Ukuhlunga amasu izinhlelo: ukuhlunga "bubble"

bubble uhlobo akubhekwa kuphela ukuba indlela esheshayo, ngaphezu kwalokho, ke evala uhlu izindlela okulengayo ukuhlela. Nokho, kunezinzuzo zako. Ngakho, indlela yokuhlunga bubble - kakhulu ukuthi akekho yisisombululo zemvelo kuhleleke ukuze inkinga, uma ufuna ukuhlela izinto ngendlela ethile. Umuntu abavamile ngesandla, isibonelo, sizosebenzisa kubo - inqobo nje uma umuzwa.

Lapho benza igama obungajwayelekile?

igama Indlela wakhuphuka, usebenzisa analogy air Bubbles emanzini. Kuyinto singathekiso. Njengoba nje Bubbles kancane umoya avuke phezulu - ngoba inhlanganiso yabo mkhulu kunezinhliziyo uketshezi (kuleli cala - amanzi), futhi isici afanayo ngayinye, ezincane kuba ukubaluleka, indlela kancane kuya phezulu izinombolo ohlwini.

Incazelo ye-algorithm

bubble uhlobo wenziwa ngendlela elandelayo:

• pass lokuqala: yezinhlobo izinombolo afanayo ethathwa amabhangqa amabili futhi uma kuqhathaniswa. Uma ezinye izakhi-indoda amabili ithimba Inani lokuqala mkhulu yesibili, uhlelo kuwenza exchange izindawo;
• ngenxa yalokho, abaningi kakhulu ageje ekupheleni afanayo. Nakuba zonke ezinye izici ukuhlala njengoba babenjalo, ngendlela kunezinxushunxushu futhi zidinga ngaphezulu ukuhlunga;
• ngakho-ke adinga pass yesibili: yenziwa by Isifaniso dlule (kakade kuchazwe) futhi enezinto eziningi ukuqhathanisa - kushiywa munye;
• kule nombolo ndima ukuqhathanisa ezintathu, kushiywa munye kuneyesibili, futhi laba ababili, kulokuqala. Nokunye;
• fingqa ukuthi Engxenyeni ngayinye has (wonke amanani kumalungu afanayo, inombolo ethile) lokususa (inombolo ndima) ukuqhathanisa.

algorithm Ngisho emifushane kohlelo singatlolwa bunjesi:

• uxhaxha izinombolo iyenziwa nje noma iziphi izinombolo ezimbili zitholakala, owesibili wabo nakanjani esikhulu kunesokuqala;
• ngokungalungile kahle maqondana nomunye izakhi Swaps isofthiwe afanayo.

Pseudocode esekelwe algorithm echazwe

Ukuqaliswa elula Kwenziwa kanje:

inqubo Sortirovka_Puzirkom;

ekuqaleni

umjikelezo ngoba j kusukela nachalnii_index ukuba konechii_index;

umjikelezo ngoba i kusuka nachalnii_index ukuba konechii_index-1;

uma massiv [i]> massiv [i + 1] (isici sokuqala mkhulu kunezinhliziyo ngomzuzwana), khona-ke:

(Ushintsho ubeka amagugu);

ukuphela

Yiqiniso, lokhu lula eshubisa kuphela isimo: kuncono uma lilula ngoba algorithm, kulapho sinezimfanelo wonke amaphutha. Investment isilinganiso kwesikhathi okungathiwa mkhulu ngokweqile njengoba ngisho nezinto ezincane (lapha iza kwezinto: Inani isikhathi sokuba ongelutho Kungabonakala sengathi senza okuncane, kodwa eqinisweni Unicode zonke ukubalwa wesibili noma ngisho imizuzwana emincane).

Kwathatha kwetfulwa lokuncono. Ngokwesibonelo, kucatshangelwa exchange yamanani izindawo afanayo:

inqubo Sortirovka_Puzirkom;

ekuqaleni

sortirovka = kweqiniso;

umjikelezo kuze sortirovka = kweqiniso;

sortirovka = amanga;

umjikelezo ngoba i kusuka nachalnii_index ukuba konechii_index-1;

uma massiv [i]> massiv [i + 1] (isici sokuqala mkhulu kunezinhliziyo ngomzuzwana), khona-ke:

(Ukushintsha izakhi izindawo);

sortirovka = kweqiniso; (Ezikhonjwe ukuthi exchange lwenziwe).

Ukuphela.

ukulinganiselwa

The main kusimo - okuyisikhathi sokwenza inqubo. Singakanani isikhathi wenziwa ukuhlunga algorithm bubble?

isikhathi Lead ibalwa kusukela inani izinombolo isikwele afanayo - umphumela kuba ezilinganiselwe.

Uma ecaleni okubi array sidlulile njengoba izikhathi eziningi njengoba inezici lokususa nenani elilodwa kuphela. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba ekugcineni kukhona isici esisodwa kuphela, okuyinto abanalutho ukuqhathanisa, futhi pass zokugcina ngokusebenzisa afanayo iba isinyathelo engenamsebenzi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, indlela ephumelelayo ukuhlunga ukushintshana elula, njengoba ibizwa, kuphela amaqoqo usayizi encane. esiningi idatha ngosizo inqubo ngeke isebenze: umphumela uyoba noma iphutha noma ukwehluleka kohlelo.

isithunzi

bubble uhlobo kulula kakhulu ukuyiqonda. Uhlelo lwezifundo emanyuvesi lobuchwepheshe ekuhloleni izakhi ukuhleleka afanayo yayo kudlule okokuqala. Le ndlela kulula ukuba kusebenze kokubili Delphi ulimi lokwakha (L (Delphi), kanye C / C ++ (C / C plus plus), i amagugu ngendlela emangalisayo elula indawo algorithm ngendlela eqondile futhi ngesikhathi Pascal (Pascal). Bubble uhlobo Luhle Wabasaqalayo.

Ngenxa nemiphumela ethile engathandeki-algorithm alisetshenziswa izinjongo yangemva.

Visual ekuhlungeni isimiso

Ukubuka kokuqala array 8 22 4 74 44 37 1 7

Isinyathelo 8 22 4 1 74 44 37 1 7

8 22 4 74 44 1 37 7

8 22 4 74 1 44 37 7

8 22 4 1 74 44 37 7

8 22 1 4 74 44 37 7

8 1 22 4 74 44 37 7

1 8 22 4 74 44 37 7

Isinyathelo 1 8 22 2 4 74 44 7 37

1 8 22 4 74 7 44 37

1 8 22 4 7 74 44 37

1 8 22 4 7 74 44 37

1 8 4 22 7 74 44 37

1 4 8 22 7 74 44 37

Isinyathelo 1 4 8 3 22 7 74 37 44

1 4 8 22 7 37 74 44

1 4 8 22 7 37 74 44

1 4 8 7 22 37 74 44

1 4 7 8 22 37 74 44

Isinyathelo 1 4 7 4 8 22 37 44 74

1 4 7 8 22 37 44 74

1 4 7 8 22 37 44 74

1 4 7 8 22 37 44 74

Isinyathelo 1 4 7 5 8 22 37 44 74

1 4 7 8 22 37 44 74

1 4 7 8 22 37 44 74

Isinyathelo 1 4 7 6 8 22 37 44 74

1 4 7 8 22 37 44 74

Isinyathelo 1 4 7 7 8 22 37 44 74

bubble uhlobo isibonelo Pascal

Ngokwesibonelo:

kol_mas const = 10;

var massiv: afanayo [1..kol_mas] we inamba;

a, b, k: inamba;

uqale

writeln ( 'input', kol_mas, 'izakhi uhlu');

okwesikhathi: = 1 kuya kol_mas ukwenza readln (massiv [a ]);

okwesikhathi: = 1 kuya kol_mas-1 ukwenza uqale

I-b: = a + 1 kuya kol_mas musa aqale

uma massiv [a]> massiv [ b] bese ziqala

k: = massiv [a]; massiv [a]: = massiv [ b]; massiv [b]: = k;

ukuqeda;

ukuqeda;

ukuqeda;

writeln ( 'ngemva uhlobo');

okwesikhathi: = 1 kuya kol_mas ukwenza writeln (massiv [a ]);

ekupheleni.

ISIBONELO bubble uphenya C ulimi (C)

Ngokwesibonelo:

#include

#include

int main (int argc, Char * argv [])

{

int massiv [8] = {36, 697, 73, 82, 68, 12, 183, 88}, i, ff;

ngoba (;;) {

ff = 0;

(i = 7; i> 0; i -) {

uma (massiv [i] [i- 1]) {

ushintshanise (massiv [i], massiv [i- 1]);

ff ++;

}

}

uma (ff == 0) aphule;

}

getch (); // ukubonisa ukubambezeleka

ukubuyela 0;

}.