Ukuhlaziywa yobuciko: "Boris Godunov" by Pushkina A. S. Umlando, nabalingiswa abasemqoka, isifinyezo

Ukwenza umqondo umkhiqizo kusiza ukuhlaziywa yayo obuphelele etemibhalo. "Boris Godunov" (Pushkin, njengoba yaziwa, ngangihlala njalo ngithanda e izindikimba zomlando) - ukudlala eliye laba isenzakalo esibalulekile hhayi kuphela e yasekhaya kodwa futhi kule drama emhlabeni. Le nhlekelele olwaba ingqopha-mlando emsebenzini imbongi, wokugubha ushintsho yayo kusukela romanticism ukuze okwangempela. Ukuze umbhali, kwaba okuhlangenwe nakho okuhle kakhulu ukusebenza impahla zomlando. Impumelelo imisebenzi ekhonjwe okwengeziwe ukusebenza zakudala kulesi siqondiso.

lokubhala imisebenzi

Kufanele kuqala ukusho amazwi ambalwa mayelana nendlela okwakufanele kwakwenzekani ngesikhathi sokudlala, futhi uyini umlando indalo "Boris Godunov." заинтересовала писателя потому, что он был очень сложной и противоречивой личностью. Biography umfowabo Tsar Fodora mina Ioannovicha nentshisekelo umbhali ngoba wayengumuntu ubuntu iyinkimbinkimbi futhi iphikisana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi nokubusa kwakhe baba enkathini ebalulekile emlandweni Russia, wokugubha ekuqaleni Isikhathi Nezinkinga.

Yingakho imbongi waphendukela iminyaka wokubusa kwakhe, esekelwe Folk yezinganekwane ngaye, kanye edumile "Umlando we State Russian" isazi-mlando esidumile N. M. Karamzina. Engxenyeni ye 1820s yesibili, umlobi waba nesithakazelo imisebenzi, uWilliam Shakespeare, futhi ngenxa yalokho banquma ukwakha yabo emikhulu nhlekelele, indaba angathathwa lakhula isizinda izenzakalo zangempela yesikhathi esidlule. Kuyinto kusuka kulokhu kufanele wacasulwa, ukhuluma ngalokho kwaba indaba kokudalwa 'Boris Godunov ". Lesi sibalo zomlando imbongi nesithakazelo eqinisweni lokuthi Boris kwaba sibalo nginenhliziyo futhi onekhono ngubani wolimi lwabo ayikwazanga ufanelekele esihlalweni sobukhosi, kodwa ngenxa ukuhlakanipha kwabo kanye ithalente kuzuza oyifunayo waboshwa zikumemezele, futhi wabusa iminyaka eyishumi nesikhombisa.

ukungena

Incazelo emfushane esigabeni imisebenzi yokuqala kufanele uqale ukuhlaziywa yayo. "Boris Godunov" (Pushkin wayenesithakazelo uShakespeare, futhi kunjalo nangabalandeli, kanye omlobi wemidlalo oyiNgisi, kwaqala nge emikhulu imidwebo yobuciko yesehlakalo lokuqala isenzo) - ukudlala ngazo, ngokombono wamanje baxgeki, umlingiswa oyinhloko kuyinto abantu abavamile Russian. Ngakho-ke, yesehlakalo okuvula ngokushesha ngaphambi umfundi panorama ebanzi endaweni ezibiyele, lapho, eqinisweni, ngemva kokufa indodana lokugcina Ivan Groznogo Fedora isinqumo isiphetho umbuso.

Abameleli beNdikimba Zemsky Sobor Wayala isixuku ukuba ucele Boris Godunov ukuthatha isihloko wasebukhosini. Kugcine isikhathi eside wala, kule divayisi icebo kuyafana mayelana ngendaba efanayo sifika kusukela "uRichard III» kaShakespeare. Nokho, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uyavuma futhi othembisa abuse ngobulungisa futhi ngokuhlakanipha. hero ilungelo sobukhosi wachaza iqiniso lokuthi udadewabo kwakunenkosikazi yesazi Tsar Fyodor wafa, wafa engenabantwana. Zona efanayo indlovukazi Irina badela amandla waya esigodlweni sezindela.

Isimo e-sezindela

onezimfanelo we indela Pimen kuyadingeka ukuze afake ukuhlaziywa kwezincwadi. "Boris Godunov" (isithombe Pushkin sika idonse Umlobi womlando Russian, okuyinto wathumba sokudlala yakhe njalo) - umsebenzi ukuthi lihlukile zemihla komlando omkhulu Ukusabalala indawo kaShakespeare nesikhathi senzo. Isimo esilandelayo isifika eminyakeni emihlanu ngemva lezi zenzakalo ezichazwe ngenhla. Imbongi ichaza zabasebenzi obunokuthula indela Pimen, osebenza ku irekhodi lakhe. Monologue lakhe - isibonelo esiphawulekayo yokukhuluma lasendulo, eligcwele kunencazelo ejulile zefilosofi. It umsindo wacabanga yini isiphetho eRussia, futhi indima yomuntu kwi umlando. Monk uthi inzalo okufanele ukwazi isiphetho ezweni lenkaba yawo. umshikashika wakhe eside futhi isimo sokuthobeka kuphambene kakhulu ukuziphatha Grigoriya Otrepeva, oye wanquma ukuthatha isihlalo sobukhosi, yaqanjwa wabulala Tsarevich Dmitriya Uglichskogo, le Ivan encane Kubi.

umlando Otrepiev

I izici zalesi umlingisi kufanele lifake ukuhlaziywa kwezobuciko. "Boris Godunov" (Pushkin njalo bakhangwa ubuntu entsha, futhi lokhu uhlamvu emelela ngokunembile lolu hlobo iqhawe) - idrama, ogxile indaba ashukumisayo, okubandakanya ezombangazwe izinkinga zefilosofi. Ngakho, uGregory babaleka sezindela futhi wazama ukweqa umngcele Lithuanian.

Nokho, lapho efika endlini yezihambi ayenakho nokuvikeleka cishe esiveza. Gregory ukukhohliswa ababebaxosha futhi wakwazi ukubaleka e Krakow. Lapha eqala ukubutha amandla semashi ku eMoscow ngesikhathi esifanayo enakekela indodakazi izimantshi wendawo Marina Mniszek.

Isithombe umlingiswa oyinhloko

Kule nhlekelele "Boris Godunov", sifinyeto okumele hlabelela esiteji main drama, unikezwa portrait ngokwengqondo inkosi. Ekuqaleni, umlobi ikubonise emkhayeni, engxoxweni indodakazi yakhe kanye. Kula mavesi, umfundi usuke ebona isimanga kababa okhathalelayo onendaba injabulo izindlalifa zabo.

Kusukela ezingxoxweni lakhe namadodana akhe kuba sobala ukuthi Boris - a Umbusi ohlakaniphile, ngubani wahlanganyela izindaba zomphakathi kanye ihlose ukufundisa efanayo esikhundleni sakhe. Nokho, kulandelwa yesehlakalo lapho ebonakala umfundi indlela ehlukile kakhulu. Inkosi isola yena ngezinsolo zokubulala Tsarevich Dmitry (leli qiniso is hhayi ukuqinisekisile ngesayense zomlando, Nokho, umlobi wasebenzisa ukuzwa abantu), futhi kunovalo lokuthi ubugebengu kuyobonakala ukudalelwa yakhe. Yena kunzima kuwe ukuba kungabikho mbusi fair futhi bahlakaniphe kangakanani, kodwa umcabango ukufa komntwana akukuniki kuye bonke abanye. Ngakho, umlobi wanikeza portrait ngokwengqondo enemininingwane yenkosi, ukuyivula ne izinhlangothi ezimbili nokubonisa sokuhlupheka kwakhe imfihlo.

izici Otrepiev

ukubaluleka Omkhulu enamathiselwe izifundo zomlando e ikhono lakhe lokusungula A. S. Pushkin. Drama "Boris Godunov" utshela indaba omunye izenzakalo ezimangalisayo kakhulu esikhathini esidlule Russia - ekuqaleni Isikhathi Nezinkinga, okuyinto sacishe saholela ukuwa ukuzimela isimo.

Umbhali unaka kakhulu umfanekiso Otrepiev, owawungumnyaka nomkhohlisi wathatha isihlalo sobukhosi. Esikhathini buka yomlobi kwaba nomuntu entsha: ephapheme, zobuqili wokuvelela kakhulu. Ngo isimo kule ndawo umngcele wabonisa ikhono lobubhalo, nokucija kanye ukuchayeka, ukukwazi ukuthola kude jaha. Umkhiqizo "Boris Godunov", izinhlamvu kwako uhlamvu oqinile futhi okungavamile edonsela abafundi lwendaba hhayi kuphela ezithakazelisayo futhi ashukumisayo, kodwa futhi izinhlamvu ebekiwe ngokucophelela ukuthi babonakala aphumile Amakhasi umsebenzi odumile Karamzin. Umkhohlisi isibe omunye izibalo ezibaluleke kakhulu ukhiye umsebenzi, nakuba lowo mdlalo futhi akazange abonise uchaza ukubhekana kwakhe ngqo inkosi.

Ukubona indela

Ngesisekelo impahla zomlando uyakhile umsebenzi wakhe Pushkin. "Boris Godunov" (Umlobi womlando Pimen ngokucabangela idrama buphendukile baba omunye abadlali esimnandi kakhulu) - ke kuyinhlekelele, elinikeza igalari eni of the 16th ngasekupheleni - ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-17. Lwendela we Isigodlo, lapho esehlale isikhathi esithile lapho Grigoriy Otrepev, okwethulwa play njengoba samuntu ukuhlakanipha, ukuthula nokuzola. Muhle umatasa ubhala umlando wezenzakalo zezikhathi esidlule, futhi kwaba amehlo akhe, umfundi ubona esidlule, njengoba naye ngokwakhe ngawabo okukhulu. Kusukela Monologue yakhe sifunda okwengeziwe ngaye ethuthumela inhlonipho umsebenzi wakhe: Pimen uyaqonda ukubaluleka ukudalwa umlando zemihla wezwe. ubuqiniso zomlando kwakwande play "Boris Godunov." Amavesi uchaza yesehlakalo e Miracle Monastery, ikakhulukazi onesizotha Njengobe sibantfu indela uphefumula ukuthula nokuzola, nokuthula uyaphikisana kwemizwelo ukubuyisa Grigoriya Otrepeva.

Abantu kule drama

Ngokusho umbono lwamanje a baxgeki, umlobi okwaqokonyiswa abantu abavamile, abakhuluphele njalo ekhona izigaba ebaluleke kakhulu umsebenzi. Ekuqaleni, lapho ukhetho yenkosi izakhamizi evamile yenhloko-dolobha babuthana Square we ezibiyele ukuze bambuze ukuthatha isihlalo sobukhosi.

Ngo isimo kule ndawo umngcele futhi ukwethula ebusweni amakilasi aphansi emphakathini: inkosikazi endlini yezihambi, amasosha ezivamile. Yilokho lihlukile zemihla zomlando play kaShakespeare "Boris Godunov." Umbhalo wokugcina futhi ikakhulukazi obucacile anencazelo: Isixuku esibalulekile, ukumenyezelwa King nomkhohlisi bahlangana bathulile. Ngale ndlela umbhali wabonisa ukuthi ngaleso sikhathi-ke uya ngqo phezulu, phakathi boyars ezathatha ohlangothini Otrepiev. Lesi simo sibizwa, eqinisweni, umvuthwandaba, nakuba lakhishwa imbongi ekugcineni.

Ngakho abantu kule nhlekelele "Boris Godunov" kuyinto protagonist. Lesi senzakalo siyakufanelekela ukuba sici kubonakala opera by odumile Russian umqambi Mussorgsky Thobekile, lapho abahlabeleli ukudlala kakhulu.

Ukugqashuka kwempi

Umdlalo "Boris Godunov", sifinyeto ofakelwe yalokhu kubukezwa, yakhiwa izigcawu eziningana, okuyinto bahlanganiswe omunye umqondo ezivamile - ngxabano womuntu namandla. Isimo esilandelayo iqala incazelo impi nomkhohlisi. Wathuthela eMoscow ethembeni ekuthatheni amandla. Nokho, enhloko-dolobha phakathi Boris efa kungazelelwe, kodwa uphatha ukubusisa kokushona kwendodana yakhe endala uTheodore ukubusa. Phakathi boyars Okwamanje wavuthwa uhlelo ukukhulisa ekuhlubukeni abantwana umbusi oshonile, futhi omunye wabo wamemezela inkosi pretender. Umdlalo iphela ekuthuleni abantu.