Umsuka wegama elithi "Russia". Meaning of igama elithi "Rus"

Indaba ulimi, kakhulu umsuka wegama elithi "Russia" bekulokhu of interest ososayensi - Philologists, izazi-mlando, izazi zezilimi. ukuqonda kwakhe igama elithi wanika abalobi abaningi Russian. Isetshenziselwa ngemisebenzi temdzabu. Imizamo yokuqala ukuchaza umqondo wamagama inomsuka eminyakeni eminingi edlule. Kuleli khulu leminyaka elidlule, kwavela izinguqulo eziningana nencazelo yalo, kodwa akekho kubo Kwakungenjalo ngokuphelele.

Umsuka wegama elithi "Russia" kanye namagugu kwezincwadi abantu Russian

Ukweseka imibono esivezwe ngenhla, singakwazi usho nezibonelo izincwadi abalobi ngubani ukwethula umbono yazo ngomsuka futhi incazelo yaleli zwi "Russia".

Inguqulo, ezashiwo Nestor, njengoba kukholelwa kanjalo ngokuvamile, ingenye endala kakhulu. Umbhali "The Tale of esidlule Iminyaka" kwesokunxele yesizukulwane irekhodi, ephoqa ukucabanga ngezinto eziningi, kuhlanganise umsuka abantu isiRashiya, ezweni lawo zomlando. A incazelo ezahlukene imiqondo ahlinzekwa ezinye izibalo etemibhalo owaziwa esidlule. Ikakhulukazi Kuyaphawuleka umsebenzi ucwaningo M. V Lomonosova, N. M. Karamzina ( "Umlando we State Russian"), L. N. Gumileva ( "Kusukela Rus eRussia").

Esikhathini inoveli V Chivilikhin "Memory" umlobi ukubeka phambili okufushane bokuba khona imisuka simbe, ekwazi ukondla amandla lomuntu ngamunye abahlala izwe lazo lendabuko. With ikhono ukuhlonipha ezweni lawo zomlando, ukwazi ulimi namasiko waboyisemkhulu, abantu singakhuthazela futhi kunqobe noma iyiphi ubunzima. Umsebenzi inikeza ubufakazi nesenzakalo lamalokishi Russian lokuqala loMfula imifula eminingi nasemachibini amaningi.

Umsuka wegama elithi "Russia" bubonakala eziningi esikoleni futhi inyuvesi izincwadi. Ngo incazelo abanye abalobi 'we imiqondo zifana kakhulu. Okunye ososayensi ukuba abafundi umbono wakho ezahlukene kusukela ukubukwa ozakwabo. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi ngamunye abalobi akwenzile bacwaninga phambi ubeka phambili isiphakamiso sakho. Futhi ewufanele nenhlonipho.

Umthelela angaphandle kanye nezilimi zasendulo ngokuzalwa imibono eyayisinesikhathi

Kukhona izinguqulo eziningi, lapho imfundiso yokuziphendukela umsuka wegama elithi "Rus" ixhunyiwe ngezilimi zangaphandle. Ngokwesibonelo, iqembu lisetshenziswe impande Western "eng", ukubaluleka kuyehla kube bear izwi. Ulimi Finno-Ugric lolwakha ezifana umsindo khona. Konke lokhu wakha sisekelo ukuvela inguqulo nakakhulu, echaza umsuka wegama elithi "Russia".

ulimi Latin futhi emenza hypothesis, uzama ukuchaza lokho okushiwo yile umqondo. izwi Cognate ngalolo emaphandleni ulimi incazelo.
Ukuhluka azalelwa igama efanele futhi amagama abantu isiSwidi, Iranian, Old Russian, ngezilimi eziningi Slavic. Ngokwesiko, incazelo yaleli umqondo ihlobene lizwe asendulo etholakala eMpumalanga naseNyakatho-Europe, kanye nabantu abahlala kuwo. Iningi zezilimi namanje oyikholelwayo ukuthi igama elithi "Russia" ngenxa yezizathu eziningi akakwazi ukuba umsuka Slavic - kuziwa kusuka olimini lwangaphandle.

okufushane Omunye

Kukhona iqembu elikhulu ososayensi, izazi zolimi, izazi-mlando, ngubani bathi le Umsuka wegama elithi "Russia" negama Umfula noma ibizo elisho emanzini. Le nguqulo ubukeka ithembeke kakhulu futhi has ubufakazi obuphathekayo.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi iningi nemizana lwamaSlav lasendulo uvele ngokunembile loMfula imifula kanye namachibi ezaziwayo. Amanzi kusiza kakhulu ukuphila kwabantu, lalisetshenziswa umsebenzi kwezomnotho kuyinto isithiyo yemvelo endleleni amabutho ayizitha amanzi kalula ukuhambisa ehlobo, badedele imigwaqo ebusika.
Yilokho okushiwo igama elithi "Russia" ungaphakathi uxhumano ngqo Igama lomfula, loMfula okuyinto ezikhathini zasendulo kwakuqondwe isiphetho esisekelwe, okuyinto eyaba ekuqaleni imizi emikhulu. Kuyaziwa ukuthi Rho eyaziwa - kuba owumthelela kwesokudla Dnieper anamandla. edlule igama elifanayo eminyaka egqoka eziningi. Igama elithi "Russia" kuyinto okuhlobene igama omunye izingalo komfula delta yayo. Bay, lapho wawa, wabizwa tiered.

amagama afanayo nezinye komfula omncane kuyinto owumthelela emizimbeni emikhulu yamanzi. Kule ndaba, kumelwe singakhohlwa nokuthi omkhulu noMfula iVolga endulo futhi wabizwa ngokuthi Ras futhi Rho.

okufushane amabili

Ngokusho B. A. Rybakova, futhi lapha kwakukhona iqembu abanye ososayensi, umsuka wegama elithi "Russia", "Russian" lihlotshaniswa igama isizwe, ebebaphila zasendulo ahamba ingxenye enkulu yensimu zanamuhla eMpumalanga Yurophu - Kiev enyakatho zone asemaqeleni eningizimu. Kamuva izizwe Ros noma Rus, njengoba amaphayona ayebizwa kanjalo, kwangena omakhelwane babo. Inyunyana zezizwe kwaba isizathu kokuzalwa kwabantu, okwathi kamuva waziwa ngokuthi isiRashiya, kanti endaweni yakubo - Rus.

okufushane wesithathu

Elinye iqembu ososayensi bezama ukuchaza umsuka nencazelo yegama elithi "Russia", kusho ukuthi incazelo yalo akuyona esihlobene amanzi ehlathini. Dew - is stubbing amahlathi, abantu bazinza endaweni ehlanganiswa kwamahlathi. Lokho ehlathini wasiza le mikhaya ukuba ephila ngaphansi kwezimo ezingezinhle neze, enika ukufudumala, ukudla, ezikuvumela ukwenza izinto eyayidingeka kakhulu ekhaya.

Leli qembu akunakubangelwa izinguqulo komunye nomunye. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, elithi "bear" kwezinye izilimi Western Europe ku umsindo yayo kakhulu efana impande "Russian". Lokho kusho ukuthi Russ kungenzeka ukubiza abantu abaye esezinzile ihlathi, okuholela ngendlela nezimfihlo zokuphila, kodwa eqinile futhi enamandla sona sifana nebhere. Lesi silwane ayebhekwa abakhileyo ezinamandla kakhulu futhi ezisabekayo emahlathini.

okufushane ezine

Lo mbono ihlobene ukubukeka ngayo amazwi ayeshiwo Finno-Ugric iqembu. Kwezinye zazo kukhona izwi ezifanayo umsindo yayo, izimpande pronunciation "wakhula". Enguqulweni, kuzwakala sengathi "amaViking", okusho ukuthi "Merc". Ngokuyinhloko, amaViking babe abantu, okwakukhona kuwo ezindaweni amazwe aseMpumalanga Yurophu. Kamuva, indawo lapho iningi labo beza, kamuva eyabizwa ngokuthi i Rus. Ekuqaleni, igama elithi "amaViking" kwakungelona igama abantu, futhi yabonisa isimo social iqembu labantu.

Manje, kukhona kucatshangwa ukuthi amaViking futhi Russian - Lawa ngamazwi ukuthi sekuseduze ejiyile. Abonisa igama bantu ababehlala ensimini ka isimo lasendulo enyakatho yeYurophu.

okufushane lesihlanu

Omunye imicabango ezivamile ukuchaza incazelo yegama elithi kanye nemvelaphi yawo, okubonisa ukuthi "Rus" - akulona igama isizwe. Ngokusho ososayensi, babiza labo babehilelekile lokuqoqa intela kwabantu okwadingeka ukusigcwalisa.

Ukuqinisekiswa le nguqulo lihunyushwe wanamuhla "Tale of esidlule Iminyaka" lapho igama izizwe Slavic kuqhathaniswa elithi "Ros".

Amagama kanye impande esifanayo, nencazelo yabo

Uma ucabangela okushiwo Russia, akunakwenzeka hhayi ukuziqhakambisa ukuba khona wonke iqembu amafomu ukuthi sekuseduze ukuba ke ejiyile. Ngemva ucwaningo oluncane kulula ukwazi ukuthi ngamunye ukutolika ngenhla lokhu noma ukuthi indlela futhi ngenxa amanzi, umfula, ulwandle.

Ngokwesibonelo, mermaid - isidalwa wasenganekwaneni ukuthi uhlala imizimba amanzi. Mayelana itshela izinkolelo yobuqaba yasendulo. Futhi Rapids ka Dnieper uhlala kwenye silo fabulous, igama lakhe - Eng.

Kwezinye izindawo zezigodi Russian kuze kube manje esetshenziswa amayunithi lucebe kokuba impande ezivamile ngegama elithi Russia. Ngokwesibonelo, ruslina - induku noma Rapids, Rust - ukunyakaza okusheshayo amanzi ukugeleza isiqondiso - inkatho phezu kwezwe, indawo lapho umfula ugeleza khona. Amagama Ruslan Ruslan Kunenkolelo, nazo lihlobene negama Russia.

esikhundleni isiphetho

Izinguqulo Umsuka wegama elithi "Russia", ezihlukahlukene omkhulu wabo ukhombe esithakazelweni esikhulu kule ndaba hhayi kuphela ososayensi emhlabeni jikelele, kodwa futhi abantu abavamile. Ukubhekisisa udaba asikapheli phakathi namakhulu eminyaka.

Inani elikhulu izinguqulo ekhona ibonisa ukwehluleka ukuxazulula inkinga. Kodwa kuyacaca okulandelayo: kumiswa isimo esinamandla lasendulo Russian Wawugujelwani kumiswa isizwe lwahlangana kanti futhi ukuzalwa isiRashiya. Izimo ehlangene kwehlukana izinduna ka Rus, ayehlasela AmaTatar, okwaholela yokuthi ekuthuthukiseni impucuko izindawo ngabanye wahamba indlela yayo.

Kodwa naphezu eminyaka yokuphila engahlangani, "ukuhlangana yamazwe Russian" namanje aphethwe, kamuva kwaholela ukuvela i esihlanganisiwe geqe Russian.