Umlando of the Prophet Muhammad. izinsuku ezisemqoka futhi izenzakalo zokuphila, Biography emfushane

Islam - ingenye zezinhlangano zenkolo ethandwa kakhulu emhlabeni. Kuze kube manje, bangu-ke inabalandeli abangaphezu kwezigidi eziyinkulungwane emhlabeni wonke. Umsunguli futhi umprofethi omkhulu bale nkolo ungowokuzalwa of izizwe zama-Arabhu okuthiwa Mohammed. ukuphila kwakhe - ngezimpi vulamehlo - uzobe okuxoxwe ngazo kulesi sihloko.

Ukuzalwa futhi sasebuntwaneni umsunguli Islam

Ukuzalwa of the Prophet Muhammad - umcimbi kubaluleke kakhulu amaSulumane. Kwakuwusuku ngonyaka 570 (noma ngakho) emzini Mecca, elisetendeni banamuhla Saudi Arabia. Ekuqaleni weza umshumayeli esizayo kusukela isizwe enethonya elikhulu Quraish - abagcini zezinto izinkolo ezizibheka njengezingcwele Arab, eyisikhulu phakathi okwakukhona Kaaba, mayelana nokuthi iziphi izinhlelo ngaphezulu uzobe wathi ngezansi.

Mohammed elahlekile abazali bakhe kusesenesikhathi. Ubaba akalokothi abaziyo, lokhu wafa ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwendodana yakhe, futhi unina eshona lapho umprofethi esizayo kwaba ngokulambisa eyisithupha ubudala. Ngakho-ke kwenza umkhulu womfana wakhe. Ngaphansi kwethonya kumkhulu wakhe lo Mohammed abasha ngokujulile benamandla umqondo monotheism, nakuba iningi labantu bakubo abathi zobuqaba, ukukhulekela onkulunkulu abaningi bonke onkulunkulu Arab lasendulo. Yilokho waqala emlandweni wenkolo of the Prophet Muhammad.

Youth womprofethi esizayo futhi umshado wokuqala

Lapho umfana ekhula, umalume wakhe wamethula ibhizinisi labo zokuhweba. Mangisho ukuthi baphumelela Mohammed ngokwanele uye wathola ukuhlonishwa nokwethenjwa phakathi abantu bayo. Amacala ngaphansi kwesandla sakhe wahamba kahle kangangokuba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngisho baba nokuphatha kwezentengiselwano komunye wesifazane ocebile okuthiwa Khadijah. ukuwa Kugcine uthandana abasha engumthengisi Mohammed ubuhlobo ibhizinisi kancane kancane yaba siqu. Abazange ubuhlungu njengoba Khadijah engumfelokazi, ekugcineni, uMuhammad engumkabo. inyunyana wajabula, lo mbhangqwana wahlala uthando nozwano. Kule umshado uMprofethi nginezingane eziyisithupha.

Impilo zenkolo uMprofethi ebusheni bakhe

Muhammad njalo kwadingeka ehlonipha. Wacabanga eziningi izinto zaphezulu futhi ngokuvamile zinhlanga zomkhuleko. Waduma zakhipha ngokwezifiso njalo ngonyaka kuze kuphele isikhathi eside ezintabeni ukufihla emhumeni, khona ukuchitha isikhathi ngokukhuleka nangokuzila ukudla. Umlando okwalandela of the Prophet Muhammad ihlobene eduze kwelinye lalawa ezikhoselweni owavela ku ngonyaka 610. Yabe mayelana neminyaka emashumi mane engukumkani. Naphezu yobudala bayo ovuthiwe kakade, Muhammad kwaba evulekile nakho ezintsha. Futhi kulo nyaka waba unyaka wenguquko ngaye. Ungase uthi ngisho ukuthi ngaleso sikhathi labetibambile ukuzalwa of the Prophet Muhammad yesibili, wazalwa njengomprofethi, njengoba umholi wenkolo kanye nomshumayeli.

KaGabriyeli IsAmbulo (Jabr)

Kafushane, uMuhammad ngasinda umhlangano Gabriel (Dzhabriilom e umbhalo Arabhu) - ingelosi eyinhloko aziwa amabhuku zobuJuda nezobuKristu. Lesi sakamuva, njengoba amaSulumane bakholelwa yathunywa nguNkulunkulu ukuvula umprofethi entsha, amagama ambalwa ukuthi yokugcina wayalelwa ukuba ufunde. Bona, ngokuvumelana nezinkolelo Islamic, futhi imigqa yokuqala ngobunyoninco - umbhalo engcwele for Muslims.

Esikhathini esizayo, Gabriel, okwethulwa ezihlukahlukene guises, noma umane Kubonakala ngezwi bamisa Muhammad imiyalelo nemiyalo zivela phezulu, ukuthi uvela kuNkulunkulu, okuyinto in Arabic ubizwa ngokuthi u-Allah. Nkosi Kugcine wazembula Muhammad, wokuqala owakhuluma abaprofethi bakwa-Israyeli noJesu Kristu. kwavela Ngakho eyesithathu inkolo Abrahama - Islam. The Prophet Muhammad kwaba okufanayo njengoba umsunguli wayo uqobo futhi engumshumayeli ovuthayo.

Life after Muhammad waqala ukushumayela

Umlando okwalandela of the Prophet Muhammad ukhishwa nhlekelele. Ngenxa yokushumayela yayo ophikelelayo, wathola izitha eziningi. Yena kuphendukela bakhe abangu ngaphansi bazoyiduba yi bakubo. AmaSulumane Abaningi babesezindaweni kamuva ophoqelelwe ukuba bafune isiphephelo Abyssinia, lapho ngesihe uvikelekile yinkosi yobuKristu.

Ngonyaka 619 bafa Khadija - umprofethi womshado kweqiniso. Ngemva ke wafa, futhi umalume yomprofethi, owalwela umshana wayo ngokunqoba esizwe uthukuthele. Ukuze ugweme ubudlova nokushushiswa izitha, uMuhammad kwadingeka ashiye Mecca lwakubo. Wazama ukuthola indawo ehlala edolobheni eliseduze Arab Ta'if, kodwa ngisho nalapho yena ayizange yamukelwe. Ngakho-ke, engozini sakhe, waphoqwa ukuba ubuyele.

ngokushesha Prophet ungene emshadweni wesibili naye siguqukele ngegama Saud. Khona-ke, ngokwesiko Arab isithembu, kulandele Saud uthola omunye umfazi - Ayesha.

IsAmbulo eJerusalema

Ngawo lowo nyaka kwenzeka esinye isenzakalo, lapho ivinjiwe zonke kungaba inhlekelele olutholwa the Prophet Muhammad. Indaba yokuphila kwakhe, e 619, washukumiseleka ngokuyisimangaliso phakathi kobusuku eJerusalema, lapho Gabriel wahambisana naye isibhakabhaka wayivula kanjani indlela eya esihlalweni sobukhosi oPhezukonke. Ngalobu busuku, wabonakala phambi kukaNkulunkulu ngathola ukulaywa enemininingwane ngomthandazo, okuyinto eyaba saziso isiko eyabekwa nganoma yisiphi Muslim. Namhlanje njengoba umthandazo aziwa yezinsika Islam.

Nokuthutha uMprofethi kusukela naseMecca Yathrib

UMalume Muhammad wafa, lona wamuva wayeqaphela kahle ukuthi manje akekho ukuvikela, futhi ezinobutha Quraysh abulawe ngokushesha noma kamuva. Ngakho-ke, waphinde wanquma yawoyise. Ngalesi sikhathi, Muhammad wakhetha njengoba emzini wakubo entsha Yathrib, lapho sekuyisikhathi eside wamema gradopravitel, benamandla entshumayelweni yakhe. Lapho uMprofethi bangena emzini, izakhamizi waphuma ukumhlangabeza, ihlombe. Bonke babeyizinceku ukumhambisela ikhaya njengendawo yokukhosela, ukuhlonipha ukuthi kuyilungelo yena Muhammad wahlala ngaphansi kophahla lwayo. Prophet zamaMuslim, ngokusobala ishaqeke izihambi ezinjalo, ahlinzekwa ukuba enze ukukhetha ... ikamela yakho. Animal enyuka emigwaqweni yomuzi futhi sima isayithi nge isigaxa samakhiwane omisiwe. Le ndawo ngokushesha ethulwa umprofethi, kangangokuthi angabangela ukwakha indlu kuso. Lihlanzekile leli dolobha futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo uqambe kabusha Medina, okusho ukuthi "iNdlu umProfethi." Izakhamuzi wanika Muhammad njengegunya eliphakeme futhi ilungelo lokwahlulela abantu kuka umprofethi yokugcina yosuku zakala - washeshe yamemezela yena njengoba ikhanda futhi umholi zabantwana Medina.

Medina ngaphansi kwegunya Muhammad

IBhodi Muhammad ngo Medina ekuqaleni kwakungemnandi ngempela esithambile. Wabenqabela izimpi zenkolo futhi imemezele ukuthi Medina wonke umuntu angakwazi obala ayiphile impilo yokukholwa ngaphandle kokwesaba ukushushiswa. Ngokuphathelene Muhammad yezwe kwaba nakho kuyiqiniso, nakuba abengesuye umbusi onomusa kakhulu. Noma kunjalo, zonke izenzo zakhe ilawulwe umuzwa zenkolo, okwakubekelwa ngokuphelele ugxile ukusabalala Islam.

ukuphila Siqu ka umprofethi wawakhuluma ngaphansi nesizotha. Ngamandla alo nengcebo, it is elisendaweni indlu ezincane zobumba nomkabo. Akazange abe amakamelo ngasese, izinceku eziningi, futhi zonke izinhlobo zokunethezeka eziye njalo zihlukaniswa ababusi Eastern. Wachitha usuku lonke ensimini yakhe, lapho abalandeli bakhe wabuthana ndawonye uzolalela izimfundiso zenkolo futhi zithandaze. Futhi yahlupheka isikhathi eside ebusuku lwakhe ngokuphindaphindiwe ngomthandazo, ngokuvamile ekwenqabeleni ngokwabo ngephupho. Umlando of the Prophet Muhammad ugcwele iziqephu efanayo.

I-Conquest Mecca

Ngo Medina, lo mprofethi waba konke - amandla, isimo, abalandeli. Noma kunjalo, waphupha ukubuyela naseMecca. Ngakho wayaleza Allah. Umprofethi Mohammed isinqumo ukuqalisa le inhloso ngonyaka 628. Bekanye 1400 zabo ezimfushane, bengahlomile ngokuphelele, wasondela izindonga eMecca. Kwakungekhona ukunqoba, kodwa isenzo pilgrimage zenkolo. Zonke amaSulumane ababevela Medina, abangu sigqoke izembatho ezimhlophe. Kodwa, iziphathimandla zedolobha namanje wenqabile ukungidedela ukuba nabo, ngakho imihlatshelo okuhleliwe baletha emijondolo eseduze ngokuthi Hudaybiya bese umhlala emuva Medina.

Noma kunjalo, uMuhammad kwesokunxele inhloso yakhe ukuba anqobe eMecca. Ekubuyeleni kwakhe e-Madinah, waqala ukuthuthukisa isu layo ukunqotshwa. Ukuphikelela ngisho inkani, wayengabhekiseli ukuba luthathe - lena isithombe of the Prophet Muhammad emlandweni, futhi kuba impela kweqiniso. Nokho, le mfanelo iye yathela izithelo. Ngo-629, uMprofethi wahola eziyishumi-senkulungwane ibutho Muslim waya Medina. Isizathu esisemthethweni salokhu sasiwukuhlasela sezizwe zakwa Meccan Arab ababengenabani umfelandawonye amaSulumane. Sise ngezinyawo komuzi, Muhammad zilinda. Ibutho asesandleni sakhe ngaleso sikhathi nje omkhulu. Ngakho-ke Mecca umaluju ngaphandle kokulwa, futhi Muhammad bangena emzini njengoba victor.

Ukuvunyelwa Hajj

Umfanekiso lomprofethi uMuhammad njengoba umuntu othile oshisekela inkolo akuyona ngephutha. Eselinqobile Mecca, waya hhayi isimo namahhovisi kahulumeni, hhayi endaweni yengcebo futhi ekwahluleleni. Lutho neze wangena ezindongeni zomuzi, uMuhammad baphuthuma ngqo Kaaba. Yena uyakuba beat kasikhombisa, bese ingena, yabhubhisa zonke eziqoshiwe yobuqaba. Ngemva kwalokho, uhambo ukuze Kaaba kwaba isiko ezibalulekile. Muhammad waze njengoba AmaSulumane akholelwa, wathola isiqondiso akhethekile awanikezwe uNkulunkulu mayelana nendlela ukwenza lesi senzo. yena ngokufanele wakwenza kanye kuphela - ngonyaka ka-632. Kumemori zomhlaba Muslim libizwa ngokuthi "Hadzhat Al-Vida," okusho ukuthi, "pilgrimage zokugcina". Njalo ozalweni ezingokomoya of the Prophet Muhammad besilisa ubophekile ukuphinda ekuphileni kwakhe kuwuhambo ukuze Kaaba okungenani kanye.

Eminyakeni yokugcina ngokuphila nangokufa kwakhe uMprofethi

Eminyakeni yokugcina impilo ka Muhammad wachitha nasekuguleni. Odokotela wazama waze wancama ukuyiphulukisa, kepha bahluleka. UMthandazo othembekile, njengoba uMprofethi yena, futhi yaba nhlanga zimuka nomoya.

Njengoba amabutho ka Muhammad wazama iqhaza ekuphileni okungokwenkolo kwabantu bomphakathi wabo. Wayehola imithandazo futhi washumayela. Elokugcina wakhululwa ku Mount Arafat.

Lapho uMprofethi Muhammad wafa yena wayeneminyaka engamashumi ayisithupha nantathu. Kukholakala ukuthi amazwi akhe okugcina kwaba le nkulumo kanje: ". Mina wayemiselwe ukuba uhlale e ipharadesi phakathi efanelwe kakhulu"