Slope, ukuphakama ububanzi bendawo oyimpumputhe

endaweni Blind linendima ebalulekile ekwakhiweni yiliphi ibhilidi. Lo msuka kuvimbela kokuziphatha amanzi kuze kube sesisekelweni, kwenza ingaphandle ephelele endlini, futhi njalo kudlala indima kanye eceleni komgwaqo. Tape tingentiwa ngezinto ezahlukene. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kukhona iziqondiso ezithile elawula nemingcele ezifana ububanzi endaweni izimpumputhe endlini, ukuphakama kwalo kanye engela.

Imaphi amathuluzi kungenziwa endaweni izimpumputhe

Ngokuvamile, lesi sici esibalulekile endlini wenziwe:

• aphathekako;
• kuvuleke Slabs;
• amatshe.

Ingabe endaweni izimpumputhe wabeka emhlabeni sonke isakhiwo. Ezinye abakhi bakholelwa ukuthi ukukhishwa abakhwabanisi endlini ongakwenza ngaphandle kwalo. Nokho, lo mbono akulungile neze. Ngokusho kwale mithetho, ngisho Kulokhu, endaweni izimpumputhe ubhekwa isici saziso.

Izidingo Jikelele SNIP

A izimpumputhe endaweni ububanzi kumele kube yindawo endlini, thola ngezansi. Manje ake ukubhekana nezidingo jikelele SNIP kule ingxenye ebalulekile isakhi yiliphi ibhilidi. Ngo womshini endaweni izimpumputhe kufanele siqondiswe ngokuyinhloko ngezindinganiso ezifana ukwakhiwa:

• umklamo kumelwe nakanjani kube esitshekile ohlangothini kusukela base ekhaya ngaphandle nibonakala kubantu nilungile;
• phakathi endaweni izimpumputhe futhi aboveground kusisekelo indlu ukuba ushiye igebe-20 mm;
• Okuphakelayo kuyakuba njalo ahaqe endlini.

Ukuze athobele nalezi zimfuneko kufanele kube impoqo. Kungenjalo, endaweni izimpumputhe ngeke enze amanzi alo umsebenzi isisekelo. Igebe kusala yesithwathwa ukhonkolo noma olufakwe ama-tile ithephu akucindezelwe on the base, futhi ngenxa yalokho, yini uwuchithe. Gcwalisa joint ukunwetshwa ngokuvamile isihlabathi noma sealant.

Ikhipha kunoma iyiphi indawo izimpumputhe inezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko:

• sekhaya, lapho kungenzeka esakhiwe ngesihlabathi, itshe afahlazekile noma amatshe;
• elingenamikhono isizinda, umsebenzi oyinhloko okuyinto ukuvimbela Ukungena emanzini ukuze ingxenye komhlaba isisekelo sendlu.

Ububanzi izimpumputhe endaweni ekhaya

Yiqiniso, kudingeka wenze i-tape kahle. Into yokuqala lokunquma ububanzi. Kukholakala ukuthi mkhulu ukubaluleka, ngcono.

Ngokusho Ukucaciswa, ububanzi endaweni izimpumputhe akumele ibe ngaphansi kuka-70 cm, kodwa kungcono uma lokhu ipharamitha ilingana 1 noma 1.5 m ngoba ukukhethwa inkomba ethile otmostki ububanzi kufanele siqondiswe ..:

• ubude uphahla eziphephile;
• isimo somhlabathi.

Ensimini ka inhlabathi wezwe lethu cishe zonke izindawo nakhona ezinhle umthwalo esindayo umthamo. Nokho, ngezinye izikhathi namanje kwenzeka ukuthi kule ndawo ikakhulukazi it is kakhulu ekuthonyweni ukusonteka. Ngezinye kulawo masayithi, endlini ngokuvamile ukuhlomisa endaweni izimpumputhe eziningi kakhulu (2 m). Uma inhlabathi has a omuhle umthwalo esindayo umthamo, kungenzeka ukulondoloza imali nokwakha umklamo iyincane.

Kunoma ikuphi, kukhethwa ipharamitha ezifana ububanzi bendawo oyimpumputhe, ungakhohlwa ukuthi aphume ashone ngale indiza ye ezindongeni zendlu, tape shall okungenani 20 cm ezingaphezu kuka kulo uphahla. Kungenjalo-ke ngeke seep ngaphansi egeleza amanzi kusukela ophahleni.

I engela ukuthambekela

Lapho ububanzi bendawo oyimpumputhe ekhethiwe, kungenzeka ukunquma engela ukuthambekela. Le ndlela futhi ilawulwa imithetho. Ngokwe SNP, ukuthambekela kwezinhliziyo endaweni oyimpumputhe cobblestone noma amatshe ukuba alingane 5-10% of ububanzi. Lokho, ngoba design, isibonelo, 100 cm, lesi sibalo kungaba emhlabeni 5-10 cm. Pavings lakhiwe ngokhonkolo noma asphalt engela, ngokuvumelana neziqondiso, kufanele alingane 3-5% kobubanzi inkomba. Kunoma ikuphi, ungenzi endaweni engajulile kakhulu abayizimpumputhe. Kukhula engela ukuthambekela, ngcono uzonikezwa kusukela base nesisekelo amanzi, ngakho-ke, isikhathi eside isakhiwo ngokwaso.

Ukuphakama kwendawo izimpumputhe

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ayehlala ezindlini ububanzi bendawo oyimpumputhe isakhiwo, onqenqemeni elingaphandle kobuso bomhlaba kube okungenani 5 cm. On the ingxenye cap, ngakho kungenzeka ukuthi leli nani izokwenyuka ngo ngamasentimitha ambalwa (kuncike engeli). endaweni Ngezinye izikhathi izimpumputhe ngaphezu endaweni ephakeme ukuze akukho lift. Ngakho, kungenzeka ukuba ulondoloze imali izinto. Nokho, kungcono ukwakha eduze kwendlu itheyiphu zinde. Kulokhu, it Iyokwenza amanzi ngamandla, futhi isikhathi eside.

Yini okufanele ibe ukujiya

Ngokuvumelana nezindinganiso emgodini ngaphansi endaweni izimpumputhe kufanele kube ukumba okungenani 40 cm. Kunoma ikuphi, ngokushesha inhlabathi engaphezulu enhlabathini lapho kumbiwa kokwenza kumelwe kususwe. Sand embhedeni ngaphansi tape ibekwe ngokuphelele okuqinile ubumba ungqimba noma lime.

Nge ukwakhiwa kwendawo oyimpumputhe othuthukayo ayimpoqo kukhona ukunwetshwa amalunga omzimba. Kungenjalo, ngenxa yezinguquko lokushisa itheyiphu ubhujiswe ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngokuvumelana nezindinganiso SNIP ukunwetshwa emalungeni kufanele ifakwe iphimbo hhayi ngaphansi kuka 1.7-2 m. Ezingosini kwendawo abayizimpumputhe kubo kumelwe.

yokukhiqiza ubuchwepheshe

Ngaphambi kokuba bathathe ukwakhiwa kwendawo izimpumputhe kufanele ukuqeda wonke umsebenzi, ukuqaliswa okungaholela ukulimala tape. Okungukuthi, ophahleni, uphahla futhi canopies kufanele kakade afakwe.

Empeleni yena otmostki inqubo yokukhiqiza ngokuvamile uhlanganisa izigaba eziningana:

• Indlela nezikhonkwane ogibele yangaphandle onqenqemeni tape;
• bambe umgodi yedivayisi isizinda futhi usigcine yayo phansi;
• chitha kuyi-wathola "Umkhombe" imfucumfucu (at kwesisekelo salo ungqimba kufanele kube-15 cm, onqenqemeni - 10 cm).

Esikhathini esizayo, ubuchwepheshe bokuqopha nge-yomsebenzi wethu incike onjani impahla abakhethiwe womshini endaweni abayizimpumputhe. Pit noma uthele usimende ingxube, noma ngokuhlela nokuwumisa obukhulu 3 cm, kuvuleke tile izindlu.

Ububanzi endaweni oyimpumputhe SNP kufanele ibe nkulu ngokwanele. I ukushuba we lokhu ukwakhiwa kuqhathaniswa ongaphakeme. Ngakho-ke, lapho eqinile ukudledlezela imithwalo noma ibhande ukhonkolo kalula ugoqe. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, endaweni izimpumputhe kufanele nakanjani kube nensimbi. Ukuze kuqiniswe tape ngaphambi ethela grout emgodini ukufaka net nge anezikhala of 100x100 mm. Ungasebenzisa futhi induku, ithanga nikubeke ezinhliziyweni zenu.

Ukunwetshwa emalungeni ngokuvamile enziwa kwamapulangwe ngetiyela ka 10-20 mm. Ngesikhathi esigabeni sokugcina indawo ukhonkolo izimpumputhe kufanele prozheleznit. Ngenxa yale njongo, 1-2 amahora ngemva ukuthelwa ubuso bayo kumele kube 3-7 mm bechitha usimende ungqimba.

Indlela ukuhlela amanzi

The ningi NEMPUMELELO NGAPHAKATHI amanzi kude isisekelo uzonikezwa kuphela uma ububanzi bendawo oyimpumputhe endlini okungenani 3 m. Yiqiniso, eduze suburban izakhiwo yangasese imiklamo efana asathuthuka ezingavamile kakhulu.

Ngokuvamile, abanikazi izindlu kanye Cottages omane esetshenziswa njengoba ezengeziwe Ukuvikelwa livnevki namapayipi. Ezimweni eziningi, ukususwa kwamanzi kuyinto ngokwanele okumba zibhekisela emaphethelweni elingaphandle endaweni yimpumputhe, ungakuboni inkatho ijulile kakhulu. Ukuze ugweme fraying okwengeziwe, kuyafaneleka ukuba abeke ukuncishiselwa kanye ubude ipayipi plastic.

Nemithetho ephathelene ukuphakama plinth

Ukukhetha zezimpumputhe endaweni kufanele at the stage of okuklama endlini. Iqiniso lokuthi lolu daba zazo lena isici kwesakhiwo kuncike izinkomba ezifana ukuphakama plinth senziwa. Uma uhlose ukusebenzisa impahla kanzima kule phrojekthi kumelwe inikeze ephakeme kwaleso sisekelo ukuphakama okungenani 50 cm. Ngezansi plinth ukwenza kulokhu akuyona othandeakayo ukukhiqizwa endaweni abayizimpumputhe. Ngenhla endaweni izimpumputhe kusukela eliphukile noma, isibonelo, Clays ukuphakama aboveground kwesisekelo kungaba ezincane. Kulokhu, kuzoba ngokwanele ukuba bagcwalise plinth cm 30.

Uqhekeko kule ndawo izimpumputhe

Uma ukhonkolo asakazwe itheyiphu ubuchwepheshe ziyophulwa kamuva kuso ngempela imifantu. Shiya ukukhubazeka okunjalo akukwazi endaweni abayizimpumputhe. ukuqhekeka okuncane kungaba uthele ketshezi ingxube ukhonkolo ibhalwe isilinganiso 1x1 isici. Wide bafa yonke nokujula, kuhlanzwe futhi egcwele putty wenza ibitume (70%), umlotha (10%) imikhiqizo (15%). kakhulu kakhulu ezinkulu itheyiphu ekubhujisweni siqedwa ngokuthulula mix ukhonkolo.

isiphetho

Ngakho, sifunyanwa ukuthi ububanzi kumele kube endaweni izimpumputhe ekhaya futhi lokho kufanele ibe ukuphakama emthambekeni. Kunoma ikuphi, ukuhambisana nemithetho, qiniseka snip ekwakhiweni kwendawo abayizimpumputhe. Kuyefana nasendleleni yokuthi ubuchwepheshe yokukhiqiza element isakhi isakhiwo. Kungenjalo, endaweni izimpumputhe ngeke enze umsebenzi amanzi kwesisekelo ngempumelelo. Futhi lokhu yena, ngokuqinisekile oluthinta izimpilo isevisi base isakhiwo.