Prince Rurik - umbusi Novgorod

igama Rurik lihlotshaniswa lasendulo isimo Russian futhi omunye izibalo edume emlandweni-Europe. Lokhu wayeyindoda nesibindi impela enolwazi oluncane kakhulu.

Prince Rurik ubhekwa cishe omunye izibalo oluyimfihlakalo kunalo lonke eRussia. Kucatshangwa wazalwa endaweni ethile 808 edolobheni Rerik, manje uqambe kabusha Rarog.

Esikhathini 800s ekuseni Danish Korol Gotfrid bawuthumba umuzi, futhi uyise Rurik sika, Prince Godolyuba, ngaphambilini hang. Unina, le ongumfelokazi Duchess Umila, kanye nezingane ezimbili waphunyuka kwelinye izwe. Ngokuvamile, isikhathi ebuntwaneni Rurik engamboziwe e izindaba. Ukukhuluma sikhathi kungatholakala kuphela "Annales Bertiniani" lapho 826, ngonyaka abazalwane (iNkosana esizayo nomfowabo uHarold) wavela yokuhlala Frankish umbusi. Korol Lyudovik le abangcwele kwaba ibhapathizwa wabo futhi kwabanika ihlala ngale Elbe.

Ngasekuqaleni kwekhulu lesi-nesishiyagalolunye abasensimini yethu, kwakungekho isimo okuqinile. Kukhona wahlala izizwe chudey, vesey, Ilmen lwamaSlav, Krivichi Vyatichi, Drevlyane, igalofu kanye nabanye. Phakathi kwabo kaningi kakhulu kubaneka inzondo izingxabano, ku skirmishes engapheli abantu abaningi bafela khona.

Ngakho-ke, ngokusho legend, ngosuku lokugcina abameleli kuzo zonke izizwe zakwa ndawonye ngokuthi "amaphoyisa uqobo" isikhulu angaphandle. Lo muntu njengoba mlando uthi kwaba Prince Rurik, futhi kwenzeka 862 umcimbi ngonyaka.

Ngaphambi izenzakalo ezichazwe 845 ngonyaka yesi amaViking waqhubeka ezikebheni zabo ngamanetha up uMfula i-Elbe futhi wabhubhisa cishe wonke umuzi phezu lomfula. Umholi wabo, Prince Rurik, okwathi ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu wayala elikhulu ngesikhathi imikhumbi 350. Futhi lokhu armada yena eyehlela England.

Ngo-862, amasosha amaViking matasa lweLake Ladoga, futhi ngonyaka 864-the Rurik enamathela ezintweni zakhe futhi Izborsk Beloozero.

Futhi lapho emazweni kuhlangene izizwe eziningi "ngokuthi" isikhulu akha isimo olulodwa, khona-ke yaba inhloko-dolobha Novgorod. Eceleni kwakhe u owagawula ngenye idolobha elincane - isiphetho lasendulo, lapho ababusi abaningi Novgorod futhi kamuva wahlala.

Engumakhelwane Polotsk Beloozero nakwamanye amadolobha Rurik isikhulu ukuba abuse abantu ababathandayo - abangane. Eminyakeni emibili nje kamuva ngemuva kokuthi uPrince Rurik ethathe ubukhosi, waqala ukuvukela, okuyinto wayengumholi Vadim Hrabry. Nokho, umbusi Novgorod ukwazi ngokuphelele futhi ebonisa ngezingcaphuno ukuthi uyakwazi ukuphatha izifundo bakhe abahlubukayo: ahlaselwe kabi ubhadane lwesifo lapho zicindezelwa kuvukela.

Ngonyaka ka-864-th ngenxa impi yakhe ezinzima nge Khazars ephethwe ukuze nginqobe Moore nokukhula, ekwandiseni ubukhulu Novgorod, esisuka kusukela eMfuleni Volkhov kuya soMfula Oka.

Phakathi nokubusa Prince Rurik ngenkuthalo eqinisa kwemingcele yayo kanye uqine umuzi omusha. inqubomgomo yayilula ngokwanele; yena waba kahle ukubaluleka emfuleni imizila yezohwebo, okuyinto babematasa imithwalo main ezivela eMpumalanga. Wakwazi ukulawula kubo, futhi ngokwenza kanjalo walenza Novgorod acebile.

Kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe siqine bayakubusa Novgorod. Ngokusho zemihla ngemihla, Rurik wabusa iminyaka eyishumi nesikhombisa. Washona ngonyaka 879th ngesikhathi kugaselwa izizwe LOP futhi Korela.

Ngemva kokufa kwakhe esihlalweni sobukhosi Novgorod wadlulela indodana yakhe Igor Nokho, ngenxa yokuthi wayengumuntu ezincane, ibhodi langempela yabusa Prince Oleg.

Rurik lwamakhosi okuyinto Obusa izwe Russian phezu iminyaka engamakhulu ayisikhombisa, kuphazamisekile kuphela ekupheleni yekhulu nesishiyagalolunye.