Isibonelo ikhasi HTML futhi izimiso eziyisisekelo

Yasungulwa izilimi eziningi, kodwa ulimi we-HTML ingenye ekhethekile kakhulu futhi vosstrebovan. Njengoba kuhilela okuningi kwezinhlelo eziseqhulwini izinhlelo. Okuningi yenziwa itholakale, lapho ezingqondweni unjiniyela ulwazi samanje lokuhlunga - ulimi lwemibhalo yewebhu (HTML).

Empeleni, e-HTML, akukho nzima, futhi emva kwamaminithi ambalwa zonke ezikude kakhulu kusukela izinhlelo ne-Internet abantu uyogcwalisa ukusungulwa-HTML amakhasi notebook. izibonelo neziphawulekayo, ubulula ngempela, kufinyeleleke kuwo wonke umuntu.

incazelo jikelele

ifayela le-HTML - isayithi ikhasi elilodwa, nakuba lokhu debatable, kodwa siyini ifayela elilodwa ngekhasi ngalinye, ukuze uqale kuyacaca.

ifayela le-HTML iqala isihloko DOCTYPE elicacisa ukuthi uhlobo ifayela - HTML. Zonke zekhasi (tags) kuboniswe ngaphakathi engela kubakaki. pair ngamunye ( "< 'futhi'> ') kuhlanganisa omunye silengiso. Ngokuvamile tags zibhangqwe, okungukuthi, ngoba zonke «ithegi» babe «/ ithegi». Kuxoxwa ebiyelwe engela kubakaki. Kukhona umaki owodwa, okuyinto ethandwa kakhulu «br /» - inguquko emgqeni olandelayo.

Ithegi enkulu efayeleni - ke ngokwami HTML, okuhlanganisa ithegi ezimbili kuphela: ekhanda nasemzimbeni. Esimweni sokuqala, sebhithi ezahlukene kubonisa izixhumanisi nezinye ofanelekayo amafayela khasi lingaba PHP samanje futhi i-JavaScript zokubhala. Ngo ekhasini lesibili okuqukethwe ezibhaliwe. Futhi ngesimo tags kanye nemininingwane.

-HTML ekhasini-Simple

Isibonelo ekudaleni ikhasi ezinjalo kuvezwa sihloko ngezansi. Cabanga ngokucophelela.

INHLOKO kwesigaba

The main injongo INHLOKO ithegi - incazelo jikelele ikhasi bese scripts jikelele, nakuba yokugcina - nje umqondo isihlobo. Ngokuvamile lapho inamathela okumqoka ukuthi izinto ezimbili kuphela:

• angukhiye kanye nencazelo kwekhasi;
• izixhumanisi ungahlosile kwamanye amafayela (* .css futhi * .js).

Ukubonisa okuqukethwe kokuqukethwe kwekhasi yalesi sigaba sinamandla ukubaluleka ngokungaqondile kuphela ngoba kubonisa lapho ezinye amafayela ninezimiso CSS tags kanye nezinye izilimi zokubhala.

-HTML ekhasini-has a isihloko (TITLE), okuyinto ibonakala lapho isivakashi uletha mouse lakho phezu ithebhu lapho ikhasi ivulekile. Lokhu kubalulekile, ngoba kwenza ikhasi lemukelekako okuningi, okulula ukukusho kumuntu, ngemvume umbhalo esifundekayo.

META-tags ibalulekile web izinhlelo ngokuvamile, kodwa uma liyadingeka ukudalwa-HTML Amakhasi encwadini, isibonelo imfuhlumfuhlu engathandeki izakhiwo eziphindaphindekayo.

On the LINK kanye script izixhumanisi kufanele unake okukhethekile. Eyokuqala libhekisela endaweni lapho kukhona ifayela CSS Olwandisekayo, kwesibili - indawo ifayela esine-ikhodi. link okunjalo kungenziwa isethwe.

Uma usebenzisa izikripthi kufanele aphathwe njengomuntu olwazini-HTML luqine, kufanele sinake ngokushesha ngemuva Cascading Style Sheets. Amafayela CSS kukhona, ikakhulukazi, imithetho kokubhaliswa tags.

kwesigaba UMZIMBA

Eqinisweni, HTML page isampula - lena kwesigaba UMZIMBA. Kulapha equkethe lonke ulwazi, zonke kwekhasi okuqukethwe. Lonke ulwazi uvezwa uhlobo tags kanye nemininingwane, ezifana ngokufaka esine-ikhodi noma izingcezu PHP-hlelo.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi isibonelo-HTML amakhasi ewebhu e isiphequluli kanye namasistimu isibonelo esifanayo e sombhalo ezifana incwajana, lena akuyona into efanayo. Esimweni sokuqala sikulungele-HTML umbhalo lapho bonke scripts ababulawa. Ngokwesibonelo, PHP uye wagcwalisa ingxenye yalo futhi kwakhiwa esikhundleni ikhodi izindawo ezilungile amathegi. I-JavaScript futhi wagcwalisa umgomo wayo, nakuba ngakho okwamanje ukuba ingxoxo ehlukile.

HTML - ke amathegi esikhundleni zokubhala. Ekugcineni, kuphela okuqukethwe kwekhasi uboniswa isiphequluli, kodwa umaka yayo. Ayikho PHP ikhodi engekho.

I-JavaScript esimweni ekhethekile, ukubanakekela kwakhe - ukukhonza ikhasi, qalisa sikhathi (sindisa) hhayi kuphela, kodwa izikhathi lapho ikhasi kusiphequluli yesivakashi, kanye izifundo ke.

Isibonelo elula we-HTML-page ikhodi (kuphela esigabeni UMZIMBA) kuboniswa ngezansi.

isiphequluli A yesivakashi kubukeka njengoba kukhonjisiwe ngezansi.

ayicaciswangwa ikhodi kumele ibukeke izakhi ukuthi baletha isiphequluli. Zonke design iyabonakala imithetho CSS. Kulokhu, Mcss / ifayela scPhpWordRW.css ukuthi elibaluliwe (bheka. Isibonelo sokuqala ngqá HTML page).

Ngokungafani-HTML, CSS timu okulula, kukhona imithetho kufinyeleleke kakhulu futhi inani labo lincane uma isibonelo ukudalwa-HTML Amakhasi akudingi enye into ngaphandle incwajana. Konke iyatholakala kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa ngokushesha:

Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi kulula kanjani kuchazwe ithegi scLogo_vDoc, futhi le ncazelo ukuthi esimweni evamile ithegi ubonisa isithombe vDoc-logo.png, futhi lapho i-mouse iphelile ke - ukuboniswa vDoc-logo-H.png.

Isakhiwo izincazelo-HTML

Ulimi aluhileli sifeza noma isiphi isakhiwo kanye syntax umqondo lapha isihlobo kakhulu. Azikho eziguquguqukayo, kodwa kukhona kunikwa ematfuba lamanyenti. Ngesisekelo eyisisekelo uxhumano wukuthi kukhona into (tag) ukuthi nakanjani ibe negama.

Igama kunjalo, lo mbhangqwana ithegi, eyakhiwa namabizoqho (igama lemaki) kanye engela kubakaki ( «<» + igama lemaki + «>»), uma sikhuluma ekuqaleni ithegi, futhi «», uma eqoshiwe ekupheleni kwaso.

Isibonelo HTML amakhasi echaza izimfanelo elise umbhalo ngezansi.

Ithegi ungaba izimfanelo ke basuke ngikhipha isikhala ngegama ukumaka ngaphambi kokuthi lokuvala ogobile ">". Isichasiso, uma ithegi kulotshwe kuphela ekuqaleni. Okuqukethwe ithegi wukuthi elisemandleni phakathi Ithegi isiqalo ukuphela kwayo.

Ubude Okuqukethwe kwe-HTML izincazelo

-HTML ikuvumela ukuba ukuchaza isivimbo uxhumekile kwi-inthanethi izakhi. Okokuqala hlala endaweni ethile e kwefasitela lesiphequluli ingabekwa ngokuphelele, ukuthi usendaweni ngakwesokudla emkhakheni isibonisi-HTML Amakhasi, futhi ube usayizi ethize.

izakhi okusemgqeni ngokuvamile bavele yintambo, okungukuthi, njengoba kwashiwo efayeleni ikhasi, futhi babonisa esikrinini. Isibonisi ukugeleza Imininingwane zingathonywa lapho umthwalo ikhasi kwenzeka. On ukubekwa, ukubonakala, kanye nezinye izakhiwo izici block zingathonywa nganoma isiphi isikhathi nge-JavaScript-ikhodi.

Ngaphezu izici elula, i-HTML inikeza ukuchaza amatafula kanye namafomu. Lezo zinto kakhulu funa "kwansuku esakhiweni."

Incazelo ithebula: tags ITHEBULA, TR, TD

Lapho ITHEBULA ithegi ingasetshenziswa ukuze udale ithebula, ucacise inani lemigqa kanye TR zilandelana uma ungumuntu eziningi TD amaseli. Ngokungafani etafuleni evamile yenhlangano, ngenxa yesimo HTML-yomdwebo tabular inhlangano kungagcini lesi simemezelo, ngoba uma unjiniyela ufuna ukuba itafula unxande lapho inombolo yamakholomu zonke imigqa okufanayo, khona-ke kumelwe ulandele ukuthi wena.

Isikhundla olunezimiso we-HTML: ukwenza noma yini, kodwa lutho ukuthi bengayiqondi. Kwezinye izimo-ke akubalulekile kangako nesibalo amakholomu umugqa etafuleni ngalinye, kodwa uma ufuna ukwenza amaseli ukuhlanganisa nendawo noma ume uqonde, kubalulekile ukubala zonke ngokucophelela.

ikhasi Isibonelo-HTML nge incazelo itafula elula kuboniswe esihlokweni imidwebo.

Nasi ithebula ezibonisa ubukhulu imigqa ezintathu ngamakholamu ezintathu, ngohlu ithegi lokuqala TH yasetshenziselwa esikhundleni TD ithegi - unhlokweni ikholomu. Ikakhulukazi zihlukaniswa la tags ezimbili akudingeki zibhekane, kodwa kungenzeka ukusebenzisa lokuqala ukuhlukanisa phakathi irowu lokuqala itafula, futhi CSS TH, ungakwazi unamathisele isitayela sakho siqu, okuyinto liwuhlukanise kusukela kweminye TD.

Incazelo ifomu: IFOMU ithegi, INPUT

Ifomu - lena ingxenye yafuna iningi-HTML tags. Ukusebenzisa izinhlobo bangadlulisela ulwazi. Empeleni, ekhasini - lolu lwazi ukubonisa, kodwa ifomu - input.

ikhasi Isibonelo-HTML nge incazelo ifomu elula:

Ukusebenzisa izinhlobo okuningi, kodwa izici esemqoka imi kanje. Ungakwazi ucacise enkundleni yokufakwayo, udinga wona ukuklama futhi umcimbi bokudla sokuba ukuhlaziywa kokufaka komsebenzisi. Ungakwazi ucacise ensimini ezifihliwe futhi udlulise ulwazi kusuka ngemuva ikhasi. Ungakwazi ukuqoka inkinobho nokwaziswa transmission, ngokucindezela ukuthi omula inqubo ukudluliswa kwedatha.

Ukusebenzisa i-HTML

Ukuze ukwazi uxhumano ulimi - isimo esisemqoka iyiphi lunye umsebenzi emkhakheni lwezinhlelo Inthanethi, kodwa uma ufuna ukubhala uhlelo e PHP noma i-JavaScript, khona-ke yazini-HTML + CSS kudingeka kahle.

PHP ulimi sekutholakale kulesibonelo odlule. PHP ugijima on iseva, ngoba ikhasi ngale ifomu ngendiza iseva kusiphequluli kanye namasimu egcwele. Ikakhulukazi, imisebenzi TestOnBlur ezishiwo INPUT ithegi (umcimbi onblur isibambi), wamukela bonke nemingcele efomini zombhalo.

Isiphequluli siphela-JavaScript, futhi kahle wasebenza idatha ukuthumela inkinobho emuva iseva, okungukuthi, design :. chofoza = jQuery ( '# ukuba') Val ( 'Inqola'), kubalulekile ukwazi ukungacabangi nje kuphela ngalokho le jQuery, kodwa lokho #to, Val, inqola. Okuningi ngokunembile, kubalulekile ukwazi kwe-HTML tags kanye nemithetho jikelele isicelo kubo izitayela CSS.

Lokhu kwanele ukukhulisa ngokushesha ziqu of yimuphi lunye endaweni lwezinhlelo Inthanethi.