Pilot Gerhard Barkhorn: Biography, impumelelo kanye nomlando wokuphila

Ngesinye isikhathi empilweni zikhona zango emangalisayo kungaholela umuntu akholelwa kusengaphambili yokuqala ezizokwehlela abantu. Lezi imicabango efika engqondweni lapho ufunda biography of omunye edume kakhulu umpetha pilot isiJalimane, ogama lakhe - Gerhard Barkhorn. Zindiza ngokusebenzisa impi ku izimoto empini nokuba ngokuphindaphindiwe on the esengozini yokufa, wayengumuntu abalimalanga futhi ignominiously washona ngo sokuthula, lapho beshayela imoto yakhe.

Iqiniso Aryan Barkhorn Gerhard

Ingubani le ndoda, okwathi ngemva kwesikhathi yimpi Luftwaffe uyaziqhenya, namuhla eyaziwa hhayi kuphela e-Germany kodwa phesheya. Wazalwa Mashi 20, 1919 ku eKönigsberg - Kaliningrad samanje, futhi phakathi naleyo minyaka engu idolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke yaseMpumalanga Prussia. Wayengumuntu nesishiyagalombili lapho, liphefumulelwe izinkulumo we Fuehrer, ukuzwakala kuzo zonke zwi, wanquma azinikele isevisi Air Force - isimangalo se-amandla amakhulu ukuthi kwakufanele kube isihluthulelo ikusasa eJalimane iwina.

Eyokuqala ukulwa nakho

Ngo-1937, insizwa ethile iya Flight School, futhi ngemva kokuphothula ke ngemva kweminyaka emibili, olingana uLieutenant ngasebenza kwabosizo lokuqala isimo omunye regiments zamabutho emoyeni we Wehrmacht. Ukubhapathizwa kwakhe okwenziwa komlilo Gerhard Barkhorn wathola ngo-1940 e-Battle of Britain - omunye emoyeni izimpi lokuqala kweMpi Yezwe II.

wokuphila kwakhe, esehlanganise nesikhathi sempi, waphawula ukuthi wayengeyona lucky, ngoba, Esenze engamakhulu nokuhlasela, umshayeli wangqongqoza indiza olulodwa isitha wayesefakwa kabili waphoqeleka ukuba ashiye parachute evutha imoto. Uma lokhu kuye kwenzeka phezu kwe-English Channel, futhi uye wachitha emanzini abanda njengeqhwa abanga izinkinga zesikhathi eside, kuze yathathwa nguye up by abatakuli. Ngase ngikhululwa uyithayiphe ukulwa nakho umpetha esizayo - Gerhard Barkhorn.

Germany lembula Eastern Front

Ukuze abaqapheli ngokugcwele isipiliyoni yazuza emoyeni belwa isiNgisi, wakwazi ukufunda izincwadi ngonyaka ozayo, uma eJalimane zenzeka i okuhlaselayo ku Eastern Front. Uqedile ngo-July 1941, izingalo eziyikhulu namashumi amabili sortie wavula amagoli emoyeni wakhe ngokunqoba, engqongqoza e DB-3-Ukrainian esibhakabhakeni webhomu. Ngo-November walowo nyaka, irekhodi lakhe ithrekhi kwakuqoshwe sele atjhabalalise eziyishumi isitha izindiza. Gerhard Barkhorn kwaphawulwa umyalo. Yena waba uLieutenant futhi wathuthukisa kuposi ngokumisa umkhuzi amayunithi 4./JG52.

Le miklomelo lokuqala

Ehlobo lika-1942 umshayeli othile osemusha uye kwakheka ngempela umoya umpetha. Ngo-July, i-akhawunti yakhe kwaliwa kakade ayisithupha nane ukunqoba, kodwa ngesikhathi isimiso sortie injabulo ishintshile kuye futhi indiza wakhe wadutshulwa phansi fighter Soviet. Gerhard Barkhorn ukwazi ukusebenzisa parachute futhi ushiye imoto evutha, kodwa wayesesendaweni ngesikhathi esifanayo kabi futhi wachitha esibhedlela izinyanga eziningana.

Amanxeba isikhathi eside ukukhumbuza kuye ukuthi Julayi imini engaziwa pilot isiRashiya, cishe abuqede ukuphila kwakhe. Ngemva ocucuzayo, ukuze athole isibindi ubuqhawe of Gerhard wamnikela imiklomelo lempi - German Isiphambano Gold, futhi kamuva ingezwe ku-ke kanye Cross Knight sika. Ngalezo zinsuku, eneminyaka engamashumi amabili nantathu kuphela.

emoyeni ngokunqoba okusha kanye nemiklomelo

Ekugcineni, njengoba beye walulama futhi aqiniswe yiseluleko ngemva kokuba abalimele, wabuyela isigaba sakhe, futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, bangakunaki emoyeni yakhe ekunqobeni eqala ukukhuluphala nge rapidity okungavamile. Kakade-January 1943, amagoli esibhakabhakeni eziyikhulu nokunqoba yesihlanu, uGerhard Barkhorn ukhishwa omunye imiklomelo ebaluleke kakhulu-Third Reich - BAWELA Knight sika nge Oak Amahlamvu. Ngo ezinyangeni ezimbili ezizayo, uwisa elinye izindiza nanhlanu isitha, ngokuletha inani eliphelele ukuze ayikhulu namashumi amathathu.

Ngo-January 1944, kulandela Gerhard Barkhorn usetha irekhodi, eba lokuqala Aces isiJalimane, uzibophezele ayinkulungwane nokuhlasela, futhi ngo-March, inani emoyeni yakhe ekunqobeni anda ukuze ingamakhulu amabili namashumi amane. ukusebenza salo yesibili umshayeli Luftwaffe eyodwa kuphela - Erich Hartmann, okuyinto lamaHholo lotnom eshalofini. Ngenxa yalokho - omunye umklomelo, kulokhu BAWELA Knight sika nge Oak Amahlamvu kanye Izinkemba.

Nalapha futhi, Ukuqhatha engapheli futhi aphinde ukulimaza. Ngalesi sikhathi, ngo-May 1944, umshayeli Soviet amthume esibhedlela izinyanga ezine, aphazamisa ngakwesokunene. Emuva ngo-Okthoba, the ibutho futhi wavuselela izindiza, uGerhard Barkhorn ebhubhisa phezu Hungary, ngaphezulu isitha izimoto ukulwa nanhlanu. Isikhathi sokugcina eshisiwe wamomotheka phezu kwakhe ngo-January 1945. Kwakuwusuku lokugcina, amakhulu amathathu lamatshumi kuqala futhi ukunqoba kwakhe zasemoyeni.

iyakhumbula sobudala

Gerhard Barkhorn walondoloza amarekhodi emoyeni izimpi, lapho wayengase iqhaza. Zezinkumbulo yakhe ecacile ukuthi wayekhetha amaqhinga sokuhlaselwa ukumangala, swooping ngobuciko ku abaphikisi aphume ilanga noma ivela ezansi, umsila endizeni isitha. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, wayekade kahle inqubo empini zakudala nge ematfuba nakho konke arsenal enye yezindlela zokwenza air ukulwa.

Ekhumbula iminyaka kwempi, ubapha okusezingeni eliphezulu udumo isibindi kanye nekhono of eziningi zaseSoviet abashayeli bezindiza. Isibonelo salokhu incazelo elwa Russian umshayeli engaziwa kuye, olwadonsa cishe amane imizuzu waletha yokunqoba ngapha langapha. Gerhard ulandisa indlela enza yasemoyeni aqondisa, bezama ukuthola nomunye Ukuvutha izibhamu futhi abakwazanga ukukwenza: ezingeni ikhono kokubili uyalingana, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ephakeme ngokungajwayelekile.

Entsha jet ubuchwepheshe

Ngu ekupheleni kwempi German Air Force lawa abehlome ngezibhamu yakamuva ngesikhathi izindiza jet Me-262. Lezi imishini ayenendawo ne ibutho, elaliholwa uLieutenant General Galland. Ngokuba ukuthuthukiswa ubuchwepheshe obusha ekuchithweni kwayo kanye umshayeli upscale Barkhorn Gerhard ngesikhathi u abasisiwe.

Nokho, ukuba uqeqeshwe kahle, i-ace German kabili kuphela wathatha lifika esibhakabhakeni emshinini omusha. Phakathi yesibili yokwehluleka kwakhe injini indiza ukulwa, futhi phezulu konke, ngalesi sikhathi esibucayi, wavele zihlaselwa fighter Soviet. Hard ukusho lokho wasinda Gerhard Barkhorn ukuphila: inhlanhla khona, ukuthi akazange amshiye zonke izinsuku empini, noma amakhono eliphakeme, kodwa manje yena wasinda kanjalo ekufeni, lawela ngokuphepha indiza nge injini okuyiphutha.

Kakade emhlabathini, Ufika esingu, ziphuma endlwaneni eyakhiwe izindiza. Ngingalindele amvalele lantern, okuyinto wathola emoyeni ngesikhathi lizama ukwenza gxuma parachute, futhi Gerhard Barkhorn uthola yigalelo elinzima lelo entanyeni. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuphela kwempi wahlangana esibhedlela. Waba yini umphumela wesibindi indlela yakhe kwezempi ngempela umxhwele: e 1104 nokuhlasela, esingu nalapho ayengavunyelwe khona ukuba phansi izikhathi eziyisishiyagalolunye, futhi wabhidliza 301 isitha izindiza. Ngalesi sikhathi emlandweni we Luftwaffe amazinga aphezulu Wafinyelela umuntu oyedwa kuphela - uzakwabo Erich Hartmann.

Isevisi e-Air Force eNtshonalanga Jalimane

Ngemva kwempi, inhlanhla namanje ayikashintshi umpetha esizifanele, lokho lifakazela ngokucacile ukuthi yomlando wakhe. Gerhard Barkhorn lathunjwa Western oMfelandawonye futhi saya ngonyaka olandelayo kwaba kakade khulula. Ngo-1946, Major Gerhard Barkhorn waqhubeka nenkonzo e izingxenye indiza ka-Air Force eNtshonalanga Jalimane, futhi sixties waqala ukuhlola imifanekiso entsha izindiza.

Kuyaziwa for esenzeka kuye ngalesi sikhathi wokuphila, futhi ebonisa ukuthi khona ingqondo futhi enamancoko akuzange kuyishintshe naphakade. Omunye umshayeli onekhono wayewenza amaphutha. Yena wehlulekile ehliselwa ungene ukhonkolo evulekile indiza "Koestler" senzelwe mpo Take-off kokwehla. lwaphuka okusha ezibizayo imoto. Abasebenzi esikhumulweni sezindiza, sigijimela, ukukhathazeka kakhulu ngesimo self Barkhorn Gerhard. Umutjhwana bezwa, kokuvula abanikeze asebenza nabo, wenza wonke smile: "Lena yindawo yami yesibili amathathu namashumi."

Ukufa - okuzumayo kungazwakali

Futhi manje, emuva ekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko, kuyafaneleka ukuba achithe ambalwa amagama vicissitudes kwabantu phetho. Ngo-January 1983, ku umgwaqo ovulekile okuholela Munich, sobudala Ezigcwalisiwe nomkakhe babeyizikhonzi engozini yemoto. Owesifazane lishonele, futhi izinsuku ezimbili kamuva esibhedlela wayesefa Gerhard Barkhorn.

Wakhe wokugcina mazwi awazange impahla yokusebenza kwabezindaba, futhi owaziyo ukuthi yini wawungathi like zwi Some ukuphila kwale-63 ubudala indoda owenze ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane nokuhlasela, ngaphezu kwesikhathi esisodwa wavakashela on the esengozini yokufa, futhi ephelile yakhe yokuphila lapho beshayela imoto kwenye kakhulu ukhululekile izindlela yeYurophu . Impela uNkulunkulu usebenza ngezindlela eziyimfihlakalo.