Soviet ukukhanya ithangi T-50

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinto onobuhle, T-50 kwadingeka amathemba enkulu. Zisuka nje, le phrojekthi uJesu wazalwa sibonga ukuphumelela ukuba ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe angaphandle kanye Soviet umthamo ezimbonini.

Inkulumo Echaza Isimo Sezwe umkhakha ngosuku olwandulela ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe

Ngo-30 yalolucwaningo ka XX leminyaka, isakhiwo ithangi elaliya asathuthuka emhlabeni. Kwakuyisikhathi legatsha empeleni esasisesisha embonini izikhundla ebusosheni, futhi isimo bedele okuningi imali ekuthuthukisweni yesikhathi eside. Angazi uhlale eceleni futhi USSR, lapho isizinda eyalandela kwezimboni amathangi ayeba wadala kusuka ekuqaleni. Phakathi neminyaka eyishumi isikhundla aholayo phakathi ekilasini ukukhanya ngathatha T-26. Kwakuyisenzo esasibonisa iyithuluzi elihle kakhulu ukusekela elihamba enkundleni yempi.

Nokho, maduzane nje, emazweni Army uye got a ezishibhile anti-tank wezikhali. Ngaphambi kwaqanjwa Soviet ebekwe ukwakha umshini ukuvikela ngokuphumelelayo ngokumelene izinhlobo ezintsha izikhali. Military waphawula ukuthi bokwenza eyinhloko ethangini alwanele amandla injini, ukuminyana ukumiswa futhi ukuhamba ongaphakeme empini.

izinyathelo ezisebenzayo ukuze udale prototypes omusha waqala, futhi ngenxa yokuthi lokho cishe yonke umyalo endala iRed Army abangu becindezela ku 30s sekwephuzile. Izishoshovu Young Wawuthatha isinyathelo lapho kukhonakala khona.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, baqala impi Soviet-Finnish, okuyinto kuye kwabonisa waphinda ukuthi zempi inhlamvu ubudala ayikwazi ukumelana iziteleka wezikhali. Elibalulekile sesimanje iphrojekthi eyalwa umklamo bureau ngaphansi kokuqondisa uSemyon Ginzburg. Ithimba lakhe kakade ibonile eside kulo mkhakha.

Umthelela amathangi angaphandle

Okokuqala, izazi sinqume ukwenza ukuguqulwa T-26. Ikakhulukazi, abaklami ushintshe prototypes ukumiswa abalingisa emva labo esetshenziswa ku amathangi Czech Skoda (imodeli LT VZ. 35). Khona-ke uhulumeni wamaSoviet kuhlelwe ukuthenga imishini, kodwa ekugcineni yasishintsha isinqumo salo.

Enye imodeli ezathonya izixazululo lobuchwepheshe ochwepheshe yasekhaya, kwaba-German PzKpfw III. Omunye ithangi enjalo ngephutha sitholwe iRed Army njengoba impi impango phakathi nomkhankaso Polish ngo-1939. Ngemva kwalokho, enye ikhophi lalimisa etholwe Wehrmacht ngaphansi kwesivumelwano kuhulumeni sokubusa kwamaNazi. Umshini libhekene maneuverability mkhulu futhi waba nokwethenjelwa eqhathaniswa amasampula Soviet. Iziphathimandla lapho sibhekene Voroshilov wathola epheshaneni ukuthi kuyasiza ukusebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe ku ekuthuthukiseni iinkambiso zemikhiqizo emitjha iRed Army.

Kwakungekhona ethangini T-50, kodwa abaningi imibono lwenteke ke ekugcineni kwaba yingxenye ebalulekile umshini omusha.

ukukhiqizwa

It kuyeza impi. Ngalesi sikhathi, imoto German uye ngokunqoba uhambo yonkana eFrance. Isinqumo sokugcina isakhiwo ukuthi uzothola ithangi ukukhanya T-50, waba ingane yokutholwa ngo-1941.

UMkhandlu Yabantu Commissars isikhipha umyalo owawuthi ukukhiqizwa imodeli esisha owawuhlelelwe ukuqala ngo-July. Nokho, kwagqashuka impi, kanye izinhlelo kwadingeka ukuba usheshe washintsha.

Leningrad inombolo ifektri 174, okuyinto kwakumelwe ekukhiqizweni imodeli omusha ngokushesha zayiswa ezingemuva. Usizi lochwepheshe kanye nobunzima enkulu yenhlangano elihlobene ne ekuqaleni umsebenzi izimo ungakulungele sezishiye iqiniso lokuthi ukukhiqizwa T-50 yaphela entwasahlobo ka-1942. Sisindvo umkhiqizo akusebenzanga.

rarity

Ngokungafani nezinye imishini owaziwa futhi asetshenziswa kabanzi kulolu chungechunge, T-50 seyenziwe inamba encane. Izazi ziyavuma emalini silinganisiwe 75 izingcezu eseqedile ehla yokwakha izimoto eziningi.

Futhi, naphezu rarity yayo, lokhu imodeli ubelokhu eqashelwa njengoba omunye ephumelela kunazo kanye zeklasi yayo ngenxa inhlanganisela nezakhi ezihlukene.

ukusetshenziswa

Ngenxa yokuthi lesi simila lokuqala ukukhiqizwa kwaba eLeningrad, ithangi Soviet T-50 yayisetshenziswa kakhulu ngaphambili enyakatho ntshonalanga. Ezinye zezinhlobo sengisilethe phezu Karelian Isthmus, lapho belwa amayunithi Finnish babe. izinkumbulo walondoloza amasosha ukuthi ithangi ukukhanya Soviet T-50 yasetshenziselwa ngesikhathi Battle of eMoscow esikhathini esinzima kakhulu empini.

Ngenxa ukudideka ekuqaleni impi futhi kuhlulekile ukudala imishini kungacacile supply chain ngomzila ethile. Ngokuvamile, isinqumo esithathwe ku ethangini ngayinye. Ezinye zazo waya abaqeqeshwayo, abanye ngokushesha baqala ukwenza amalungiselelo esikhundleni bungaveli uhlelo T-26. Ngakho ngokuvamile "okwamashumi amahlanu" kwadingeka ukuba enze ndawonye nabanye models.

Njengoba imishini ayesetshenziswa impi ngokushesha ngemva zabe sezithunyelwa zisuka izimboni, izakhi eziningi imiklamo yabo kwadingeka ukuba ilungiswe on the fly. Ngokwesibonelo, operation wokuqala ngaphansi Leningrad wabonisa ukuthi uhlelo injini isiqalo sidzinga kulungiswa.

design

Ukwakha amathangi T-50 wawenziwa ngokuvumelana isikimu classical, lapho ingxenye ngayinye ngokwehlukana wadala, futhi inhlangano ophelele owenziwa nguJesu umshini wasuka umnsalo emkhunjini. Ngaphandle, imodeli ziyafana like edumile 34 uchungechunge ngenxa engeli ezifanayo ukuthambekela sikebhe futhi turret.

Izici amathangi yayiklanyelwe amalungu amane nezisebenzi. Ezintathu kuzo abekade umbhoshongo ekhethekile. Kwaba kumlawuli, umdubuli kambayimbayi futhi Loader. Umshayeli wayeyedwa egumbini control, okuyinto kwaba kancane kude ohlangothini imbobo. I umdubuli kambayimbayi wawuseduze kwesokunxele isibhamu, ngenkathi ishaja wayehlezi ohlangothini lwesokudla. Umlawuli kwaba egumbini ezingemuva umbhoshongo.

izikhali

Tank T-50 kwaba semi-automatic rifled isibhamu hlobo. It athuthukiswe 30s futhi bamukela nezinguquko ezincane njengoba isici abamelwe umshini omusha. Ukuze isibhamu zalala izibhamu ezimbili emshinini, okungase kalula sisuswe uma kunesidingo futhi wasebenzisa ngokuhlukile umklamo ethangini. Kokudubula ububanzi projectile akwazi ukuxoxa 4 amakhilomitha. Izinqubo obangela elunywe indlebe, ilawulwa opharetha mathupha. izinhlamvu Standard lalinabashumayeli 150 imizuliswano. imishini Ukukala zazisuka 4 kuya ku-7 imizuliswano ngomzuzu, kuye ngokuthi ikhono nezisebenzi. Izibhamu bephethe 64 akwazi ukugcina, elalingaba 4 izinkulungwane cartridges.

chassis

Ngesikhathi inhliziyo ethangini amanga eziyisithupha cylinder udizili kulandzelana nekuhlunga tinsita. umthamo Its 300 amahhashi. Kuye isimo enkundleni yempi, amatilosi ayengeke angaqapheli iphendukele izindlela ezihlukahlukene zokuqala umshini. Okokuqala, ukuziqalela ukufinyela otholakele. Okwesibili, sisebenzela emoyeni amadamu nezoqala injini esebenzisa umoya onomfutho.

Okokhelekayo amathangi waba ivolumu 350 amalitha. Ngokusho izibalo, lokhu kwaba ngokwanele ukuba ahambe amakhilomitha 340 emgwaqeni ezinhle. Ingxenye amathangi etholakala kuleli gumbi engangikulo elwa, enye ingxenye - ekudluliselweni.

Sekuyisikhathi eside Ochwepheshe babephikisana ngokuthi ukwakheka kwale ngxenye umshini. Ekugcineni kwanqunywa ukusungula ukudluliswa mechanical ezimbili-bamba, ukudluliswa emine isivinini kanye oshayelayo emibili yokugcina.

Ukuze ngamunye ezinamasondo wadala ukumiswa yayo. Steel amathrekhi awabhalwanga amayunithi amancane, futhi eyembula metal kokuhlanganisayo. Bakhandwa kusekelwa ezinamasondo amathathu amancane.

izinzuzo

Naphezu ukusetshenziswa ongaphakeme, abasebenzi ababesebenza ngezindwangu ithangi, waveza izimfanelo zakhe ezinhle uma eqhathaniswa kwamanye zikagesi zasekhaya. Isibonelo, inama ukuthembeka enkulu yokudlulisela igciwane ezinganeni kanye nokumisa. Kugcine wabo bonke kwaba ezintsha Soviet umkhakha isakhiwo.

Ngaphambi kwalokho, amatilosi ngokuvamile bakhalaza Ukugcwala ngokweqile kanye nokuhlukumezeka ngaphakathi gumbi. Izinkinga Ergonomics sezixazululiwe ngemva isakhiwo izimoto German likhishiwe njengesisekelo. Kungenzeka ukunikeza iqembu ngalinye nazo zonke izimo umsebenzi ngempumelelo emkhakheni, okuyinto ngeke kahle iso isiphazamiso ngaphakathi gumbi.

amathangi Soviet Second Umhlaba ngokuvamile wahlushwa ukubuyekeza embi, okwadingeka sizitshela ukuthi amatilosi. T-50 kwaba elingenalo lokhu kusimo. Kuqhathaniswa imodeli eyandulela, "zamashumi amahlanu" kwahluka ashukumisayo ngaphezulu, nokushesha empini sibonga isisindo encishisiwe futhi ukususa isikebhe sizinze ezingadingekile. Ngenhla kwaba futhi amandla injini.

Ekuqaleni nempi obanzi kunayo German anti-tank isibhamu kwaba ubukhulu isibhamu of 37 kwangu. Zempi, okwakubekelwa ifakwe T-50, ngaphandle kwezinkinga yokumelana nalesi usongo. Izinkomba linokwethenjelwa esondela amagugu amathangi medium sibonga cementation ezengeziwe.

amaphutha

Kukholakala ukuthi kusimo eyinhloko T-50 kuyinto nezingalo zaso. Cannon osezingeni 45 mm wayengaselona ngempumelelo yokulwa izinqaba ensimini futhi imishini isitha.

Inkinga yayiwukuthi izinga amagobolondo. Nge ukukhiqizwa ilungelo kungabangela umonakalo ebalulekile, kodwa uyincithakalo onyakeni wokuqala empini kwaholela eqinisweni ukuthi isitshalo iveza abanelisi. Ngokwengxenye, lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokushoda imishini kanye izingxenye, futhi ngokwengxenye - ukusetshenziswa non-professional zabasebenzi izisebenzi, kuhlanganise nabantu abavamile nje.

Kuphela ngasekupheleni 1941, ke uye wazakhela missile entsha, ukudalwa okuyinto babesebenza Gartz Design Bureau. Ngemva kwalokhu inkinga ixazululiwe. Kodwa ngesikhathi udaba amathangi ngokwabo baye wacishe wama.

umkhakha yamaSoviet ayiphethwe ukusungula ukukhiqizwa evamile ye-T-50. A niche. yize eqolo Yavala amathangi imodeli T-34,. Kodwa 50 imodeli ezahlala reference iphuzu for abaklami uma udala i-prototype ubuchwepheshe obusha.

zezinhlobo walondoloza

Kuze kube manje ezintathu kuphela abasinda-T-50. Nokho, akekho kubo uvumelane ukusetshenziswa. Kubinka Tank Museum ine amakhophi amabili.

Omunye owasinda imoto kwaba eFinland. Ibutho kulelo zwe ashaqe ngesikhathi sempi. Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe amathangi iphasiwedi namanje ikhombisa T-50.