I-London Metal Exchange. Umlando wemvelaphi nokusebenza

Bambalwa abantu abazi ukuthi iLondon Metal Exchange iyimakethe enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni yezinkontileka zesikhathi esizayo nezokukhetha, lapho izinsimbi ziyizinto ezingaphansi. Naphezu kokungaziwa kabanzi kubantu abaningi, imiphakathi yezezimali, amabhizinisi anamandla amakhulu kanye nabathengisi bezimpahla ezinkulu bahlonipha kakhulu futhi bayakwazisa lesi sikhungo.

Ukushintshaniswa kweLondon kukuvumela ukuba uphethe izivumelwano ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya kwezingu-123 kusukela ekuqaleni kokuhweba. Ngesizo salo, ungakwazi ukuhlanganisa izindleko zokuthenga kanye nokuhweba okwenzelwe ukulethwa kwangempela, kanye nezingozi zokudoba.

I-London Metal Exchange inomlando omude futhi isebenza kusukela ngo-1877. Ekuqaleni, kuphela i-zinc, ukuhola neyethusi okwakudayiswa kuyo. Ngo-1978 i-aluminium yayihlanganisiwe kuloluhlu, ngonyaka we-nickel wanezelwa. Khona-ke tin (1989), ama-aluminium alloys (1992), insimbi (2008), i-molybdenum ne-cobalt (2010) yabonakala phakathi kwezinsimbi ezihlongozwayo. Umthamo wonyaka wokuhweba waminyaka yonke ulinganiselwa ku-11.6 trillion dollar.

Indlela endala kakhulu futhi ethandwa kakhulu ukuphetha amadili ukuphatha indayimenti yezwi evulekile. Lokhu yisixhumanisi esiyinhloko kumanani entengo. Ukwakhiwa kwexabiso kubonakala ngezikhathi ezinomsoco kakhulu kunombuthano omncane wabahlanganyeli bezokushintshanisa nge-auction yezwi phakathi kwabamele abakhulu nabathengi. Intengo yokugcina yabathengi, izwakala ngaphambi kwesignali mayelana nokuphela kokuhweba, iba yintengo yokuvala esemthethweni yezivumelwano.

I-London Metal Exchange isebenza ngesikhathi sokuhweba sasekuseni nasentambama. Ngesikhathi ngasinye, izinsimbi eziyisishiyagalolunye zithengiswa ngamabhuloki amabili imizuzu engu-5 ngenkontileka ngayinye. Isimiso sasekuseni siqala ngo-11: 40 futhi sihlala kuze kube ngu-13: 10, futhi iseshini yemini iqala ngo-14: 55 kuya ku-16: 15. Bobabili banekhefu leshumi. Okubaluleke kakhulu kumanani amanani yi-block 2 ekuseni. Ngemuva kokuqala kokuhweba kokuqala nesesibili, ukuhweba ngaphezulu kwe-counter kwemizuzu engu-45 no-85 kuqala. Izinketho ezithengisiwe, ikusasa nezinketho ze-Tarot.

Izinsimbi eziyigugu, eziphambene nokungaqondi kahle okungafani, azifakiwe ohlwini lwezimpahla ezinikezwa yiLondon Metal Exchange. Igolide nesiliva zithengiswa emakethe yeLondon engaphezu kweyaseLondon, kuyilapho i-platinum ne-palladium zinezohwebo zabo ezihlukile.

Njengomthetho, izinto ezibonakalayo zensimbi azenzeki, njengoba izinhlangano eziningi zingena ezinkontileka zomshuwalense wengozi. Kodwa-ke, ingxenye encane yezinkontileka eziholela ekuhlinzekeni kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba ithatha ingxenye ekuguqukeni kwentengo.

Ilayisense yaseLondon Metal Exchange futhi ikhulisa inethiwekhi yezinto zokugcina impahla nezinqolobane emazweni amaningi emhlabeni jikelele. Izinkampani zendawo yokugcina impahla kufanele ziqinisekise ukuhambisana nokulandela okuqinile okuthola ilayisense.

Ngenxa yomsebenzi wokuhweba walolu exchange, amabhizinisi amakhulu ezimboni anethuba lokubheka phambili ukunyakaza kwentengo esheshayo futhi enzima. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyasiza ukunquma ukubaluleka kwesikhathi esizayo zezinsimbi ezinyangeni eziningi ezizayo. Ngenxa yemali ephezulu, amanani ale exchange ayabonwa yibo bonke abathengi kanye nabakhiqizi bezinsimbi kuzo zonke izingxenye zomhlaba.