Umqambi, umhleli, umculi nomqhubi wama-Varlamov u-Alexander Vladimirovich: biography, ubuciko namaqiniso athakazelisayo

Ifilimu eyaziwayo eqondiswa nguKaren Shakhnazarov "Sivela e-jazz" sangena ezithombeni ezingaphezu kwezingamashumi amabili ezisebusini e-USSR ngo-1983. Le filimu isekelwe ezindabeni mayelana nokudala iqembu lama-jazz lamaSoviet ngawo-1920. Abalobi babo babetshelwe ngumqambi, umculi, umhleli nomqhubi u-Alexander Varlamov. Kuvela emsebenzini wakhe, ngokusho kukaLeonid Utesov, konke kwaqala ...

I-biography emfushane ka-Alexander Varlamov izokwehliselwa kulesi sihloko.

Izimbali ze-jazz eRussia Soviet

Isizukulwane samanje, esingazi kahle i-jazz, kubonakala sengathi lo mculo we-Negro uye wahlala ungabi kakhulu e-USSR. Nokho, lokhu akulona iqiniso ngokuphelele. Kukhona ukuzingelwa kwe-jazz, kodwa kamuva. Ngomnyaka wesithathu, lo mkhuba womculo wawubhekwa njengombono wezobuciko futhi oqhubekayo we-proletariat. Ama-orchestras e-Jazz adlala ku-Kremlin, ahlanganyela ekuqopheni i-Mosfilm, isibonelo, ezithombeni "Circus", "Jolly Fellows", "I-Girl Hurries ngosuku". Kwakukhona ama-orchestra ama-jazz angaphezu kwekhulu ezweni. Lesi sitayela somculo sithandana nabaningi. Wayezwakala esitolo sokudlela, esiteji sokudansa, endaweni ye-cinema ngaphambi kokuqala kweseshini, ekhonsathini, esekisini, emsakazweni naserekhodi.

Ama-orchestra aseSoviet yokuqala

EMoscow ngo-1936 bamisa i-State Jazz Orchestra, eyayiqhutshwa nguVictor Knushevitsky. Amaqoqo akhe e-jazz ayekanye nabesitimela kanye neKomidi leRadio. Phakathi kwabaculi bomculo, izinhlobo ezinjalo njenge-vocal ensemble kanye nomdanso wendiza ye-jazz zazidumile. Ama-orchestra aseJalimane angaphandle angaphandle asePoland, eJalimane, eCzechoslovakia, eSweden ahlanganyela iqhaza ezweni.

Imithetho yokudala ye-jazz yama-1930 inqume indlela yokuthuthukiswa kwalesi siqondiso eRussia. Ama-orchestras aholwa ngu-Valentin Parnakh ngokuzivocavoca abonise ukuthi i-jazz ingaba yinombolo ezimele ekhonsathini kanye nenhlobo ye-philharmonic, ngakho-ke ama-1930 angabizwa ngokuthi "igolide" le-jazz yaseSoviet. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-jazz band ka-Alexander Varlamov ivela. Ngo-1930 wadala i- "Pervoksay", ngaphandle kwalokho "I-quartet yokuqala yezwi elihlukahlukene."

I-Biography: u-Alexander Varlamov nothando lwakhe lomculo ebuntwaneni bakhe

NgoJuni 19, 1904 emndenini wokudala wazalwa u-Alexander Vladimirovich Varlamov. Ngisho yena ngokwakhe wathi usuku lwakhe lokuzalwa lungenyanga eyodwa - uJulayi 19. I-pier emadokhumenti into ehlanganisiwe futhi ibhalwe ngoJuni. Abangane nezihlobo bahalalisela umqambi ngosuku lwakhe lokuzalwa izikhathi ezimbili - ngoJuni noJulayi. Wayehlale ejabule kakhulu ngakho.

U-Alexander Varlamov wazalelwa emzini waseSimbirsk endaweni enomculo. Umkhulu wakhe wayengumqambi nomlobi wezintandokazi ezithandwayo nezingoma. UConstantin Aleksandrovich Varlamov, umalumekazi omkhulu, wayengumdlali ovelele odumile. Kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi amalungu amaningi omndeni nawo ayethanda umculo. Umama kaSasha omncane wabonakala esikhundleni somculi we-opera, wahlabelela esontweni lesonto.

Ukuzikhethela phakathi komculo neshashalazi

Ukuqhubeka okuqondakalayo komndeni wamakhosi waba umdlandla womculo u-Alexander Vladimirovich Varlamov, owaba ngumsebenzi wakhe. Ukuphila kuze kube ngoSeptemba 1918 eSimbirsk, u-Alexander wafunda okokuqala ekuqaleni, wabe esesezivocavoca zesilisa sesibili. Emzini ofanayo, waphumelela esikoleni somculo ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kuka E.V. Zetnerskoy. E-Simbirsk, izidalwa zakhe zokuqala zomculo-i-waltz "Evenings" kanye nomdlalo othi "Usizi" - zanyatheliswa.

Noma kunjalo, umculo awuzange uqonde ngokugcwele amaphupho ama-Alexander osemusha. Wayefuna ukuzibonela ekusebenzeni komdlali omkhulu. Ngenxa yalokhu i-Varlamov ngo-1922 yangena ku-faculty ephathekayo ku-GITIS. Nokho, uthando lomculo lwaluqinile, u-Alexander uya esikoleni somculo. I-Gnessins. Lapho uhlanganyela ekilasini lokubunjwa namakhosi afana noRheingold Glier noDmitry Rogal-Levitsky.

Ukukhathazeka kwe-jazz

Phakathi nezifundo zakhe eMoscow Varlamov Alexander waqala ukuzwa ijazz. Waya ekhonsathini ye-jazz Valentin Parnakh. Izilaleli zajabula futhi zahleka umbukiso ongavamile nomculo omusha. Ngo-1926, u-Alexander Varlamov waba khona ekusebenzeni kweqembu le-jazz elihambele u-Frank Wilters. Umculo ushaqeka futhi wathandwa u-Alexander Varlamov. Waqala ukuqonda izinto eziyisisekelo zokuhlelwa kwe-jazz, indlela yokudlala, i-instrumentation.

Umdlandla we-jazz u-Alexander Varlamov naye wanikezwa ngentshiseko yakhe yokwenza ucwaningo lwezesakazo. Ngomsakazo owenziwe ekhaya, walalela lomculo ongajwayelekile. Ukuzizwa kwakhe okukhulu kwakuku-jazz ngemva kokubuka i-movie ethi "The King of Jazz", lapho umculi odumile nomculo wepiyano uGeorge Gershwin enza i-rhapsody yakhe siqu. U-Alexander Varlamov ngokwakhe uqala ukubhala umculo ngesitayela se-jazz.

Izinyathelo zokuqala ku-jazz

Ukuhlanganiswa komculo wokuqala ka-Alexander Varlamov kwakuyi "Pervoksay". Uphothula idiploma kumqhubi ngo-1931-1933, uyinhloko yomculo womculo wezemidlalo yaseMoscow. Nokho, izinhlelo zakhe zazihlukile. U-Varlamov Alexander uqoqa i-jazz orchestra e-Central House ye-Red Army futhi unomklomelo wokuqala wezinga eliphezulu.

Ukuqaphela umphakathi, udonsela ukubambisana nomculi wase-Afrika-waseMelika uCelestina Kohl. Ngendlela, indaba nalomenzi weli filimu "Sivela ku-jazz". E-USSR, wamenywa yisihlobo, isisebenzi seMoscow Bearing Plant, iphini leMoscow Soviet, uRobert Robinson. EMoscow, wathola isakhamuzi futhi wafunda ukucula. Wayethanda ikhono lama-orchestra kaVarlamov, futhi, esebenzisana naye, abuye akhiphe irekhodi.

Nakuba ngesikhathi somhlangano wokuqala, uCeltest wenqabile ukwenqaba ukuba enze nge-jazz ensemble yabamhlophe. Umqondisi weqembu uFelix Danilevich neze, kodwa wanxusa umculi. Ngokuyinhloko kuye, u-Alexander Varlamov wabhala imibhangqwana ethi "Yellow Rose", "Lallabye", "Rhapsody of Love" kaWilliam kanye ne "Isikhathi Esikhathini Sami".

Kamuva i-Varlamov Alexander yabuthela owokuqala enyunyeni yeqembu labaculi-abahlaziyi-"Seven". Ngo-1938 wasebenza ne-jazz orchestra ye-All-Union Radio Committee, kanye naye wasebenza eThelevishini. Ekuqaleni kweminyaka engu-40 kwakuyinhloko ye-jazz orchestra ye-MVTU. U-N. Bauman, owaqhutshwa kamuva yi-State Jazz Orchestra yase-USSR.

Ngokuqhamuka kwempi, uHulumeni Gajaz we-USSR waguqulwa waba i-jazz orchestra eyisibonelo se-People's Commissariat of Defense. Iqoqo laya phambili, lapho cishe bonke abadlali be-orchestraist babulawa khona. U-Varlamov Alexander wahlala eMoscow futhi waqondisa i-jazz ye-symphonic ku-All-Union Pop Art Studio. Walungiselela izinombolo zomculo ezenzelwe phambi kwabase-US basolwandle emachwebeni aseMurmansk nase-Arkhangelsk.

Iminyaka ekudingisweni

Amaphuzu amakhulu kakhulu omculi onethalente ayephazanyiswa ngokungalindelekile ebusika ngo-1943. U-Alexander Varlamov uboshwe yisitimela sezempi. Wathunjwa esuka eMoscow waya e-Urals, wabe eseya eKazakhstan. Kuze kube ngu-1948 wayeyinhloko yeqembu lekamu, wasebenza njengomfundisi eKaraganda. Kukhona izinguqulo eziningana zezizathu zokuboshwa nokuboshwa komqambi, kodwa isikhathi esiqondile asiyazi. U-Alexander Varlamov usolwa ngokulungiselela amaJalimane amakhonsathi, alungiselela ukubalekela kwelinye izwe nokudayisa uMlandland. Wachitha iminyaka engu-13 emakamu nasekuthunjweni.

Ngemuva kwempi

Uvuselele umqambi ngo-1956, ubuyiselwe ku-Union of Composers. Ngemva kokubuyela eMoscow Varlamov u-Alexander Vladimirovich wabhala umculo wezinsimbi ezihlukahlukene ze-orchestra, izinhlelo zethelevishini, ama-movie. Ngesandla sakhe sokukhanya, izingoma ezinjalo ze-orchestra njenge-"Hour Early", "Happy Hour", "Injabulo Yokuphila Kugcwele", "Dixie Lee" nabanye baye bathola ukuthandwa.

Wabhala imidlalo: "Romantic Rhapsody", "My Favorite Edge", "Ukholelwa, Uyaqonda" nabanye. U-Varlamov wayengumhumushi onethalente, izingoma ezihunyushwe kwamanye amazwe futhi azenze. Wayengumhleli we-barcarole yase-Italy ekusebenzeni kuka-Adeline Patti.

U-Alexander Varlamov ungumqambi owabhala imisebenzi yeqembu elikhulu, ngawo-1970. Umdabu waseSimbirsk, owabizwa ngokuthi u-Ulyanovsk, wanikezela ukuhlanganiswa "I-Concert ye-trumpet ne-orchestra" ngo-1986. Wasebenza kanzima ekwenzeni amasu nokuhlanganisa abaculi bedlala, okwaholela ekwandeni okukhulu kwezobuchwepheshe e-jazz yaseSoviet futhi kwathonya ukuthuthukiswa kwe-jazz e-USSR. Ekupheleni kokuphila kwakhe, u-Alexander Varlamov wayehlala eMoscow esifundeni saseBirevo, futhi ngo-1979 wanikezwa isihloko esithi "Umculi Ohlonishwayo we-RSFSR." Umqambi washona ngo-Agasti 20, 1990, wangcwatshwa eMathuneni aseDomodedovo.