Lighthouse - ke ... etymology, okusho ngezigaba. amabhikhoni Iningi okuyimfihlakalo ukuthula

Mhlawumbe wonke umuntu emhlabeni ejwayelene Lighthouse e-Aleksandriya. Eyakhelwe BC ngekhulu lesithathu leminyaka, namuhla kunjengoba omunye eyaziwa sezimangaliso eziyisikhombisa zezwe. Ngisho nangaleso sikhathi, yayakhiwe ngenjongo ethile: ke esesizile Mariners hamba zamakhorali ngokuphepha, okuyinto in a inqwaba livelile indlela eya e-Aleksandriya bay. Ntambama imikhumbi besizwa ngale kukholomu nomusi nokukhanya ebusuku - bubhalwe imililo. Kanjani ukuze ukhethe indawo ukuze kwakhiwe lokhu lighthouse? Lapho lezi zakhiwo zisabalele? Baphi amabhikhoni kakhulu ezingaqondakali zomhlaba? Futhi yini igama elithi "Indlu yesibani"? Izimpendulo zale mibuzo kanye neminye imikhakha ukubukeka ngaphezulu ngezansi!

Lighthouse: Inani kwisichazamazwi etymological

Izazi zolimi zithi izimpande izwi e Proto-Slavic. "Ma'ak" yaba isisekelo sezinguqulo Old Russian elithi "mayak", okuyinto zihunyushelwe yesimanje izindlela Russian "uphawu" noma "uphawu". Ngaphezu kwalokho, ma'ak - Polish majak isisekelo, okusho "utalagu, yafakwa kwenye." "Lighthouse" bavumelane Indian lasendulo, New Persian futhi amazwi Ossetic kokuba ukuhumusha "inqwaba".

Lighthouse: okusho namuhla

Kuze kube yimanje, amabhikhoni kuyokusiza ukuba navigation umbhoshongo hlobo. Letakhi unomphela zitholakala osebeni lweChibi imizimba omkhulu wamanzi futhi ube ngqo izixhumanisi ezindawo.

Esikhathini isichazamazwi ochazayo Ubuye "yesibani". Okusho - "umbhoshongo, ifakwe izibani agqoke, esisogwini lolwandle."

Ngokusho injongo amabhikhoni zihlukaniswe izinhlobo eziningana:

- Port. Lezi zakhiwo zitholakala emnyango echwebeni.

- Predosteregatelnye. Lezi amabhikhoni ukuvumela imikhumbi ukubona izindawo eziyingozi ye fairway.

- sekukhomba. Umgomo wabo oyinhloko - ukuvumela ematilosini ukuhlola ngokunemba we Yiqiniso kanye lelo isikepe. Lezi amabhikhoni zivamise ibekwe ngqo olwandle - e angajulile noma amatshe. Ngokuvamile, njengoba isisekelo ngokudala kwemibhoshongo kokuphakama yokufakelwa.

Beacon ngaphakathi nangaphandle

Umdwebo ejwayelekile ezimhlophe lwezindlu zezibani. Kukhona izakhiwo ngemivimbo ovundlile emnyama noma obomvu. Yakha zezibani ngesimo imibhoshongo. Isici esiyinhloko salezi kwemibhoshongo wukuthi usayizi umxhwele aqoshiweyo okuvela ngazo esakhiwe, kukhona mass cishe Monolithic. Uthole lo mphumela sibonga priteske izinga.

Lighthouse kwaba kuyabonakala ngisho kunesiphepho, ifakwe umthombo onamandla ukukhanya. I indawo umnakekeli ngokuvamile eyakhelwe eduze umbhoshongo main, uma itholakala ogwini. Kodwa uma lighthouse itholakala phakathi kolwandle, ophilayo isikhala umgcini ukukhanya ihlelwe ngqo esakhiweni. Ngokushesha etholakala emafektri, amathangi amanzi.

izici navigation

Ukuze ngomkhumbi iqembu abone okuyinto uhlangothi umkhumbi eza lighthouse, abanye izibani kukhona umbala umbala, ehlanganisa bands eziningana umbala ethile. Lezi bands abizwa ngokuthi "usuku uphawu". Ebusuku, lo msebenzi wenziwa izibani wemboni. wemboni White komlilo, okuyinto waqoka yesibani, kuyinto sektr ephephile. Kwesobunxele komkhakha zokuphepha kungenziwa oqokiwe umlilo obomvu, futhi kwesokudla - oluhlaza.

Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo zezibani

Lighthouse endala - lighthouse, etholakala e-Spain. Yakhiwa yi-Roman umbusi uTrajan ngekhulu lesibili! A Statue of Liberty iminyaka eyishumi nesithupha yasetshenziselwa njengendlela yokuthola navigation. Eyokuqala yesibani itshe, esemgwaqweni eNgilandi, lakhiwa 1756. Wakhomba amatilosi indlela ngosizo amakhandlela 24. Amandla kwemibhoshongo lanamuhla navigation - ezingaphezu kuka ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingamashumi amabili candlepower!

By endleleni, kukhona ngisho ukusebenza esontweni-yesibani. Lokhu-Church of the Ascension. Bamakhela ke ngo-1862 kwi-Big Solovetsky Island. Futhi lighthouse eliphakeme kunawo wonke emhlabeni - steel umbhoshongo elise Yokohama. ukuphakama kwalo elingamamitha angaphezu kwangu-100. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi amabhikhoni bebelokhu baziwa kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, kuya French kwekhulu nesikhombisa, hhayi designated ogwini zabo besebenzisa izibani. Ukuswelakala kokusebenza ngokuhlanganyela amabhikhoni kwaba ukuvimbela ukuhlaselwa pirate.

amabhikhoni ezingaqondakali

Ezweni kukhona abaningi kwemibhoshongo yesibani ishiywe ngaphambilini wakhonza njengephayona Abaqondisi for amatilosi. Bakha eziningi izindaba ezingaqondakali futhi engaqondakali.

Mhlawumbe lighthouse Ayindida kakhulu - kuyinto Eylin Mor. Phakathi kuka-December 1900 lapha ngaphansi kwezimo engaqondakali walahlekelwa umsebenzi wasesiqiwini ezintathu nje! Sail ematilosini yesibani athola amabhokisi angenalutho kuphela, okwakukhona imikhiqizo ngaphambili. Isango okuholela umbhoshongo, kusekeliwe ivaliwe. Uma usuphakathi kuso, amatilosi bamangala: abagcini abangu embhedeni, edeskini waqonda - esiphendula esibhekisa phansi. ukukhanya umgcini raincoats babe lapha. Nokho, amatilosi kakhulu washaya Eqinisweni ezilandelayo: imicibisholo nzonzobala wonke amawashi ise umbhoshongo, okubonisa esifanayo. Imfihlakalo uhlala ezingaxazululeki kuze kube yilolu suku.

Kukhona yesibani emhlabeni, ngokuletha abantu izifo ezingokomzimba. Itholakala e-UK. Talakre yesibani yasala dengwane ngasekupheleni kwekhulu nesishiyagalolunye, kodwa izivakashi yayo namuhla esekhala izimpawu zezifo ezihlukahlukene ezenzeka ngemuva kokuvakashela isakhiwo. Umlando yesibani ofunda omunye abagcini yakhe afela emsebenzini. Isizathu waba imfiva. Ezinye izivakashi uthi: ubudala umgcini ukukhanya ngesimo igade umbhoshongo namuhla. Abantu ngokuvamile ukubona isipoki wakhe, okuyinto kuwufanele phezulu, le uhamba eduzane.

I ezibizayo kakhulu emlandweni wase-United States of America beacon - lighthouse, eyakhelwe zamakhorali of St George. On ukwakhiwa yayo wathatha isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka eyishumi. Nokho, labo abafisa ukusebenza lapha kwaba cishe akukho - isiqhingi lapho likhona, isezingeni amabanga amade uma liya kusuka impucuko, le ndawo njalo zineminyaka amagagasi. Kuhlale wasebenza rangers ezinhlanu, lokhu kwenza ukuba abantu hhayi basangane. Nokho, ngo-1923, abahlanu umgcini ukukhanya zakhukhula igagasi elikhulu. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, ukukhanya in the yesibani neze zilula.