Patricia - elite zomphakathi wamaRoma. Origins, yemfanelo patricians saseRoma ngokuzalwa futhi plebeians ukulwa

umphakathi wasendulo wamaRoma besihambisana nesiminyaminya iveza umbono oyindida abantu. Lokhu kubonakala ikakhulukazi amakilasi eziyisisekelo: i-plebeians futhi patricians. Uma kuqala kwadingeka cishe lutho, leli temu wonke amalungelo negunya.

amakilasi Social lasendulo

umphakathi wasendulo wamaRoma besihambisana nesiminyaminya yokwehlayo esiqinile. Labantu lahlukaniswa laba izakhamuzi freeborn, labo ababengenawo amalungelo abantu, nezigqila.

Umehluko omkhulu phakathi plebeians futhi patricians. Cishe wonke umlando eRoma lasendulo - kungcono uDlamini never-ophela phakathi kwalezi amakilasi amabili.

Bobani patricians? Lokhu, ngaphezu kwakho konke, lesigaba esibusayo eRoma. Kodwa ngaphandle kwalokho, leli gama inezincazelo eziningi.

patricians Roman: umsuka

translation abathandwayo kwegama elithi "patricians" - ke kusho ukuthi "ubaba", njengoba lisuselwa Latin Pater (ubaba). Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-patricians ephila ngokuvumelana nemithetho ngebulili esiqinile, lapho ifa kuphela ngokusebenzisa umugqa besilisa. ERoma lasendulo, uyise umndeni kwadingeka indlu amandla aphelele, futhi akekho wayenalo ilungelo lokwenza isinqumo sakhe. ilungu lomndeni wayengathi bajeziswe nganoma iyiphi indlela, ebugqilini noma aze abulale ezinye.

Ngokokulandisa, iRoma yayingumuzi 300 lokuzalwa patrician. Ilungu ngalinye lomkhaya kwadingeka igama lomndeni ehlukile. Okuwukuphela kwesizathu esenza amaRoma babephakathi amalungu Izicukuthwane, kwakuyilawa amagama amathathu. Esokuqala kwaba siqu, nabo eRoma, sebenzisa esincane. Okwesibili - lena nje igama abajwayelekile. Neyesithathu - umndeni okuthiwa. Ngokwesibonelo, noGayu Yuliy Tsezar. UJulius - igama ejwayelekile ye kwamaqembu patrician lasendulo.

Patricia - liphinde lokuqala kakhulu labantu eRoma. Ezikhathini zasendulo izizwe zakwa Latins, Sabines futhi Etruscans ayeyizakhamuzi zokuqala zesikhathi olusebenza kwalo muzi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi sebeyinto ekilasini nelungelo, futhi zabizwa ngokuthi patricians. Leli gama usuphenduke into efanayo "ebukhosini. Patricians babe bamazwe ngobukhulu kuleli zwe.

Imisebenzi nezibopho isigaba nelungelo

Patricia - kuba lesigaba esibusayo hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi esiphakeme izikhulu laseRoma lasendulo. Ekuqaleni, ukuphela kwezinto ababekwazi kuphela abaqokelwe iSigele futhi banezikhundla wabapristi. Yenza emikhosini engokwenkolo nemikhosi, futhi, kwaba ilungelo okukhethekile patricians. Phakathi kwabo abangu akhethwe izinduna abakwaziyo. Ngemva kwesikhathi eside, lapho inani lokuzalwa patrician kwehle kakhulu, ababusi eRoma kwakumelwe anikele ithuba iqhaza ekuphathweni umbuso nokuphila abameleli besigaba esiphansi.

ERoma lasendulo: i patricians kanye plebeians. A ngxabano osekukade

Cishe wonke umlando umbuso omkhulu - kuwukuphikisana yangaphakathi ehambisana ne-umzabalazo azifundele ezimbili eziyinhloko. I plebeians, ngubani babengabantu abavamile, siyaqhubeka sifuna ukulungisa isimo sayo. Njengoba bakha ingxenye enkulu yomsebenzi yebutho laseRoma, zinokuthile ngokungalugcini kuyena lolu daba ebukhosini. Izikhathi eziningana ayenqaba ukuhlanganyela ezimpini uma izimo zabo awamukelekile. Patricia ayikwazanga ukuyishintsha noma ngandlela-thile kuphazamise plebs, futhi baphoqeleka ukuba athambise isandla. Plebeians kancane kancane kuphumelele ilungelo ukhetha izikhulu zalo siqu, ngubani waqiniseka ukuthi amalungelo abo kungukuthi ukuthi kuphulwe umthetho phezu patricians ambalwa.

Kancane kancane, abamele imindeni sasendulo saseRoma baba ezincane. Okokuqala, inani bawela 18, ngaleso sikhathi emindenini 14. Lokhu kwaba lula ngezimpi eside waseRoma, lapho patricians bashonile kwathi ukuvinjelwa okuqinile imishado hhayi ukuzalwa - abasunguli waseRoma. Ekugcineni, eminyakeni yokuqala ezitholakala kule nkathi yethu, umndeni lasendulo patrician wanyamalala. Uma ekuqaleni ukuze ube patrician ubengase ngokuzalwa, kodwa manje isihloko wohlanga olukhulu patrician kunganikeza kumbusi.