Imagism futhi Imaginists - movement etemibhalo kwezobuciko. izimbongi Imaginists

Omunye ukunyakaza etemibhalo kwezobuciko ngemuva Okthoba ngo-1917 eminyakeni yokuqala siqhele ukuziqhelelanisa Futurism futhi baba imagism eyaziwa - ". Isithombe" kusukela French elithi isithombe, okusho I Imaginists edume kunazo - kuba Sergei Yesenin, Anatoly Mariengof Vadim Shershenevich Rurik Ivnev.

umsuka

Igama elithi kubolekwe imazhistov - kwaba avant-garde ngakho IsiZulu olusankondlo School. zabafundi abakhuluma isiRashiya kuqala wabona izwi esihlokweni Z. Vengerov eshicilelwe ngo-1915. Umbhali utshela kaEzra Pound futhi Wyndham Lewis - London-imazhistah izimbongi abaye bazama ukugxila kulabo izithombe, okuyinto kwaba element lokuqala elibalulekile lokuba izinkondlo uqobo. Imaginists Russian hhayi wabhala lutho efana izinkondlo imazhistov, abalandela yabo awazange kuzoba ekuqaleni, kwakukhona kuphela waboleka eside.

Kwakuwusuku lokugcina esikoleni esankondlo labo ucishe wenza umsindo engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu lamashumi amabili. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ihlelwe izimbongi Imaginists iminyaka emibili emva Revolution, lutho wamavukelambuso, kungukuthi balethwa izinkondlo. Nakuba kunenkolelo ukuthi baphumelela. Imaginists Russian - iqembu elincane izimbongi, wayemukile Futurism, nabanye aqhubeka ebhala izinhlamvu luhamba luye ohlangothini olulodwa. Zonke izimbongi babe ngokuphelele ahlukahlukene ukuthi izimiso wamemezela versification akekho kubo lajwayeleka. Eyokuqala izinkondlo kusihlwa Imagist owawuse Januwari 29, 1919 ku izakhiwo Russian Union of Izimbongi.

Declaration Ukwakheka

Ngosuku olulandelayo, January 30, Imaginists eshicilelwe isimemezelo sabo sokuqala nezimiso yokudala, esisayinwe Yesenin, Ivnev, Mariengof futhi Shershenevich, kanye abaculi kanye Erdmann Yakulov. Abacwaningi futhi abahlaziyi bemibhalo zisekhona emthumeni ukuthi ukubeka imagism isidingo kuhambisana acmeism, kufanekisa futhi futurism. Yiqiniso, lokhu ngeqiniso elithakazelisayo emkhakheni sokudalwa tetemibhalo, kodwa kufanele kubhekwe kunalokho njengoba omunye izigaba yentuthuko postsimvolizma njengoba umthwalo oyingqayizivele entsha kuyinkolelo-mbono yokuziphendukela izincwadi kule akakhiphanga. Umqondo wukuthi Imaginists - ke ngabalingisi Futurists, njengoba engekho indlela entsha sokuthuthukiswa izinkondlo babengesibo evulekile.

Izwe ngesikhathi ngaphambi nangemuva wamavukelambuso, ibhekene boom yokudala, kuhlanganise theory. Lalifuna izindlela okunengqondo ezesayensi, plyusuya izikebhe amakhono ukuze kugqugquzelwe indlela uhlelo olusha senkondlo. Imagism - ingenye imizamo enjalo, futhi ngokuqinisekile iphila, kanye nanoma yikuphi zamanje ukuthi uyakwazi ukuthonya ukuthuthukiswa Ngolimi olusankondlo. Theorists imagism limenyezelwe asinazo izithombe Isimiso esiyisisekelo izinkondlo. Akulona igama-uphawu, okuyinto inenombolo esingapheliyo amagugu njengoba Symbolists, alilona izwi kuzwakala njengephupho Cubo-Futurists, ngisho nangezwi elilodwa, igama efana Acmeism ashumayela khona, futhi izwi-isingathekiso, kanye kuphela inani elithile. Imagism ezincwadini - ngale ndlela futhi okuwukuphela kwendlela, isikhali kuphela ukukhiqizwa okuyinhloko wangempela art.

Yini Imaginists ukubonwa asinazo izithombe

Izimbongi Imaginists ngokuthi mothballs isithombe, uthele umkhiqizo, ukusilondoloza kusukela ngesikhathi bona baye bathola leli bhu. Babekholelwa ukuthi uma olusankondlo Imali yesevisi umugqa imbozwe khona isithombe, futhi uma zempi evikelwe wonke isithombe enkondlweni. Ukuze wasenkundleni isinyathelo vesi isithombe - wezikhali inqaba.

Ngokuphathelene okuqukethwe omuhle wobuciko we 20th Imaginists ekhulwini kancane okungalungile, khona-ke ukulungiswa Mariengof wathi kuSimemetelo isitatimende okuphambene ngokuphelele. Futhi ekuqaleni, kwaboniswa ukuthi okuqukethwe - a nobuwula songenangqondo. ukuthuthukiswa Ulimi Baboneni kuphela ngokusebenzisa isingathekiso. Yiqiniso, lezi reception Kwakungekusha: izithombe - akubona ka kufanekisa, futhi wasebenzisa lezi zimiso kanye futurists. ifomu Ukulethwa nokuqukethwe yesithombe - kwaba entsha, kodwa kunalokho oyisiphukuphuku.

zokunqoba Futurism

Ukuthuthukiswa zezinkondlo Russian wokuqala amabili eminyaka kwekhulu lamashumi amabili lingachazwa ngokuthi umzabalazo kungaqedwa nangombango engapheli ngamunye ukunyakaza etemibhalo kanye nabanye. Njengoba futurists futhi acmeists ukumemeza ozelwe kufanekisa futhi imagism izincwadi - iwukuba unqobe futurism.

Nakuba kuyinto exakayo kanye lokubulala oyisihlobo esiseduze: Futurism isifiso Futuro ukufa, ukubhala i umlandvomufi eyafa iminyaka eyishumi nabo vociferous (1909-1919) - Futurism walengiswa ... imagism "Good", lo mzalwane ngizisole.

Vadim Shershenevich

Babecabanga umholi nomhleli main we Isiliva Ubudala Imaginists neyaziwayo ngazwi linye Vadim Shershenevich. Yena wayengumbulali umhlaziyi mkhuba omusha, futhi umgqugquzeli walo. Yini waqala (futhi uyaqhubeka) njengoba Futurist, awamenzanga ekubeni ekugxekeni futhi overthrower siqu imbeleko senkondlo.

Izizathu cishe bekungenjalo kakhulu kwezombangazwe njengesilo siqu njengoba Shershenevich eshiwo ngokucacile ukuthi ukuthatha Futurism, le Futurists bengalamukeli. Nokho, ucwaningo kwakhe okwalandela asankondlo theory uqinisekise ubuhlobo igazi ne imibono nangemisebenzi yokuphulukisa Marinetti Klebnikov Mayakovsky. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kunzima ukukholelwa ukugomela Imaginists - kuyinto izimbongi ezahlukene kakhulu.

Anatoly Marienhof

Futhi ilungu akhuthele ase-Imagist iqembu Mariengof theory kwaba olandelanayo ngaphezulu, nakuba ezahlukene nihilism tebuciko, kaningi zaba ukucwaninga avant-garde Futuristic Shershenevich. Mariengof - impela sibalo impikiswano. Abacwaningi ke enqunywe imagism kubalandeli bakhe esenina, unikezwa iqiniso ukuthi sekuseduze kobungane nobudlelwane, melanani Yesenin, esihlanganisa ne Shershenevich.

Ukuba imagism efanayo umhlaziyi njengoba Shershenevich Mariengof isithombe esinjalo asisho ukuthi akudingeki akhokhe ukunakwa omkhulu onjalo, ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho igxile okuqukethwe. Libonisa ifomu Art nokuqukethwe - okuqukethwe leli fomu, futhi wonke kuyinto enhle kakhulu uma eyodwa kuphela: lapho esihle ngayinye yalezi izingxenye.

Rurik Ivnev

Okuthile laliwukuthi ukuze sihlanganise ezahlukene ngokuphelele hhayi efana nomunye izimbongi. Kwakuyini - abacwaningi futhi akakwazi ngempela ukuchaza. Iqiniso lokuthi izikhundla yobuhle wonke umsebenzi wokudala i Imagist ngamunye akubalulekile kangako ngoba nozakwabo njengoba uthando nobungane, ukuxhumana wezenhlalo nokuxhumana nalangesiwo etemibhalo.

Futhi Rurik Ivnev Russian Imaginists kubhekwe ngokuphelele siqu sakhe, yize Bryusov waphawula ukuthi Ivnev hhayi kuphela Imagist kubo, iphakathi acmeism ukuze Futurism. Kodwa konke lokhu akusho ukuthi amavesi Rurik Ivnev zimbi. Kunalokho - kukuhle, futhi kakhulu.

Sergey Esenin - Imagist

Elinamandla kakhulu phezu imagism theory wayeseqhuba izifundo theory kanye zonke olusankondlo lokusungula esenina, okuyinto bawumgogodla inhlangano yezimbongi. Ngisho nangaphambi kokuba kudalwe iqembu, wabhala indatshana "Keys kaMariya," zibona on ngokuyisisekelo lokusungula futhi art ngamazwi. ulimi Organic engokomfanekiso - Wasebiza asinazo izithombe - kufanele esekelwe temdzabu kazwelonke izakhi, kubhekwe Yesenin. Popular izinganekwane nezinkolelo ifana nokuthile mayelana nemvelo futhi indoda bezilokhu isisekelo sengqondo esankondlo imbongi.

Lokhu ayidokhiwe nezimiso imagism, kodwa inani labo Yesenin namanje uhlanganiswe ubhalisele Declaration, okungukuthi, yalelozwe postulates Mariengof futhi Shershenevich. Khumbula ukuthi kwafika yokuqala edonswe edonswe kulezo ngokomoya Futurism, kanti owesibili kusuka emibuthanweni Futuristic. Ngokuqinisekile bamcasula Yesenin "ubuzwe", kodwa ngokuhlakanipha wasebenzisa enkulu igama umculi kweqiniso Russian futhi siyiswa banner yakhe phambi yokuthola amandla ukunyakaza. Kumelwe ngivume ukuthi okwesikhathi eside ukukwenza, kepha bahluleka. Yesenin - igama Imagist kuphela - ngabashiya lapho iqembu, ukushaya nemisebenzi yabo affectation futhi ornichestvo - yokuntuleka umuzwa lenkaba.

umsebenzi

izinkondlo Imagist eshicilelwe eziningi futhi cishe njalo. Lokhu lula yokuthi ukuthi awase, abamemezeli abaningana abakhuthele, isitolo esidumile "Pegasus Itafula" futhi umagazini ayo. Ukusizakala amahlazo njengendlela indlela eya empumelelweni, njengoba uma Futurists, abazange baphumelele kulo. mpikiswano ayeba lapho Imaginists wazama buzz, kodwa konke lokho ngamabomu yesibili. Ngangingenabo ithalente ngokwanele. Nakuba kuye kwaba nezenzo uma into ehlekisayo, esigebengwini: ezindongeni Isigodlo Passion raspishut amazwi enhlamba, emgwaqweni Tverskaya uqambe kabusha Yesenin, esikhundleni izimpawu, State of uMnyango Wezithombe ...

Kodwa ukushicilela wayehamba kakhulu. abamemezeli abaningana abakhuthele njalo, ezitolo ezidayisa izincwadi ezimbili, kanye yaseshashalazini movie eyayithengwe Imagist phezulu. Banyathelisa izincwadi eziningi ukuthi abantu ababephila bamangala lapho Imaginists thatha iphepha okuningi. Ngisho ukungaqondani iphutha. Shershenevich ngo-1920 wanyathelisa incwadi izinkondlo "A ihhashi nehhashi." Qamba futhi wafingqa: lonke edition waya Yabantu Commissariat ishede ukusabalalisa incwadi mayelana amahhashi phakathi abantukazana. Iqiniso kwaba ngamabomu ukuze ngisho Lenin kubika.

Izingxabano kanye nokwahlukana

Inkampani kuhlukile ifomu izinga izesekeli ngakho izimbongi nakanjani kuba khona kungahambisani zokudala. Okokuqala, leli qembu libizwa ihlukaniswe amaphiko amabili - kwesokunxele babe Mariengof, Shershenevich futhi Erdman, futhi ilungelo - Yesenin Kusikov, Ivnev, Roizman, Georgians. Ukubuka nohlobo nokuqukethwe izinkondlo, kanye umsebenzi walo - futhi umsebenzi isithombe kuhlanganise - abangu iphambene. Futhi Yesenin incwadi evulekileyo iphephandaba yamemezela Imagist iqembu azisekho ngo-1924.

Imaginists sonke lesi sinyathelo akazange alindele, sazama ekuphikiseni amazwi imbongi-umboni, kodwa kwenzeka njengoba abikezela. Umagazini yavalwa, lushicilelwe ne ukusungulwa Glavlit isibe nzima, "Pegasus Itafula" kakhulu kuhlulekile ukuvuseleleka. Ngaphandle esenina imagism saphela ngempela zikhona. "Imvukuzane esigcwele" namanje pochikal cishe konke yasungulwa Imaginists, kanye "naphthalene izithombe." Ngiphakathi esikoleni olusankondlo ngeke siphile - izimpande ngezansi lapho. "Wobandlululo" Yesenin wayazi kahle ke.