Dobrovolsky George Timofeyevich - Cosmonaut, Hero kweSoviet Union

Dobrovolsky George Timofeyevich, ogama biography kuchazwa kulesi sihloko - Cosmonaut, uColonel. Wayengumuntu induna "Soyuz-11" futhi esemkhathini esiteshini "Salyut".

umndeni

Dobrovolsky George Timofeyevich (nomkhaya wakhe babehlala e-Odessa) wazalelwa June 1, 1928 Wayengumuntu umfowabo u-Alexander. Ubaba Timofei Trofimovich, washiya umkhaya ngo-1930, wake wasebenza njengesikhulu induna counterintelligence. Umhlalaphansi isevisi ngo-1957, umama kaGeorge, Maria A., ukhulisa izingane wedwa. Ayikho imali eyanele, futhi wathatha itoho esitolo sendawo wokuhlanza. Khona-ke wahlala umdayisi wezikhali School. UMfoweth 'u-Alexander wazalwa ngo-1946 Wayesebenza njengoba umakhenikha ngoxhaxha yokudoba.

ebuntwaneni

Ebuntwaneni George Timofeevich waya umbe emiseleni ayecashe kuyo futhi kwezithandani fighters kwabonayo. Wazama bangene ezinye iqembu engabandlululi, kodwa akazange athathe, ngoba ngisesemncani. Khona-ke, kanye nabangane bakhe, ezifana intsha, banquma ukuhlela yayo. Sithole ezinye izikhali. Machines guys wangcwatshwa emhlabathini, izibhamu namabhomu esandla kwesokunxele ekhaya.

Kodwa empeleni basuke sebezitholile. Ngu Dobrovolsky ngokuzumayo atheleka ngamaphoyisa imvume yokusesha, bamfumanisa isikhali. George amasongo kasigonyela, ngagwetshwa iminyaka engu-25 ebhadla ejele. Ikakhulu ngoba ngisho ngesikhathi sokuhlushwa enganikanga umngane olulodwa. Futhi bayavuzwa, kokuba ahlelwe aphunyuke. Futhi esingaphansi kwenyanga ngemva kwalokho Odessa yakhululwa amaJalimane amasosha aseSoviet.

kumiswa

Dobrovolsky George Timofeyevich iziqu 6th grade esikoleni phakathi e-Odessa. Khona-ke, ngo-1941, kwaphinda futhi kwagqashuka impi futhi isifundo kwadingeka ukuthi kuphazamiseke okwesikhashana. Ngo-1944, uGeorge T. kuqala ngempumelelo kudlule izivivinyo for the 7 no-8 amakilasi ngahlanganyela 9th, wabe esethunyelwa e-Air Force Special School. Wathweswa iziqu ngo-1946 wangena wezempi Chuguyivske aviauchilische ngemva kweminyaka emibili. Ngemva kokuthola iziqu ngo-1950, wathola le ubungcweti fighter umshayeli besigaba sesibili.

Yaqala inkonzo e eSoviet Air Force. Dobrovolsky sihlanganise ngayo imfundo. Watadisha e-University of Marxism-Leninism. Wathweswa iziqu esikoleni esiphakeme ngo-1952 Khona Gregory T. langena-Air Force Academy (manje Bba kubo. Gagarin) semfundvo ibanga. Iphele ke, usivulela okukhethekile umyalo bese abasebenzi.

Yisosha

Kusukela ngo-1950, Dobrovolsky wakhonza Umshayeli wendiza wokuqala elula. Ngemva kweminyaka emibili, waba abaphezulu. Wayelethwa libhaliswe 965 Regiment 123 Fighter Air Defence Division. Ngo-1952 wangena 71 th Fighter Air Corps. Kusukela ngo-1955, uGeorge T. waqokwa iPhini isigaba umkhuzi ngoba ezindabeni zezombusazwe, futhi ekwindla ka ngonyaka ofanayo - nomyali. Ngo-1960 wamiswa njengephayona elivamile co-umshayeli namaphini. Isigaba nomyali. Ngemva konyaka wamiswa kwenhloko yomnyango zezombusazwe. Ngo-1962, Dobrovolskiy Georgiy Timofeevich hit uhlu izinduna best of air link.

Ezemfundo ku-astronaut

Ngo-1962, ngemva kokuphothula-Air Force Academy, Dobrovolsky kwavele ngihlolwa ngesikhathi aviagospitale Central Research. Ikhomishana ngonyaka Medical ubudala avunyelwe Zatsepin emkhathini. Ngemva konyaka lapho esesibona zezinkanyezi.

Ngo-January 1963, umfundi libhaliswe MSC kuqala. Khona-ke eminyakeni emibili yazenzela ukuqeqeshwa isikhala ekhethekile jikelele. Maphakathi noJanuwari 1965 George T. lidlule isitifiketi ngempumelelo astronaut Air Force futhi ezinsukwini eziyishumi kamuva baba usomkhathi e squad yesibili.

Kusukela Ekuqaleni autumn 1966 Dobrovolsky George Timofeyevich waqeqeshwa iqembu. Ukuqeqeshwa kwenziwa ngaphansi kohlelo flyby mkhathi "Soyuz 7K-L1" zenyanga. Kusukela 1967 kuya ku-1968. Ukulungiselela indiza emkhathini eyathatha izinhlelo ezikhethekile "Diamond". Ngo-1971 wabhalisa kohlelo "Khonzani" indiza phakathi nenyanga. George T. nokulungiselela okuthunyelwe ka induna, esikhundleni sakhe uma kunesidingo. Kulokhu, Dobrovolsky wakwazi okubili crew Cosmonaut ka "Soyuz-11". Leli qembu lalihlanganisa nalabo volkov futhi V Patsaev.

Amatilosi "Soyuz-11"

Amatilosi "Union-11" kwamiswa kancane kancane. Ekupheleni 1960 indiza emkhathini abantu ababili kuphela ngesikhathi esifanayo. Kodwa baseMelika kuqala umkhankaso ezintathu nje. ESoviet Union iye yanquma ukuba zisale ngemuva, futhi waqala eyolanda amatilosi 3 abantu. Umnyombo kuhlanganisa Leonov, V.Kubasov futhi P. Kolodin. I isipele - Dobrovolsky, umfana impisi.

Ukundiza nesibongo Dobrowolski

Dobrovolsky George Timofeyevich, enenkosikazi wamzalela amadodakazi ami amabili, owaya kokhonza lokhokho. Juni 4, 1971 emhlanganweni iKhomishani Yombuso. Amatilosi eyinhloko "Union-11 'siye sathathelwa indawo nge impinda. Isizathu - ugesi e amaphaphu V Kubasova. Wayala nezisebenzi Georgy Dobrovolsky. Juni 6, 1971 "Soyuz-11" nge osomkhathi ezintathu wethulwa ngesikhathi 7:55 am isikhathi eMoscow.

Ngakusasa, umkhumbi wawehlelwe izinhlekelele udokhe ngokuphepha nge sasemkhathini. Ngakho kuqala kwakukhona ucwaningo esiteshini bavimba emhlabeni. Dobrovolsky nezisebenzi wenziwa omningi ukuhlolwa umsebenzi amasistimu esiteshini futhi baqhuba izifundo eziningi futhi ucwaningo. Bona kwavulela amathemba kakhulu geography, i-meteorology kanye nokwakheka, kanye ocean ucwaningo izinsiza Zomhlaba nohlaza yayo.

Ukundiza yayithatha izinsuku 23. 18 ngehora. 21 imiz. futhi 43 sec. Khona-ke kwaba khona ngengozi ezingalindelekile ehlasimulisayo abulala wonke amalungu bomkhankaso. Phakathi ukubuya umkhumbi esiteshini isikhala eMhlabeni osomkhathi yokuqala yagqashuka uxhumano. Lapho "Soyuz-11" lawela kusukela izindiza kwadingeka ukuba esidunjini.

ngokushesha Odokotela kunqunywa imbangela yokufa - inhliziyo stop. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wonke ezintathu ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ukuze siqonde izizathu kamuva. Bese ngokushesha yokusiza umuntu ukuba aphefumule ithimba wazama ukubuyela osomkhathi ekuphileni. I ukuthi izinga lokushisa lomzimba kwakuyinto evamile. Kodwa inhliziyo futhi akakakujulukeli.

Okwamanje imbangela yokufa satholakala ngokusebenzisa sokuqonda "ibhokisi elimnyama." Kwatholakala ukuthi endaweni engamamitha 150 iphutha depressurization. Ingcindezi banyukubala ngokucijile, futhi kwaba cishe zero emva amasekhondi angu-40. imizuzu 43 emva depressurization yesibili zonke osomkhathi ezintathu kanyekanye wayeka inhliziyo.

Ngokusho idatha esemthethweni, imbangela - ukuvulwa kwesikhathi of valve ukupholisa. Iphutha ezitholakala mkhathi design. Izifaki baphotha kuso, ibhola valve, esikhundleni wayefisa amandla 90 kg - zonke phakathi 60 futhi 65 kg. Ngenxa yalokho, kwaba khona kabusha okukhulu ukuthi wenza ukusebenza valve. Futhi abazange singamelana nokucindezela futhi sikhuntile. Lo mkhumbi kwakheka umgodi ububanzi 20 mm. Osomkhathi lokuqala ngaquleka ngesikhathi sesibili 23 th. Futhi vele wabe esemisa izinhliziyo zabo.

Dobrovolsky George Timofeyevich. ukuphila Siqu: nomkakhe nezingane zabo

George T. wayeshade ULyudmila Timofyevna. Wasebenza njengoba uthisha. Ngezinye uGeorge Ludmila wayenamadodakazi amabili. Okokuqala, Marina, usasebenza at MSU. It - Uthisha English. indodakazi Okwesibili - Natalia.

Izihloko kanye nemiklomelo

Dobrovolsky George Timofeyevich wathola isihloko Hero kanye Cosmonaut Soviet ngo-1971, kodwa ngemva kokufa kwakhe. Yena waklonyeliswa "Gold Star" futhi "Ukuze Merit Military" futhi Order of Lenin. Phakathi nonyaka wenkonzo Georgii Timofeevich yanikwa izindondo eziyisikhombisa ngejubili. Kusukela 1972 kuze kube namuhla imincintiswano ku trampolining kudlalwa inkomishi ekhethekile Dobrovolsky. umlotha wakhe elondolozwe ku odongeni Kremlin.