukuvuleka komlomo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, nomuthi uyakwazi ukuvimbela ukuqhubeka nephropathy sikashukela, ukwehlisa izwi efferent arteriole kwezinso, futhi glomeruli kakhulu ngcono hemodynamics intraglomerular.

Pharmacokinetics zomuthi

Ngemva ngokuthatha izidakamizwa ngaphakathi kuye ugxile ngokushesha. Act a nomuthi luqala ngemva kwemizuzu engaba ngu-40-60. Ubuningi esiphezulu kufinyelelwa emzimbeni womuntu ngemuva kwehora lokuqala.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi engayitholi kanyekanye ukudla ne izidakamizwa samanje kunciphisa absorbability yayo 30-40%. Yingakho amaphilisi belulekwa ukuba zilawule 1 ihora ngaphambi kokudla noma ngemuva kwamahora 1-1.5 kwalokho.

Isikhathi isinyathelo emva ukusetshenziswa nomuthi (ukuze kunciphise umfutho wegazi) kuncike kaningi reception yayo umthamo. Ngokuba ukuthuthukiswa ngomphumela ogcwele zokwelapha isiguli kungadinga amasonto ambalwa yokwelapha.

Izici and izakhiwo zomuthi "Captopril"

Manje uyazi ukuthi kuyinto izidakamizwa "Captopril", kusukela esetshenziswe kuwo nendlela yokuthatha isinyathelo maqondana umzimba womuntu. Kodwa ukuqonda ukuthi kungani lokhu izidakamizwa uyathandwa, kufanele ucabangele impahla yayo.

Ingqikithi asebenzayo okuyinto ingxenye "Captopril" ukulungiselela possesses vasodilating, antihypertensive futhi izakhiwo cardioprotective.

Lesi sidakamizwa uyakwazi okwandisa ukukhululwa kwe izinto eziphila abakhuthele ezinethonya natriuretic. Ngenxa yalesi impahla kakhulu ngcono igazi ligeleze nezinso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, nomuthi "Captopril" yokucindezela futhi kunciphisa inani post-Layisha ku inhliziyo, kanye nokwenyuka kwezinga okukhipha inhliziyo.

Izinkomba ukusetshenziswa zomuthi

imithi Kwethulwa kuboniswe ngoba ukwelapha kwezinso ezilandelayo:

• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme emithanjeni kanye renovascular. Ingasetshenziselwa ekuhlanganisweni noma njengoba monotherapy.
• Iziyaluyalu i-ventricle engakwesobunxele. Ngokuvamile, izidakamizwa isetshenziswa ngokumelene nalabo bantu ngubani ngamelwa yinhliziyo futhi manje usesimweni esigculisayo emtholampilo.
• nephropathy Diabetic. Inikezwe kuphela kulabo onesifo sikashukela Uhlobo lokuqala, okungukuthi abantu abangenayo i-insulin nasekuthengeni.
• Zenhliziyo.

Izidakamizwa "captopril" - kulokho enye inikezwa lo muthi? Njengoba yaziwa, umuthi kungenziwa obubekwe ngaphambili futhi asetshenziswe yokwelapha eziyinkimbinkimbi yinhliziyo (congestive).

Izimo ukusetshenziswa nomuthi

Ngokusho imiyalelo, lesi sidakamizwa "Captopril" akuvunyelwe nhlobo ukuthatha kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• Endabeni ka hypersensitivity kuya isithako - captopril. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi le izidakamizwa esebenzayo is hhayi Kunconywa labo ukungabekezeleli kukhona iqembu ecacile izidakamizwa, okuyizinto inhibitor ka-enzyme angiotensin-ukuguqulela (ngamanye amazwi, iziguli ezahlela ukuvuvukala angionefrotichesky ngesikhatsi ukwelashwa kwezinye ACE inhibitor).
• Lapho uzwakalise operation isibindi womuntu.
• Ngo ukushaqeka cardiogenic.
• Lapho wokugaya ukudla ipheshana iziyaluyalu.
• Lapho uzwakalise womuntu isimo umsebenzi izinso emva ukufakelwa isitho, stenosis zamazwe amabili lemithambo azotemia, hyperkalemia, futhi hyperaldosteronism eyinhloko.
• Uma hypotension.
• In izifo immunological.
• stenosis Mitral futhi stenosis yomthambo i-aorta.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sidakamizwa "Captopril" analogue yalesi izidakamizwa is hhayi Kunconywa kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-18 ubudala, kanye nabancelisayo.

Izidakamizwa "Captopril": imfundo, intengo imithi

Ngokusho imiyalelo enamathiselwe, umuthi okufanele zithathwe mayelana 1 ihora ngaphambi kokudla. Isikhathi yokwelapha kanye umthamo lwemithi imithi ethulwa kufanele kuchazwe udokotela kuphela umuntu ngamunye, kuye ngohlobo kanye ukugeleza isifo ezikhona.

Ngakho indlela ukuthatha izidakamizwa "Captopril"? Umthamo (kokuqala) we nomuthi e sitholakele nomfutho wegazi ophezulu kuyinto 12,5 mg kabili ngelanga. Abadinga ahlekise esisodwa ingasetshenziswa ukulungiswa 2 izibhebhe 25 mg. Kodwa kulokhu reception kuyinto efiselekayo ihlukaniswe izikhathi 3. esiphezulu I umthamo wansuku zonke we a nomuthi ezinjalo kuba 150 mg.

Uma udokotela wakho ebekiwe yokwelapha yesondlo isikhathi eside, imithi "Captopril", whose fakazi sibuyekeze ngenhla nje, kumele kuthathe ithebhulethi yokuqala (25 mg) kathathu noma kabili ngosuku.

Lapho umfutho wegazi ophakeme renovascular futhi kwezinso Isikali sokuqala nomuthi kuyinto 6,25 mg kathathu ngosuku. ukwelashwa abasekelayo kuzomele sifake ekwakhiweni 1 tablet (25 mg) kathathu ngosuku.

Uma unesifo senhliziyo futhi kukhona ukushayisana izinso, umthamo kokuqala kufanele kube 12.5 noma 6,25 mg kathathu ngosuku. Ngakho njalo emavikini 2-3 kufanele alethwe yesondlo yayo umthamo 25-50 mg, nge nobuningi efanayo. I eyamukelayo indlela postinfarction inkathi nomuthi okufanayo.

ACE iqembu izidakamizwa kwasebekhulile abelwa kuphela owelapha. Kulokhu, ukuphathwa kufanele abathile. Wamukele "Captopril" laba bantu kufanele kube umthamo ubuncane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, it is hhayi Kunconywa ukwandisa kulo lonke ukwelashwa. Lapho ngampela, ungakwazi ngaphezu kwalokho usebenzise isisu iluphu.

Njengoba ngentengo ke amaphilisi 40 kwalo mkhiqizo kuzodingeka akhokhe ruble Russian mayelana 50-60. Njengoba ubona, kusho "Captopril" buyisidakamizwa akubizi ukuthi ngempumelelo ephansi blood pressure ngendlela enempilo.

Ithathwe ngokucophelela okukhulu

imithi Kwethulwa okufanele zithathwe ngokucophelela okukhulu lapho:

• okusithiyayo of umnkantsha kwegazi;
• izifo ezinzima sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba;
• sikashukela;
• ischemia cerebral ;
• isifo senhliziyo.

side effects

Ngokusho imiyalelo, emva izidakamizwa "Captopril" kungenzeka ezigulini elandelayo ohlangothini ukusabela:

• bronchospasm, ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula, iphika, ezomile ukukhwehlela abakhiqizi;
• CNS ukucindezeleka, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukuquleka, ataxia, isiyezi, ukunsonsotha emikhawulweni engenhla nengezansi, kanye umuzwa ndikindiki ukudideka, ukuphazamiseka yokuhogela nokuthinta umbono, ukukhathala, ukucindezeleka;
• dermatitis exfoliative izinhlungu, ukulunywa, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukukhishwa photodermatitis, pemphigus, angioedema, urticaria, ukushaqeka anaphylactic, ezinobuthi epidermal necrolysis, Alopecia;
• inhliziyo isigqi thuthuva, pectoris angina, hypotension orthostatic, isilethikusebenza, tachycardia;
• ukunambitheka nasiphazamiso, ukubuyisa, ukungakuthandi ukudla, stomatitis, isicanucanu, ukuqunjelwa, glossitis, izilonda emathunjini we mucosa esiswini kanye umlomo, uhudo, ukuhlanza, xerostomia, ubuhlungu besisu;
• paresthesia, samathambo, peripheral neuropathy;
• neutropenia, hyperkalemia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, eosinophilia;
• oliguria, proteinuria, umsebenzi izinso kahle;
• ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo cholestatic, pancreatitis, cholestasis, necrosis hepatocellular.

Ngokusho izimpendulo ukuthi ushiye abathengi lokhu izidakamizwa, imiphumela emibi kungenzeka kakhulu uma thina, lapho ukuthatha imithi ukuthobela ephansi usawoti noma Ukudla usawoti-DRM.

Izidakamizwa "Captopril": ukweqisa izidakamizwa

Ngo idatha ukweqisa izidakamizwa kusho iziguli engaveza imiphumela emibi ezifana isilethikusebenza, futhi esashiwo iconsi okusheshayo wegazi, ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kwegazi cerebral kanye nezinkinga thromboembolic.

izinyathelo zokuqapha

Ngokusho kochwepheshe, it is hhayi Kunconywa ukuthatha izidakamizwa isisu potassium-engashiyi, nezinye izidakamizwa ukuthi ukwandisa lokuhlushwa potassium oketshezini olungenambala lwegazi. Uma singasinaki lokhu Council, kunobungozi olukhulu hyperkalemia.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izidakamizwa "Captopril" kumele kusetshenziswe ngokuqapha okukhulu reception kanyekanye kusho "Procainamide", "" allopurinol "," Azathioprine "noma ezinye immunosuppressants, ikakhulukazi iziyaluyalu umsebenzi so-renal.

Ngo ngokukhukhumala kwentamo zezinzwa izifo izicubu, kanye ezingamahlalakhona ukumelwa inhliziyo, izidakamizwa akudingeki kuphela zithathwe ngaphansi eduze kweso lwezokwelapha.

Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi, ngokuvumelana iziguli kanye nokubuyekeza, umphumela hypotensive we nomuthi kunciphisa izidakamizwa "Indomethacin" futhi estrogens.

izimo isitoreji

Izidakamizwa "Captopril" libhekisela izidakamizwa ohlwini B. Lo muthi Kukhululwa ekhemisi ngamaketanga kuphela kadokotela kadokotela. Isikhathi sokuphila kwayo eshalofini kuyinto engu-3 kusukela usuku ukwakhiwa. Izindlela ezinjalo zimumethe okungcono endaweni emnyama futhi omile, ezingeni lokushisa esingeqile 25 ° C.

izidakamizwa analogue

Ngokwe-isithako ine analogs elandelayo kwesakhiwo sale izidakamizwa:

• "Captopril Verein";
• "Angiopril-25";
• "Captopril Acre";
• "Alkadiene";
• "Captopril Sandoz";
• "Vero Captopril";
• "Captopril UBF";
• "Blokordil";
• "Captopril akos";
• "Captopril hexane";
• "Capoten";
• "Captopril FPO";
• "Captopril Sar";
• "Katopil";
• "Aegis Captopril";
• "Epsitron";
• "Captopril wengulamakhwa."

Njengoba ubona, imithi okufakiwe has a ezimbalwa eliyingqayizivele ngempela. Ngakho-ke, iziguli kaningi kuphakamisa umbuzo wokuthi lokho kungcono - isidakamizwa "Captopril" noma "Capoten". Umehluko oyinhloko phakathi kwazo. Yehluka nomunye kuphela ngumkhiqizi. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kusho "Capoten" kuwufanele izikhathi 3.5 ezibizayo izidakamizwa "Captopril".

Izibuyekezo sokulungiselela

Naphezu amanani aphansi, i-nomuthi "Captopril" ngempumelelo kwehlisa umfutho wegazi. Iziguli ngokuphindiwe wasebenzisa leli izidakamizwa bathi imiphumela zawo ziyabonakala kungakapheli amahora 1-3 emva ukungenisa.

Ngamunye komzimba emva isicelo se-ejenti zenzeka cishe ngo 5-8% wabantu. Abaningi baye bame kwelokuthi lokhu izidakamizwa kubangela ukuvuvukala ezinzima. Yingakho ngaphambi ukusebenzisa, qiniseka bonana nodokotela wakho kuqala. Uma esebenzisa "Captopril" okungenani uhlangothi umphumela, kuyatuseka ukuba senqabe kuwo futhi niqhubeke ikhambi-high blood pressure kwelinye iqembu.

Kukhona impela eningi Izibuyekezo ukuthi "Captopril" izidakamizwa "Capoten" nezinye analogue zalezi zimali ngempumelelo kusiza ukuqeda nomfutho wegazi ophezulu abadala. Kodwa ngaphambi inqubo enjalo, qiniseka bonana nodokotela wakho kuqala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuntu ukuguga ukuqeda umfutho wegazi ophezulu kanye nezinye izifo Kunconywa ukuba asebenzise kuphela umthamo ephansi imithi.

Kuphephile ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa?

Ngesisekelo esibhedlela yesifunda e Rivne (Ukraine) ngo-2010, ucwaningo lwenziwe imvamisa okuba nemiphumela engemihle ekuthatheni lesi sidakamizwa "Captopril". Kulesi inqubo, abangu nge okuncane noma okusesilinganisweni umfutho wegazi ophakeme emithanjeni. Ngenxa yalokho, yezihloko 500 wakhononda amathuba okuba nemiphumela engemihle Abantu abangu-73 kuphela. Kulaba, 53 - ziyeka izidakamizwa, kanye asele 20 - baqhubeka, njengoba bathola ukuthi uletha eningi ezinhle abangaphezu kuka-umonakalo empilweni.