Umkhawulo ukukhula Intrauterine: izimbangela, uphethwe, ukuphathwa, imiphumela

Cishe owesifazane oyedwa kwabayishumi e isikhundla udokotela kwenza ukuxilongwa "fetus ukukhula intrauterine retardation '(IUGR). Lo chwepheshe inquma khona kwezinso libhekene ukuguquguquka encane osayizi izinkomba okujwayelekile ngesonto inikezwe yentuthuko. Kanjani ngempela yingozi le zokugula futhi lisongela indlela ingane, kubalulekile ukwazi njalo umama, ngoba imihlola efana ngokuphelele akekho iphephile.

Kuyini IUGR?

Intrauterine kwengane esiswini, ngokuvamile kutholakala ukuthi uphethwe yini ngesisekelo ultrasound. Pathology kunqunywa uma ingane ukala engaphansi kuka-standard amazinga, ejwayelekile kulesi sikhathi yentuthuko. Zokwelapha, besebenzisa ithebula eziklanyelwe equkethe isisindo izithelo ngokuhambisana yobudala bayo sokukhulelwa, ie isikhathi kusuka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Lokhu kulinganisela ngokuvamile kunqunywa emasontweni. Ngamanye amazwi, kukhona ezinye imithetho ngayinye engu sokukhulelwa. Iyunithi eziyisisekelo ukumeda amatafula ezifana - iphesenti. Uma isithelo lingaphansi kuka 10 iphesenti kwaleli thebula, udokotela kuqinisekisa khona egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo.

Intrauterine retardation ukukhula: Izimbangela

Ngezinye izikhathi sitholakele abazali IUGR akufanele ukhathazeke. Kuqondane ukuthi umntwana wakhe esezelwe usayizi encane, njengoba uyise nonina akuzona ubude kakhulu. Lesi sici bokuphila akuphazamisi umsebenzi wengane, ukuthuthukiswa yakhe engokwengqondo nengokomzimba. Ngesikhathi ekhulelwe futhi emva ukuzalwa komntwana ayidingi yokwelapha esinda lokugcilwe kuto ngco.

Kuzo zonke ezinye izimo kufanele kube ukuba unake okukhethekile uphethwe. Lesi simo kungaholela kwezinso ekukhuleni kwengane noma ngisho ukufa fetus. IUGR kungase kubonise ukuthi umntwana usesibelethweni abangondlekile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi-ke ongawamukeli ukukhuphuka elanele nomsoco kanye nomoya-mpilo. kwamaphutha yokudla okunempilo ngokuvamile ngenxa yezizathu ezilandelayo:

• Engalungile chromosome isethi.
• imikhuba lomama ezimbi (ukubhema, ukuphuza utshwala nezidakamizwa).
• izifo Pathogenic (umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukuntuleka kwegazi emzimbeni, izifo kohlelo eziphathelene nenhliziyo).
• ukuma okungafanele kanye ukubunjwa okwalandela umzanyana.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, odokotela Ukushayela inombolo yezinye izizathu, okungase futhi avuse retardation syndrome kwengane esiswini:

• nokukhulelwa izingane eziningi ngasikhathi.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ngaphandle kadokotela.
• Ukuzalwa ngemva kwamasonto 42.
• Ukungondleki kahle. Abesifazane abaningi ungafuni ngcono ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngakho enyuka ngokwakho ukudla. Ngakho bayivusa Ukuwohloka umzimba, okuholela ukuthuthukiswa zokugula.
• ubunjalo ezithathelwanayo lesi sifo (toxoplasmosis, rubella, ugcunsula).

emitholampilo isithombe

Ziyini izimpawu ephelezelwa intrauterine ukukhula retardation? izimpawu sokugembula zivame ukubonakala ekuqaleni sokukhulelwa (cishe 24-26 amasonto). Nquma owesifazane yabo akakwazi, ungasenzela kuphela udokotela. IUGR sifo sitholakale non-ukuhambisana nezinkomba ezilandelayo:

• Usayizi ikhanda futhi le femoral umntwana.
• selilonke besisu ezingeni elithile, ukuphakama fundus lesizalo.
• Umqulu-amniotic fluid.
• ukusebenza Ukwephulwa placenta (ekushintsheni isimo sawo futhi Ubukhulu).
• FHR.
• ukugeleza kwegazi e-placenta futhi umzanyana.

Kwezinye izimo, lo zokugula eba ngokushesha futhi iqhubeka ngaphandle thuthuva, okungukuthi asymptomatic.

kobukhulu

• I degree. Intrauterine ukukhula retardation 1 degree ubhekwa lula, njengoba lag kakhulu ekuthuthukeni idatha anthropometric, elihambisana kwenkathi ethile sokukhulelwa amasonto amabili kuphela. ekuphathweni Esifike Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ungalunga ukunciphisa amathuba nemiphumela emibi ingane.
• degree II. Ukuthuthukiswa Ukuboshwa imayelana 3-4 amasonto, okwenza sidinge ukwelashwa sina.
• III degree. Kuthathwa ifomu olunzima umbungu ngenxa ipharamitha lokusalela emuva inyanga eyodwa noma ngaphezulu. Lesi simo ngokuvamile kulandele okuthiwa izinguquko organic. ukukhula Intrauterine 3 degrees ngokuvamile kuyaphela ekufeni.

Azilingani ukuma zokugula

Kulokhu, kukhona ukwehliswa okuphawulekayo isisindo sengane at nokukhula okuvamile. Ingane kutholakala ukuthi uphethwe yini lag kwetinhlavu esifubeni izicubu besisu elithambile, ukuthuthukiswa okungavamile emzimbeni. Okungenzeka engalingani yangaphakathi isitho izinhlelo. In the ukungabikho yokwelapha ezanele iqala ukuncipha kancane ubukhulu ikhanda kanye lag ekuthuthukiseni zobuchopho Cishe njalo kufaka ukufa fetus. Azilingani IUGR samuntu Syndrome kwenzeka ngokuyinhloko engxenyeni yezinyanga ezintathu zesithathu ngokumelene jikelele esingamahlalakhona esinomhlapho.

Ukuma ziyalingana we zokugula

Lapho kukhona ifomu ziyalingana ukwehla umfaniswano isisindo, ubukhulu lezitho ukukhula kwe-fetus. Lokhu zokugula ngokuvamile eba kusaqalwa sokukhulelwa ngenxa izifo fetus (izifo, kwezinso chromosomal). Lesinesitfombe-sibuko intrauterine ukukhula retardation kwandisa amathuba uma ingane CNS engaphelele kwakhiwa.

izinyathelo zokuxilonga

Uma usola ukuthi lo muntu wesifazane zokugula kumele ayohlolwa ephelele yokuhlola. Ngokuyinhloko udokotela iqoqa umlando lesiguli, wathi ngaphambilini sidluliselwe izifo gynecological, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa odlule. Khona-ke, behlolwa nge nesilinganiso oyisibopho besisu selilonke, kwesibeletho, ubude nesisindo abesifazane.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungase kudinge ultrasound, Doppler (nokuhlola igazi flow ekhipha igazi enhliziyweni nelifakayo) kanye cardiotocography (ukuqoshwa esiqhubekayo fetus kwenhliziyo, futhi umsebenzi wayo Kufinyeta ngqo lesizalo). Ngokusekelwe imiphumela ukuhlolwa ingaqinisekisa sitholakele onguchwepheshe, noma ukuphikisa ke.

Yini ukwelashwa iyadingeka?

Ukuze sithole amacebo okwalandela yokukhulelwa emva ukuxilongwa "intrauterine ukukhula retardation" kufanele acabangele izimbangela zezifo, ifomu nezinga isifo. Izimiso eziyisisekelo ukwelashwa kufanele wagxila ekuthuthukiseni ukugeleza igazi "kwesibeletho-placenta-fetus,". Zonke izilinganiso imithi eyenziwa esibhedlela. Okokuqala owesifazane udinga ukunikeza ukuphumula, ukudla okuhle futhi ubuthongo umnyuziki eside. Into ebalulekile yokwelapha ubhekwa ukulawula isimo samanje umbungu. Ngenxa yalezi zinjongo, wasebenzisa ultrasound njalo ezinsukwini ezingu 7-14, cardiotocography futhi Doppler ukugeleza kwegazi.

ukwelashwa izidakamizwa yakhiwa kokuthola angioprotectors ukuvikela izitsha ngokumelene Tocolytics lesizalo imisipha ukungezwani ( "papaverine", "Cha-spa"), ngokubhukula izindlela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bonke abesifazane, ngaphandle kokukhetha, anikeze isiguli imithi ukuthi ukunciphisa Neuro-kwengqondo ukuqhanyelwa (tincture Leonurus, valerian) futhi kuthuthukisa ukugeleza kwegazi e-placenta ( "Aktovegin", "Kurantil").

Kuye ngezinga of isifo ngobucayi ukwelashwa zingahluka. Intrauterine ukukhula retardation 1 degree ngokuvamile kahle amenable yokwelapha, ematfuba imiphumela okwengeziwe negative ziyancipha. Ngo pathologies lubucayi kakhudlwana kudinga indlela ezahlukene ukwelashwa, imiphumela kunzima ngempela ukubikezela.

ukukhipha izisu

ukulethwa Early, kungakhathaliseki isikhathi yokukhulelwa, kutuswa kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

1. Ukungabikho ukukhula izinkomba fetus izinsuku ezingu-14.
2. isimo ukuwohloka lubonakale umntwana ngaphakathi esibelethweni (isib okwehlisa kwegazi flow imithambo yegazi).

Ukukhulelwa uphucwe esiphezulu amasonto 37 kwenzeka ukuthi ngenxa yokwelapha yezokwelapha iye yathuthuka ukusebenza uma Akubalulekile ukhulume sitholakele "intrauterine ukukhula retardation umbungu."

Imiphumela kanye nezinkinga kungenzeka

Izingane nale zokugula emva kokuzalwa kungase kudingeke kwezinso of kobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, ziyahambisana letitako ukuphila okuvamile ngeke kakhulu kuxhomeke abazali.

Imiphumela yokuqala ukuvela kakade ngesikhathi sokubeletha (hypoxia, iziyaluyalu imvelaphi zezinzwa). ukukhula Intrauterine siyehla yokuvuthwa we isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko kanye nokwenza imisebenzi yayo, esithinta zonke izinhlelo. Lezi zingane ngokuvamile buthaka izivikelo, eminyakeni eyalandela kukhona okungenzeka anda nesenzakalo kwezifo of the system senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.

Izingane kuya eminyakeni emihlanu ngokuvamile kutholakala ukuthi uphethwe yini kancane kwesisindo lengqondo retardation, malformation ka yangaphakathi izitho izinhlelo, hyperexcitability. Entsheni, ingozi eliphezulu sikashukela. Lezi zingane ziyizisulu ngokuvamile kungenzeka akhuluphele, zivela nezinkinga blood pressure. Lokhu akusho ukuthi khona kwabo kwansuku zonke kuyoba ukuthola izidakamizwa ukuphila ezibhedlela. Bamane kudingeka ukunaka kakhudlwana ekudleni yabo futhi umsebenzi nsuku zonke.

Ezinye nabantwana abaye batholakala bene-intrauterine ukukhula retardation-2 degrees futhi selashwa ngendlela efanele, akuhlukile ontanga yabo. Bona ukuphila okuvamile, ukudlala ezemidlalo, ubudlelwane nabangane futhi uthole imfundo.

Ngingayithola kanjani ukuvimbela IUGR?

Ukubhekwa kokuvinjelwa engcono yalesi sifo - ukuhlelwa sokukhulelwa esasizofika ngokushesha. Cishe isigamu abazali kumelwe kudlule luhlolo olunzulu futhi aphathe bonke labo ukugula okungalapheki. Ukunqatshwa imikhuba emibi, yokuphila efanele, ukudla okunempilo futhi nsuku zonke umsebenzi ukucindezeleka - ukhetho engcono kakhulu engokomBhalo yokuvikela IUGR.

Ukuvakashela emtholampilo njalo, phezu ukubhalisa udlala indima ebalulekile sitholakele "intrauterine ukukhula retardation umbungu." Ukwelashwa ukuthola esifike isifo ukunciphisa ingozi imiphumela engemihle.

A abesifazane abakhulelwe kufanele kube owakhiwe kahle futhi imodi yokulala. Zonke ezinye ilungile futhi ephelele kusho amahora 10 ukulala ebusuku futhi 2:00 ntambama. Le modi evumela ukuthuthukisa kwegazi futhi zokuthutha kwezakhi phakathi kukamama kanye nengane.

izizinda Daily emoyeni opholile, bonisani ukucindezeleka hhayi kuphela ngcono impilo jikelele ukhulelwe, kodwa futhi kujwayeleke isimo umbungu ngaphakathi esibelethweni.

isiphetho

Ungashiyi ngaphandle ukunakekela zokugula ezifana intrauterine ukukhula retardation, imiphumela yalo kungadabukisa kakhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abazali akufanele wamukele lesi uphethwe kufana umusho. Uma ibekwe ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi, unina entsha lwesikhathi esizayo luyokwenzeka zonke izinyathelo ezidingekile ukuze sisuse izimbangela zalo kuzolandela zonke izincomo udokotela, onalesi sifo kungaba esihle. Ezweni azikho izithiyo ayikwazi ukunqoba. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi injabulo umama nge lutho engaqhathaniswa!