Umkhankaso Akuphumelelanga ka Polovtsy Prince Igor sika

Russia kulo ukhona, balwa abayimizulane. Okokuqala kwakukhona Pechenegs. Ekhulwini XII ukuba esikhundleni wuhlelo Polovtsy. Igagasi zokugcina kuye kwaholela umhlaba Russian amaMongol eziningi.

Ukulwisana Polovtsy senzeka ngesikhathi kwehlukana zombusazwe empumalanga lwamaSlav. Izikhulu izikhathi eziningana waya asemaqeleni, kodwa ngokuvamile, kunalokho, walivikela ezweni lenkaba yawo. Kungani, kuzo zonke lezi zimo, umkhankaso edume kunazo Polovtsy Prince Igor sika? Ngoba nguye owakhonza njengesithunywa umthombo lesikhumbuzo abadumile etemibhalo. Lona "Lay."

Biography Igor

Prince Igor sika owazalwa ngo 1151. Yena wayengumbulali ummeleli wegatsha Chernigov we Rurik lwamakhosi. Lapho eneminyaka engu-eminyakeni engu-29, yaba emzini Novgorod-Seversky. Izwe ezungeze ngqo side by side nge okuthile abantu basemadolobheni abangavamile asemaqeleni.

izikhulu Russian ngokuvamile kushintsha inqubumgomo yayo mayelana Polovtsy: wenza ukuthula futhi kwakhiwe umbimbi noma impi. Kwaba njalo Igor. Ngezinye izikhathi waqasha abayimizulane ngesikhathi izimpi internecine nomkhaya. Kodwa belingana labo esalwa khans. Ngokwesibonelo, ngo-1171, yasihlephula Konchak ka emfuleni Vorskla. Nokho, idumela zomlando ithole olunye uhambo.

Lo mkhankaso ngokumelene asemaqeleni

Ngo 1185 izikhulu eningizimu yeRussia Wajoyina ukuya asemaqeleni baphule khona Polovtsian. Igor kwaba Initiator of lolu hambo. Wayelethwa osekelwa oyisihlobo. Kwaba Vsevolod Svyatoslavich (eKursk isikhulu), Svyatoslav Olgovich (Prince Rila) kanye uVladimir I. (Putivl Prince). Futhi ngaphansi amafulegi Russian wema Covo. Kwaba iyizwe elincane labantu abayimizulane, owayehlala endaweni imingcele Chernihiv ezibonakalayo.

Amabutho ahlangene zaphucwa umbimbi eziningi. umkhankaso Prince Igor ngokumelene Polovtsian lidlule ngaphandle ukusekela Kievan isikhulu Svyatoslav. Isizathu kwaba ukuthi umbusi Seversky ashesha banquma ukungayisebenzisi nhlobo ukulinda ally oqinile, okuyinto isazoba emashalofini. kamuva Haste waba nendima ebulalayo e isiphetho kwezinhloko zamaviyo. Ibutho waya osebeni eDonets, lapho ikamu Polovtsian bekulindeleke ukuthi okuyinto ayengakwenza kahle inzuzo.

kokunqotshwa

Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa endleleni ibutho Russian Bakhubeka ihlukane encane isitha, okuyinto wahlulwa. Kwatholakala izinhloko umkhuzi webutho. Izikhulu banquma ukuthi njengoba-ke okokuqala lucky, ukuthi esikhathini esizayo ngeke aphumelele. Lokho kwaba yiphutha. umkhankaso Prince Igor ngokumelene Polovtsian zaphambukela ukuhluleka ngenxa kwezulu kanye adventurism.

Lapho amabutho bahlangana ibutho eyinhloko abayimizulane, kwathiwa ngokushesha sizungezwe ngenxa ukuphakama kwamanani ka isitha. Ingabe kwahlangatshezwana kwabulawa amasosha Russian abanjwe, abambalwa wakwazi ukubaleka. umkhankaso Akuphumelelanga ngokumelene Prince Igor Polovtsian Waphendula kuye isiboshwa. Aphume ekuthunjweni wayenobuhlobo eminyakeni engemingaki kuphelé waphunyuka ngaphansi Ngibambeni ipera okulungiselelwe.

I polovtsev ukubuya ukushaywa

Ngemuva kokuwina abayimizulane ngokwesiko angithinta Russia: inkunzi Ukusizakala. umkhankaso Prince Igor ngokumelene Polovtsian okubangelwa ayehlasela esabekayo eminyaka athile angazanga nezakhamuzi. Kwakuthinta aphanga futhi ashisa emzini Ream kanye nasemadolobhaneni angomakhelwane. Prince of Kiev, ngubani esibalwa e asemaqeleni ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi umbimbi ayeshesha ongazihlwitha azithele ngabandayo abawinile, uye Wajoyina umbusi Galician, waxosha abayimizulane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, nabagibeli neze laqhubeka kwelinye izwe, kungakangeni ubusika. Njengoba sekunama-iqhwa sebenyamalala wabuyela ekhaya, bethwele ingcebo ezebiwe isitimela.

Svyatoslav (Prince of Kiev) yaqale Igor wathukuthela, ngoba waya asemaqeleni e sizana imfihlo. Nokho, ngemva kwaziwa ukuthi umlawuli ngeshwa wathunjwa, isihlobo igqubu ukhohlwe isikhathi eside wamlilela, becabanga ukuthi ayiwubuyisanga.

lesikhumbuzo etemibhalo

Ngemva kweminyaka embalwa nimashe Novgorod-Seversky Prince Igor Polovtsian nibabekele isisekelo edumile "Amagama ...". Umbhali ifa etemibhalo alwaziwa. Umsebenzi wobuciko ngasinda ngokuyisimangaliso futhi waduma ngempela ukubonwa ngekhulu XIX, lapho umphakathi ithole uhlu ihlanganiswe ngu Ukubala Musin-Pushkin.

Lena isibonelo esihle ulimi ke. "Igama ..." liyisiqondiso ezindabeni zamasiko lasendulo. Ngenxa ukubaluleka kwayo umkhiqizo wangena yezifundo zezikole. Izikhonzi eziningi netisho (isb, "ukukhala Yaroslavny") baba esidlangalaleni futhi uhambe.

Wesandla wokuqala yathengwa ngu Ukubala Musin-Pushkin ku Yaroslavl sezindela. Yamadivayisi zenzeka ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi isikhungo zenkolo ivaliwe. Ngokushesha original alahlekelwa umlilo, kodwa ngalesi sikhathi ihlanganiswa uhlu eziningana esibanzi, okuvumela amakhophi eshicilelwe ezisekhona kuze kube sesikhathini sethu. Ifa "Amagama ..." ngokuvamile kuqhathaniswa anenani ezinganekwaneni European bards ephakathi.

Prince Igor umkhankaso wakhe wokulwa Polovtsian futhi babe olunye lwezimpawu liyabonakala Russia lasendulo. Rurik yena, ngemva waphunyuka ekuthunjweni, wahlala iminyaka eminingi. Njengoba ngingowokuqala phakathi emndenini wakubo, wadla ifa Chernigov, lapho afela khona ngo 1201.