Ukwakheka amaqanda. I amakhemikhali ukwakheka amaqanda isikhukhukazi sika

Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, amaqanda babe ukudla yendabuko Slavic. Bafanekisela nokuzalwa kabusha kuka-imvelo kanye entwasahlobo, ngakho njalo abantu Easter ukulungiselela Krashenki futhi Amaqanda, futhi lowo mkhosi ngokwesiko iqala svyachenogo amaqanda.

ulwazi olujwayelekile

Egg iwumkhiqizo amaprotheni ne kakhulu kakhulu yokudla okunempilo kanye yemvelo. Amaqanda yezinyoni amanzi kungukuthi ekuphekeni, njengoba kungase kubangele izifo ezithathelwanayo. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kuhlanganisa iqanda omhlophe (12.7%), amafutha (11.5%), ama-carbohydrate (0.6%), nosawoti wamaminerali (1%), amanzi (74%), amavithamini A, E, carotene, choline, kanye nezinye izinto eziningi. Amandla ukubaluleka eziyikhulu amagremu amaqanda imayelana 157 kcal. Kunomsoco eyodwa iqanda 40 amagremu inyama noma 200 ml yobisi.

igobolondo

Inkukhu Iqanda siqukethe 12% igobolondo, 56% - amaprotheni no-32% - we isikhuphasha. Ngezinye ukungena nakwamanye amazwe igobolondo isakhiwo evikela umkhiqizo ngokumelene ingress nezilwanyana ezincane eziyingozi. Ukwakheka kuhlanganisa egg shell-calcium carbonate, wali band acid calcium, magnesium kanye nezinye izingxenye organic. Ngaphansi kuba obukhulu podskorlupnaya igobolondo, main ingxenye okuyinto amaprotheni. Egg shell luvikela ngokumelene ingress microflora pathogenic, kodwa noma sihamba igesi futhi umhwamuko. Phakathi ekupheleni blunt igobolondo kanye amaprotheni elingenamikhono kuyinto airbag, okuyinto ngesikhatsi isitoreji eside amaqanda kuyakhula njengobe ekuqukethe uDries.

amaprotheni Ukwakheka iqanda isikhukhukazi sika

I amaprotheni siqukethe sebuningini zamatshe esobala viscous, uketshezi cishe kungekho nto enemibala emihle lapho foams lapho enza. amaprotheni kwabantu iqanda akufani, iyona obukhulu kakhulu phakathi, eduze isikhuphasha, ngoba baligcine maphakathi.

Ukwakheka amaprotheni kuhlanganisa sebuningini izakhi, phakathi lapho, ikakhulukazi, lapho ovoalbumin futhi conalbumin. Kulezi izinto, iqukethe acid eziningi acid ezisebusweni okungu elilungile. Lokhu kuholela yokuthi amaqanda 98% amuncwa wumzimba. Ovoalbumin kuqinisekisa okusezingeni eliphezulu amaprotheni solubility emanzini; ovoglobulin kunomthelela ukubukeka Foam ngesikhathi frothing; ovomucin kuzole Foam. Futhi into ebaluleke kuyinto lysozyme, okuyinto ine impahla amagciwane, anyamalale phezu amaqanda ukuguga.

I amaprotheni eqhukethe namaminerali. isakhiwo sayo sihlanganisa amavithamini B1, B2 futhi B6. Amandla ukubaluleka eziyikhulu amagremu umkhiqizo 47 kcal.

Ukwakheka iqanda isikhuphasha

Ingxenye ebaluleke kunayo amaqanda kuyinto, ngaphandle kokungabaza, isikhuphasha. Lo luketshezi obukhulu ehlanganisa kushintshana ukukhanya izingqimba amnyama. Top isikhuphasha embozwe igobolondo mncane kakhulu avikelayo, futhi phezu kobuso iqanda kuyinto umbungu. Isikhuphasha iqukethe amaprotheni amaningi (16.2%), amafutha (32.6%), ama-carbohydrate namaminerali. Umbala ophuzi umnikeza carotene, siya ku umzimba, it is siguqulelwa Vitamin A.

Ukwakheka amaqanda. izinto ezilusizo kanye nemiphumela yabo phezu

Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali amaqanda ihlanganisa avidin amaprotheni, okuyinto sibopha Vitamin H (biotin), ulawula umsebenzi neuroreflex ukwakha eziyinkimbinkimbi avidobiotinovy. Ngu ezishisayo ithonya eziyinkimbinkimbi ubola ku izakhi zalo abalekeleli isb. E. ukusetshenziswa njalo amaqanda aluhlaza kungaholela H-vitaminozu ezingase zingayilimaza impilo.

amaprotheni Ovomucoid, okuyilona elisebenzayo futhi ingxenye iqanda, destabilizes umsebenzi trypsin, i-enzyme kwamanyikwe, okuholela ukumuncwa abampofu hhayi kuphela iqanda, kodwa futhi neminye imikhiqizo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusukela ovomucoid ezingase zimuncwe undigested, ukusetshenziswa njalo ngakho bangase baxabane nomzimba. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi izingane, ngoba amasosha omzimba kuba buthaka kunalowo omdala. Lapho wadalula izakhiwo ezishisayo ovomucoid ngokuphelele zinyamalale, futhi lapho enza - are kakhulu ziyancipha.

Enzyme kuyinto lysozyme, okuyinto amaprotheni, okungezona ukuhambisana nemibandela isitoreji kungenzeka zimbi nakakhulu, okuholela ekwandeni nezilwanyana ezincane eziyingozi. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, i-amaqanda angaba umthombo yizifo eziyingozi.

Inani ukudla

Ukwakheka amaqanda kuhlanganisa semali amafutha, iningi okuyinto bagxila kule isikhuphasha. Banezinhliziyo aphansi kakhulu ukuma, ngakho-ke, basuke kahle amuncwa umzimba womuntu. Ukwakheka sihlanganisa isikhuphasha unsaturated okunamafutha acid ezifana arachidonic, linoleic futhi oleic.

Amaqanda iqukethe esincane cholesterol, mayelana 1.6%, nokho, lapho, ungakwazi ukusheshisa ukuthuthukiswa isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi. Ngakho-ke, abantu abadala Kunconywa ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa amaqanda.

Ukwahlukaniswa amaqanda

Amaqanda inkukhu zihlukaniswe ngezigaba ngokusho criteria ezifana nokuphila eshalofini, isisindo kanye izinga. amaqanda zokudla kumele lithengiswe ezinsukwini ezingu-7 ngemva kwakuthiwe sabhidlizwa, kwathi etafuleni zingagcinwa isikhathi eside. Ukwakheka amaqanda kubangela emfushane eshalofini yokuphila enjalo. amaqanda Ithebula yena, zihlukaniswe fresh, holodilnikovye futhi limed.

amaqanda wezokudla

Lokhu zenyathi kuyinto isikhuphasha encane kakhulu kulesi sikhungo, futhi amaprotheni obukhulu. Ikamelo air is hhayi kushintshile. Kunemikhakha emibili ukuthi ziyashiyana ngesisindo: isigaba 1st - hhayi ngaphansi kuka-54 grams, 2 nd - hhayi ngaphansi kuka 44 amagremu. Ngezinye amaqanda ngalinye kumele wanyathela ku ekhombisa usuku zokukhiqiza, uhlobo isigaba umkhiqizo.

Fresh, holodilnikovye namaqanda limed

Amaqanda, okungokwendlela imikhakha fresh, holodilnikovyh limed futhi ube isikhuphasha kancane, kodwa viscous, kungaba ukuphambuka kancane kusukela maphakathi amalungiselelo ayo. I amaprotheni kumele kube obukhulu, futhi ubukhulu egumbini emoyeni - hhayi ngaphezulu kuka-7 mm.

Ngu fresh zihlanganisa amaqanda ezingafakwanga egcinwe izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingu-30 ezingeni lokushisa kusuka -1 kuya +2 degrees; ukuze holodilnikovym - egcinwe izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingu-30. Lime - amaqanda, okuyinto zigcinwa lime noma isiphi isikhathi.

I eyigugu kakhulu yiwona Ukudla ukusetshenziswa futhi amaqanda fresh. Isizathu salokhu - ukubunjwa amaqanda, zonke izakhi zigcinwa isitoreji yesikhathi esifushane. Zisetshenziswa ngokuphelele nganoma iyiphi indlela. Holodilnikovye namaqanda limed zisetshenziselwa womshini confectionery ebhikawozi imikhiqizo.

Melange neqanda powder

Ngesikhathi amabhizinisi of iIgama zomphakathi zokupheka asetshenziswa amaqanda hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi imikhiqizo processing zabo: melange futhi iqanda powder.

Melange - lokhu uqweqwe izikhupha okuxubile namaprotheni eziye ihluziwe, pasteurized, chilled futhi iqandiswe -18 degrees. Lo mkhiqizo ikhonza, okuyinto asidingi ukwehlukana amaprotheni kusuka amaqanda isikhuphasha, isib, ngoba ezahlukene inhlama bhaka. Ukuze bavale isikhala salo iqanda elilodwa kumele kusetshenziswe 40 amagremu melange.

Egg powder - inhlanganisela albumen omisiwe isikhuphasha. Isetshenziselwa izitsha efanayo imikhiqizo amaqanda, kodwa olinganise 1: 0,28.

isiphetho

Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali Iqanda isikhukhukazi sika inquma imigomo nemibandela isitoreji yayo kokubili ekhaya ngezinga ezimbonini. Nokho, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi amaqanda babe efrijini kude imikhiqizo iphunga evelele. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi izimo elikhulu ukuthi kuzosiza ukugcina umkhiqizo isimo ezisebenzisekayo.