Prominences - a ... protuberances eziyingozi kakhudlwana?

Lesi sihloko sichaza ukuthi ukuvelela solar kuka kungaba yingozi kubantu ihlukaniswa ngokweminyaka lokho zindlela.

ilanga

Eziphilayo eplanethini yethu sekuneminyaka angaba yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu 4 iminyaka, futhi izizathu ngenxa ngalo owasungula futhi iyaqhubeka iba, inombolo enkulu. Lo moya, igesi umkhathi, inkathi ayenawo planethi emhlabeni axis awo, amandla adonsela phansi yayo, futhi yebo, ibanga ukusuka elangeni. Izwe Itholakala okuthiwa habitable zone, okungukuthi ibanga elilungile okuvela elangeni, okuyinto igcina khona ukhululekile kwezinhlobo eziningi. Futhi kwenzekani nge amaplanethi ngoba ziseduze kakhulu inkanyezi emaphakathi kohlelo, kungenzeka ukubheka isibonelo Mercury - ubizwa ngokuphelele bashisa futhi ungelutho.

Njengoba singabona, zonke lezi zici kuyisikhalo uhlelo ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi ramified, zonke izakhi zazo kumelwe balinganisele yayo obucayi, ukuze umlando eziphilayo eplanethini yethu ukuze uqhubeke.

prominences

Kodwa-ke, kukhona izingozi eziningi esobala kufihlwe ukuthi ungaqeda uhlelo ukulinganisela okudingekayo. Futhi ilanga ngokuvamile kukhona izinqubo ukuthi kungase kubabangele ingozi kubo bonke ukuphila futhi hhayi kuphela. Ngokwesibonelo, lokho okuthiwa solar noma iziphepho magnetic. Bavame uhlushwa abantu meteosensitive futhi imishini ehlukahlukene. Phakathi iziphepho ezinjalo ukusuka elangeni prominences phuma futhi bashesha amaplanethi eliseduze. Ngenhlanhla, iningi labo alibona omkhulu ukuze kuholele edabukisayo. I prominences ziyingozi, futhi kuyini? Yilokhu sizoxoxa ngani kulesi sihloko.

definition

Prominences ngokuthi obukhulu ukufingqa ezipholile uma eqhathaniswa lonke ilanga izidakamizwa. Ngezikhathi umsebenzi, bavuswa ngaphezu kobuso inkanyezi futhi agcinwe wakhe lapho amandla kazibuthe. Uma sikubeka kalula, prominences - a imithombo giant ashisayo impahla solar, aphethwe inkanyezi Luhambo. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulu ezikhathini eqinile solar plasma ukusakaza ukhiphe kusukela photosphere elanga futhi hambisa kuzo zonke izinhlangothi, kuhlanganise ngase iplanethi yethu. Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa ubizwa ngokuthi uzibuthe noma isivunguvungu elanga.

incazelo

Omunye kukhulunywa okokuqala yesayensi prominences ephathelene ne-ukusitheka kwelanga, owenzeka ngo-1185. Kodwa ngenxa ukungapheleli insimbi kanye nokuthuthukiswa ezibuthakathaka wezifundo isayensi yokuma kwezinto ezisemkhathini ukuvelela waqala maphakathi nekhulu XIX. Ngo-1868, Per Zhansen, basebenzisa indlela entsha yokubona lesi simanga ngaphandle ukusitheka kwelanga, wafinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi ngabe zikhona esimweni gaseous.

Ngokwemvelo yabo, prominences - yinto ezingase kahle ukufunda kuphela usebenzisa ipumelelo intuthuko kwezesayensi nakwezobuchwepheshe: isikhathi kwesikhath futhi yokufakelwa Earth observation iziphuphutheki.

Zibonakala ngokucacile phakathi ukusitheka kwelanga, egcwele uhlamvu. Ukuze izenzakalo ezinjalo laligujwa esebenzisa amadivayisi ezikhethekile: Ukuvelela nangezibonakude izihlungi coronagraph, izibonakude chromospheric nezinye. Uma sicabanga projection we prominences kudiski solar, zivela, Imicu yotshani njengoba amnyama side of ukushuba obuhlukahlukene. Ngakho prominences - into ukuthi nge isibonakude ezivamile ngesikhathi ilanga lisitheka kuphela kungabonakala nasemkhakheni.

Ukuze ukuthi prominences solar ezinjalo, eqinisweni, siyaqonda manje cabanga imibono yabo.

izinhlobo

Uma sikhuluma ukubukeka, le prominences - a izakhiwo wispy efana izindikimba noma amahlule plasma tabobunjwa. Futhi, ngenxa yokuthi njalo futhi kokushintsha isimo salo. ngezigaba wabo wenziwa izici ashukumisayo noma morphological. Cabanga ngezigaba zabo ngohlobo ukubukeka, izici of ukunyakaza ndaba nesivinini:

• Calm. Bona ababaluleke uhamba kancane kakhulu. Ifomu Kushintsha kancane kakhulu. Uma sikhuluma ngesikhathi yezimpilo zabo, ke zokhahlamba kusuka amasonto ambalwa kuya ezinyangeni eziningana. Kukhona zonke zindawo heliographic. Ngokuvamile bathi kungabonakala nasemkhakheni eduze sunspots esiteji ngasekupheleni yentuthuko. Izinga lokushisa imayelana 15 000 degrees Celsius.
• Active. ukuvelela ezinjalo isithombe okuyinto kungabonwa ngezansi, ungachazwa ukuthi plasma ogeleza usuka phansi bubheke photosphere isiphethu samanzi ashisayo futhi omunye protuberance kwenye hambisa ngesivinini kakhulu. lokushisa yabo 25,000 degrees Celsius. Futhi by the way, prominences abaningi abakhuthele akhiwa endaweni ethulile, kodwa kulokhu, isikhathi khona kwazo kuvela amaminithi ambalwa izinsuku.

• Eruptive. Uma sikhuluma ukubukeka, le protuberances ezifana kakhulu zifane omkhulu umthombo ukuphakama ngaphezulu kwengxenye yesigidi amakhilomitha ngaphezu kobuso inkanyezi yethu. Velocity plasma ifinyelela amakhilomitha angamakhulu ngehora, futhi isimo sabo siyashintsha fast kakhulu. Kukhona isikhathi esifushane, saneliswe ngokuthela kwezindebe ukuphakama kancane kancane ukudamba ngokuphelele.
• Looping prominences s avele ngendlela amafu encane ngenhla chromosphere. Ngokuvamile, bagcina ihlangana zibe ifu elilodwa elikhulu, okuyinto ke likhipha bubheke chromosphere ashisayo igesi jet. Kukhona izenzakalo ezinjalo azivamile esingaphezu kwamahora ambalwa.

Ngakho manje siyazi ukuthi lo corona solar has prominences nalokho imibono yabo lapho.

Imfundiso yokuziphendukela ukubukeka

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi umsebenzi solar sifundwa isikhathi eside, umbono lwahlangana kanti futhi ephelele, owawuyochaza Iqiniso elivela kuzo prominences kanye nazo zonke ezinye izenzakalo ezihlobene, hhayi okwamanje. Ingxenye konke lokhu kuchazwe isenzo ahlangene amandla kagesi kanye uzibuthe nge amandla adonsela phansi kwelanga.

Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali udumo okuhambelana ngokucacile ungqimba kuyiphi labunjwa. Kodwa yenziwe ngohlobo chemical ngokuvamile axhunyaniswa kanye nezimo zabo ezingokomzimba khona lomkhuba. Ngokwesibonelo, uhlu ubuswa hydrogen prominences ethule agudle calcium ionized. Kulezo elihlobene ne sunspots, zimakwe kakhulu imigqa ngezinto ezihlukahlukene.

Iqiniso khona isikhathi eside kwezinye zezinhlobo kusikisela ukuthi imfuyo equkethwe yi-force kazibuthe izinkanyezi. Lokhu kucatshangwa waqinisekiswa inombolo kokuma spectroscopic.

ingozi

Njengoba siye sekuxoxiwe, ukuvelela - i-elementi asebenzayo we chromosphere ilanga ezinye izinqubo zayo ngokomzimba. Ngokuyinhloko ingozi yilezo phuma ebusweni wezimvu izinkanyezi emkhathini interstellar. Kuye amandla, bangakwazi ukukhubaza iziphuphutheki e Umhlaba orbit, futhi sibabulale ngisho nokubabulala ISS nezisebenzi. Ixubana Magnetosphere iplanethi yethu, prominences lwakha neziphepho ezinamandla kazibuthe ezithinta inhlalakahle abantu sezulu ebucayi, ukugxambukela umsakazo izinhlelo zokuxhumana futhi imishini ehlukahlukene electronic. Ngenhlanhla, prominences, ekwazi agqashule ekusebenzelaneni ebusweni kwelanga futhi lubangele nomonakalo onjalo, ezingajwayelekile kakhulu.

Kodwa uma sicabangela inketho ngeshwa kakhulu uma ukuvelela kuyodingeka usayizi yisixuku, umculo ungakhuthaza kanzima kulimaze emkhathini iplanethi yethu, noma ubhubhise konke ukuphila nhlobo.