Hostel - Iyini? okusho

"Indoda okuzelwe ehostela", - ithi aphorism owaziwa. Yini ukuthi hlobo luni lwezindlu obizwa ngalelo gama futhi yiziphi izici eziwubufakazi? Ake ufunde kabanzi ngalo.

Igama elithi "ehostela" ekhulwini XVIII-XIX

Ezinsukwini ubudala, igama elithi "umphakathi" liye lasetshenziswa ngomqondo ohlukile kuka kusenjalo nanamuhla.

Kuyini lokhu? Ukuze ubone lokhu, vele ukubheka elithi "ehostela" ku Dictionary "Ukhohlwe futhi amagama anzima XVIII-XIX eminyaka." Lokhu ehostela edition okuqinile ngokuthi "ikhono lomuntu oyedwa ukuba benze umphakathi ophucukile." By the way, kule umqondo igama elithi livela noveli Aleksandra Sergeevicha Pushkina sika "Eugene Onegin".

Modern incazelo lucebe kwegama elithi "ehostela"

Isichazamazwi efanayo amazwi ukhohliwe futhi eminyaka nzima esidlule okukhulunywa omunye ukuchaza igama elithi kokubuyekezwa. Ngakho lokhu Ibizo e elidala ingxenye okuthiwa ukuphila kwansuku zonke, ukuphila kwansuku zonke. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi le uchasise ngaphezulu "olukhuni" futhi izinguquko ezimbalwa baqhubeka ekhulwini XX.

Ngakho, nge obhekwe amandla zaseSoviet soMthethosisekelo wayo igama elithi "ehostela" Inani atholwe "kwezinkambiso kokuphila komphakathi" futhi "isakhiwo zokuphila kwansuku zonke."

Nakuba namuhla leli incazelo yaleli zwi sisabenza, iningi labantu abakhuluma isiRashiya baqonde ngaphansi kwaleli gama okunye. Cishe wonke umuntu omdala nengane uyazi ukuthi ehostela - indawo eziphilayo yesikhashana ndawonye abafundi, abasebenzi, ngezamabhizinisi kanye nabanye abantu abangenayo izindlu unomphela bebodwa.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi esikhathini kakhulu XVIII-XIX eminyaka yizindawo zesikhashana ezikhungweni zemfundo ngokuthi "esakeni".

Umsuka wegama ibizo

Leli gama ekuqaleni Russian futhi ayinaso analogue ngezinye izilimi Slavic. Ngakho e-Ukraine ukuze ubheke lolu hlobo yokukhosela wasebenzisa igama elithi "gurtozhitok" e-Belarusian - "іnternat" in the Polish - Schronisko, futhi Czech - ubytovna.

Kwakheka Ibizo "ehostela" phezu inhlanganisela amagama amabili: ". Bukhoma" "jikelele" futhi By endleleni, ngenxa yalesi sizathu, uma ukuhlaziywa yezingxenye we morpheme ngokushesha ukukhulula izimpande amabili: "Umphakathi" futhi "Nkosikazi", exhunywe omunye komunye interfiksom "e".

Synonyms

Njengoba okushiwo "umphakathi" kanye nemvelaphi yawo, kubalulekile ukuba sinake ukukhethwa imiqondofana ke.

I-analog ezijwayeleke kakhulu salokho gama ibizo elithi "ehostela" cognate ngaye. Ezimweni eziningi lokhu kuyinto yinye umthunzi ambalwa ajwayelekile futhi ngokuvamile hhayi esetshenziswa asemthethweni.

Njengoba i Analogue kwegama elithi "umphakathi" zingenza ukusebenzisa amagama athi "ekhaya" noma "yokuhlala" - kodwa abakwazi esikhundleni ngokugcwele ke njalo.

Kuye esinikezwe isikhungo esithile uyalandisa ehostela njengoba analogs ukusetshenziselwa lokhu izwi ibizo "emabhalekisini" (esikoleni noma kwezinye izindawo wezempi) noma "Skit" (at esigodlweni isonto).

Uma umphakathi ikakhulukazi uba nedumela elibi ke njengoba omqondofana ukuze kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa amabizo ezifana "umhume" noma "den".

Uma sicabanga leli gama lisetshenziswa ngomqondo zokuziphatha, ukuziphatha, kungenzeka ukukhetha imiqondofana ke: "ekuphileni kwansuku zonke" noma "ukuphila".

Izici amahostela

Ngemva kokuhlola ukubaluleka ibizo elithi "ehostela", kubalulekile ukuba sihlole kabanzi izici zalesi hlobo luni lwezindlu, kanye nemibono yakhe, imithetho, imithetho ekhona.

Isici esiyinhloko kakhulu yalezi zindlu ngukutsi abantu abaningana abahlala ekamelweni elilodwa. Futhi iningi Izindawo kwenziwa ngaphandle kokubheka ubungane babo noma izibopho zomkhaya (ngaphandle yokuhlala umndeni). Ngakho-ke, nina enakhileyo ehostela ngamunye endaweni-embhedeni owodwa nje futhi kungenzeka yokwabelana yokugezela, ikhishi, ilondolo nezinye "zesimanje" evamile.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi igumbi uhlelo indawo esakhiweni esithile, phansi ngamunye noma iyunithi abe ezivamile yangasese, yokugezela kanye nekhishi. Kwezinye izimo, imidlalo Igumbi, ejimini, igumbi ilondolo nomtapo wezincwadi.

Njengomthetho, yokuhlala akukuniki ilungelo isikhala ephilayo, futhi azimele yayo. Nokho, lokhu kusebenza kuphela nomthetho we Russian Federation. Phela, ngokomthetho Ukrainian ukuze ezimeleyo egumbini ehostela kungaba, nakuba kunzima kakhulu ukukwenza lokho. Imikhawulo ensimini ka WaseRussia ngenxa yokuthi ngamunye lezi zakhiwo kungokwalabo ejensi ngabanye (esikoleni, imboni, Abezempi nokunye. P.) Futhi akuyona impahla ngokuhlanganyela. Kule ndaba, abahlali zabo umkhuba cishe buthuntu, futhi ngasiphi isikhathi kungenzeka axoshwe endaweni ngimatasa futhi. Ngenxa yalokhu iqiniso yokuphila edabukisayo, iningi okuthile abantu basemadolobheni abangavamile dorm azibonayo kubo njengoba indawo yokuhlala yesikhashana futhi ngokuphelele abanandaba nenhlalakahle yabo. Ngenxa yalokho, isilinganiso ehostela (isithombe ngezansi) ibukeka elibuhlungu kakhulu.

Nakuba leli cala kanye ngaphandle ujabulile mthetho edabukisayo.

kuyinsakavukela Square emahostela eRussia nase-Ukraine

Endaweni yeMibuso ehlukene, lapho kukhona into okuthiwa "ehostela", kuncike emithethweni ethile elawula yokuhlala kuyo.

Ngakho, ngokuvumelana nemithetho WaseRussia, ehostela ngamunye umhlali kufanele zabelwe okungenani 4.5 m ² ndawo.

Kodwa ngokuvumelana nomthetho-Ukrainian, kule ndawo Kuthi emikhulu - 6 m ² owakhileyo ngekamelo, kanye kusukela 5 m ² eKiev.

izinhlobo amahostela

Kunezinhlobo eziningana kule hlobo luni lwezindlu. Konke kuncike inhlangano elifanelana nalo, futhi kusukela ngalolo, ibalwa lokho ngokunxusa kwabahlali:

• Student Residence - lokhu ingenye ezinhlotsheni eziningi wasendulo wokukhulekela izindawo zokuhlala, okuyinto evela Ephakathi. Ngokuvamile, lezi iyokwakhiwa amakamelo ehostela abantu 2-4 (futhi ngezinye izikhathi ezingaphezu), banikwa indawo yokulala kwedeski. Lezi dorms anikezwa abafundi nonresident ukuze esigcwele futhi itoho amafomu ngesikhathi yokuqeqeshwa kwabo. Ngemva kokuphothula esikoleni esiphakeme noma uxoshwe umfundi ngokuzenzakalela akhishwe ehostela alinalo ilungelo lesi sikhala ephilayo, ngisho noma sikucabanga.
• ehostela Small-umndeni - kuba ikamelo, okuyinto inikezwe umndeni owodwa noma umhlali ethile. Akukona podselyayut bangaphandle, njengoba kwenzeka emsebenzini umfundi ehostela. Ngokwenza kanjalo, igumbi namanje sintula izindawo ezithile engakutholanga azimele.
• ehostela Workers - zezindlu ezikhethekile abasebenzi angaphandle inkampani ethile. Phakathi zonke izinhlobo - lena ukhululekile okungenani. Njengomthetho, egumbini ehostela bahlala kusukela abasebenzi abane ukuba amabili. Kulokhu, ezingeni lokuthuthwa kwendle lezi zindawo ngezinye izikhathi kungaba afana Ihhotela (izinkanyezi ezimbili), nakuba lokhu ngaphandle kunokuba umthetho.

I dorms igumbi elime ngayo uhlobo zihlukaniswe block yendlela.

dorms futhi kukhona amadoda, abesifazane ephilayo ndawonye.

Ngokungafani ehostela efulethini ngokuhlanganyela

Uma kusukela efulethini evamile noma yangasese endlini ehostela libhekene yokuthi kukhona abahlala ndawonye abangabazi nabo kufanele wabelane ekhishini, yokugezela ephasijini ke ngumphakathi kubo umehluko sincane kakhulu. Kodwa, zikhona yini ezinye.

Okokuqala, kule ndawo ababelala kuyo yomuntu kungokwalabo noma embhedeni owodwa noma igumbi. Efulethini wabelane umuntu noma wonke umndeni ingalungiswa amakamelo amaningana.

Omunye umehluko oyinhloko futhi ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi kungenzeka Ezakhamuzini ezindlini ohlanganyelwe uthenge endaweni yangasese matasa yokuhlala - ukuze ezimeleyo ke. Yini angeke kwenziwe nge egunjini ehostela, ngokomthetho Russian (kungenzeka e-Ukraine).

Nakuba yokugezela ekhishini in the amafulethi ohlanganyelwe nazo ihlukaniswe bodwa nje abantu abambalwa, ngokuvamile ibala ugesi ngamunye "efulethini" ngumnikazi. Futhi e ohlanganyelwe ngokuvamile ahlukaniswe nomunye phezu plate sikaphalafini, ekhishini izitsha kanye isitoreji ndawo. Nakuba amahostela kuyaqabukela setha zokubala ahlukene igumbi ngalinye. Njengoba for ekhishini ezivamile, ngokuvamile ukuze ekhishini fixed amakamelo angaba yishumi ukwabelana izitofu nezinye izesekeli akunakwenzeka nesimo esinjalo.