Ukunikeza nge isilandiso eyohlobo: izibonelo. izifundo eyohlobo umenzi

Ukwenza kube lula ukuze abonise umuzwa okulalele kuthiweni, izingxenye eyohlobo kwemusho elisetshenziswa isiRashiya. Qhathanisa: "ihlathi Nomthunzi umema isihambi. ihlathi Nomthunzi beckons isihambi. ihlathi Nomthunzi uthembisa cool. " Noma okufanayo, kodwa wakhonza e umusho owodwa: "Lo shady ihlathi izingcingo, beckons isihambi futhi othembisa kuphole."

Ukunikezwa isilandiso eyohlobo izibonelo okuyinto uzobona kulesi sihloko, kuyasiza lula incazelo, esinciphisa isidingo zinqwabelane embhalweni ezinye izakhiwo syntactic.

Izici of yokwakheka imisho lecondzile

Cishe bakhona ontanga obaziyo, imisho elula zihlukile kusukela eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ekuqaleni kunendlela eyodwa kuphela ngesisekelo zolimi nemisebenzi yazo, ngokuvamile siqukethe isihloko nesilandiso (noma omunye wamalungu). Futhi imisho lemagalagala elisekela ingaba ezimbili noma ngaphezulu.

Kodwa ngaphezu Kulezi zindlela ezingenhla, yokukhuluma ngolimi isiRashiya, kukhona okuthiwa eyinkimbinkimbi. Bese kuba khona labo, okuhlanganisa, isibonelo, imigomo eyohlobo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi imisho lelula nge isilandiso eyohlobo "Lokhu inkulumo sithakazelise futhi" - hhayi ulula. Kungenxa lolimi Russian kubhekwa eziyinkimbinkimbi.

By endleleni, kukhona inkinga we Amazwi okuvula noma imisho, kanye ngaphandle, izikhalazo nokunye. D. sizogxila inguqulo yokuqala imiklamo kuyinkimbinkimbi.

imphawu letibalulekile homogeneity isigwebo

Kodwa ngaphambili kokuthi siqale ukuxoxa kwezihloko eyohlobo umenzi, masikhumbule imithetho jikelele ezisebenza wonke amalungu supply.

Isici esiyinhloko ukufana kokubili ezinkulu nezincane amalungu yimuphi isiphakamiso wukuthi kule design zingabantu olingana ke owenza umsebenzi syntactic, esisho eside esisodwa umutjho bese, umbuzo ofanayo.

Phakathi kwabo, kungakhathaliseki tenkhulumo khona ubuhlobo noma coordinative noma conjunctionless syntactic, egcizelela ukulingana kwazo. Eyokuqala ngokuvamile wezwakalisa, usebenzisa ukudluliswa buviyoviyo wokuxhumanisa izihlanganiso, nokuhlobana sivezwe buviyoviyo conjunctionless kuphela.

Yikuphi isilandiso kungaba iyunifomu

Futhi yesibili, futhi isihloko nesilandiso kule isiRashiya, ekubeni ochungechungeni esifanayo angase nokho kube amazwi engaphansi (Nokho, okufanayo kusebenza amalungu zesibili). Ngokwesibonelo: "Yena wayebabhekabheka ngefasitela wabubula." Isiphakamiso has isilandiso ezimbili eyohlobo (nhla futhi ukububula), kodwa kuqala wabo ibhekwa ezivamile (ebhokisini), kanti eyesibili akuxhomekile amazwi.

Ngokuvamile zonke izingxenye eyohlobo komusho - isilandiso, kuncike, noma ezinye - ungomunye tenkhulumo, kodwa kukhona lezo zakhiwo lapho bangakwazi basonta amakilasi ezahlukene zolimi nemisebenzi yazo, uzwakalise phraseology noma imishwana.

Ngokwesibonelo, e-umusho "Andrew babenza wahleka izinyembezi," isilandiso uwukubonakaliswa sento (bayazidlalela) futhi usethe imishwana (ngokuhleka), engakunqamuli kubo ngesikhathi esifanayo zifane.

Indlela ineluhlelo eyakhelwe amagama ambalwa eyohlobo

Ukuze lwetakhi telulwimi inhlangano ngokuya eyohlobo emshweni sisetshenziswe njengesigungu sokufaka buviyoviyo enumerative nezinyunyana. Lesi sakamuva kungenzeka uxhumano (futhi yebo), adversative (kodwa, kodwa), kanye ukuhlukana (noma, noma). Esikhathini Ngokwesibonelo, "esho, noma ngocingo, noma egijima nabangane bayo," ingxenye enkulu yencwadi lomusho - isilandiso - exhunywe disjunctive "noma". Futhi isibonelo: "Lo mfana engifunda incane kodwa smart" exhumanisa kubo ngokuhlangana adversative "kodwa."

Ukhefana phakathi kuncike eyohlobo nesilandiso

Umthetho main lapho ebhalela zokuloba izingxenye eyohlobo kwemusho wukuthi ngokungabi bikho Izinyunyana ukhefana phakathi kwazo. Ingabe ayikho into okuthiwa ihlukile isilandiso eyohlobo. Izibonelo "Imvula kuhletshwa, cradling, abumbe ngokuncibilikisa languor", "Ngaphansi ilanga lehla glittered futhi agcwala esiliva babubonakala" ukuqinisekisa lokhu.

Kodwa uqaphele ukuthi yesibili yemusho phakathi ezimbili isilandiso ezintathu kufanele axhumanise ngesihlanganiso esithi "futhi", okwenza kungabi ukhefana. Nokho, lokhu kwenzeka kuphela uma okuphindiwe, kungenjalo uzoba sinake ubuqili.

Lapho ukhefana ngemisho kwezinyunyana yansukuzonke

Umklamo "futhi izandla zakhe nobuso futhi izingubo zambozwa ungqimba obukhulu umule" iyunifomu uxhumeke ilokhu "futhi" Union, futhi Kulokhu kwakudingeka ukubeka ukhefana phakathi kwazo.

Esimweni, lapho imigomo mbali inyunyana eyohlobo ku ngazimbili semantic, ngamunye wabo kuthathwa ngokuthi ingxenye eyodwa uchungechunge eyohlobo, "Yelp ohambisana nokumemeza, uhleko nokushaywa nginyathela ezinyawo kwakuzwakala nge windi livuliwe futhi lolu hlaza egcekeni."

Sicela uqaphele ukuthi izifundo eyohlobo umenzi kule design axhunyiwe ngetindlela letehlukene: ukuba "squeals futhi ememeza," "uhleko futhi clatter" ababebuthene ngababili, futhi kukhona ukhefana phakathi kwazo. Futhi phakathi isilandiso "yezwakala" futhi "bayengelwa" kuyinto Union coordinative, ngakho lapho ayidingi ukhefana.

Ukhefana ngemisho lapho amalungu eyohlobo exhunywe kwi-okuthiwa kabili Izinyunyana (hhayi kuphela ... kodwa futhi ..., kungasiko ... okuningi ... futhi uma kungenjalo ... ke ... njll ...).

Qaphela ukuthi lesi sigwebo "Snow ehlanganiswa hhayi kuphela phambi utshani, kodwa futhi hung phezu kwezihlahla ingubo emhlophe" futhi ukhefana ezifanayo inyunyana double lufakwa phambi ingxenye yakhe yesibili.

Ukhefana ngemisho ngezinhlu eziningana imigomo ezifanayo

Ukunikezwa isilandiso eyohlobo (izibonelo ungabona esihlokweni) has eziningana, kwezinye izimo amalungu iyunifomu. Bayobizwa zihlukaniswa kusukela izakhiwo, lapho kukhona uchungechunge eyodwa kuphela enjalo, naphakathi kwamalungu eyohlobo - Izinyunyana eyinsakavukela.

Emshweni "Kule ndlu sasihlala ngokuthula akazange ukuxabana amakati nezinja" inemigqa 2 imigomo ezifanayo (kuncike - "amakati nezinja", kanye isilandiso - "wahlala futhi baxabana"). Basuke zihlelwe ngababili yokuxhuma ngesihlanganiso esithi "futhi", futhi bese kuba ukhefana ungacimi ku-design.

Ukunikeza nge isilandiso eyohlobo: izibonelo ikholoni at engxenyeni eyinhloko yomusho

Inani izingxenye eyohlobo yomusho, kungakhathaliseki tenkhulumo, lapho kuvetwa ingase ibe yimpahla yegama, kokuba generalizing value futhi ngokulinganayo okuhlobene ngamunye iyunithi lucebe salolu chungechunge. Ngokwesibonelo, e-umusho "On the counter abangu efafazwe izinqwaba eliqhakazile izithelo: apula, ithini lamapheya, plums kanye amapetshisi" generalized elithi "izithelo" has yigama elididiyelayo.

Uma umusho olula nge isilandiso eyohlobo noma amanye amalungu ukunikela kuhlanganisa generalizing izwi ngemva ikholoni. Uma ufunda ngokuvamile okwamanje uyama kancane: "Umama okwenzayo konke:. Ukupheka ukudla kwakusihlwa, egeza dusting futhi ahlabelele izingoma"

Phela, igama elithi generalized uhlale ilungu elifanayo enikezwa abakanye naye imigomo eyohlobo, njengoba umsebenzi syntactic benayo.

Izibonelo dash at engxenyeni eyinhloko yomusho

Uma uchungechunge eyohlobo ekugcineni amazwi generalizing, ihlukanisa dash: "Futhi ubisi, futhi amajikijolo, futhi amakhowe - konke edolobhaneni kwakubonakala esiphundu." "Izandla zakhe nomzimba omncane, curls ngesikhathi amathempeli, ngisho izimbali dress yakhe - konke Unikeze kusengathi emihle" - isilandiso eyohlobo zihlukaniswe udwi zifane, ngoba ngemva kwabo yigama generalized.

Bekanye generalizing izwi ingasetshenziswa ngaphezulu kanye Ukufakwa (ngamanye amazwi, endaweni zwi, elithi, ngandlela-thile, njll ...), Nakuba phakathi kwazo ukhefana "Akukho ukubukwa kudlula ngokushesha futhi othi awube okungazelelwe noma imangele - ngamanye amazwi, akukho lutho it akazange ukubalekela amehlo baqaphele yakhe. "

Kwezinye izimo, lapho wafaka dash

ITire namalungu eyohlobo kungaba hhayi kuphela endabeni yokudlulisa. Ngakho, uma isilandiso eyohlobo kukhona umahluko omkhulu okhona phakathi semantic eyodwa isihlobo komunye noma uxhumano okungazelelwe, ufake dash phakathi kwabo: "Mina, yaya ensimini - futhi eba yiqhwa, ngesikhathi ebona kungena Gazebo ku ophahleni squirrel." Dash Eme ngemisho efana ugcizelela ukumangala, kusimangaze izenzo "Cinderella wahlangana Prince - futhi ngokushesha sathandana naye."

By endleleni, uma ungenayo imigomo eyohlobo umfelandawonye, kodwa uzwakalise ukuphikisana, nazo ahlukaniswe dash, "usho ukukhanya - ezimnyama, ukholo - ke disbelief."

Indlela ukuqaphela isilandiso heterogeneous futhi eyohlobo: izibonelo

Uma isiphakamiso lisebenzisa igama elithi ukugcizelela the kaningi izifundo, isikhathi noma imvamisa nesenzakalo, bangamalungu lomusho basonta eyohlobo.

Qaphela: "Thina wahlamba, wahlamba, wahlamba ngendlela inkungu ekhasa njengomuzi ongangeneki." Isilandiso ngolimi Russian kule design zithathwa njengeziNdawo ezingamaGugu umusho owodwa.

Abakwazi kubhekwe amafomu iyunifomu lucebe okubophela izinhlayiya "hhayi" futhi "kanjalo" (bheka Ungalibuki, ukuze sihambe njengoba ukuhamba nokunye okunjalo). Lezi zinhlanganisela esitebeleni kungukuthi ahlukaniswe ngekhoma.

Kungase kungabi amalungu eyohlobo futhi izingxenye isilandiso, okuyinto uwukubonakaliswa inhlanganisela tento (go ukuphumula, ake ubone, thatha futhi ngikhononda futhi m. P.). Umklamo babo abakwazi kubhekwe njengento sipho nge isilandiso eyohlobo.

Izibonelo imisho ngelithi tenkhulumo (ungapheli amandla noma ukuthatha, futhi izinhlanzi noma izinyoni, hleka bihlika, nokunye. N.) Ingabe ihlukaniswa ngokweminyaka nenqubo efanayo.