Onogada impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu "Red eCaucasus": izithombe, nezisebenzi, imidwebo, imodeli, ubude

impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu Soviet "Red eCaucasus" yasungulwa ngaleso "Russud" e Nikolaev ezikhathini tsarist - Okthoba 19, 1913. Khona-ke wabizwa ngokuthi "u-Admiral Lazarev". Lo mkhumbi wethulwa, kodwa futhi asiphothulwanga ngenxa kokugqashuka inguquko. Mayelana umkhumbi zikhunjulwe kuphela ngo-1927. Khona-ke yena kanye uqambe impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu "Red eCaucasus".

ukwakhiwa

Ukudalwa umkhumbi ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe Yokuqala waphazanyiswa iziphathimandla Ukraine futhi isiJalimane, okwesikhashana ukulawula esungulwe phezu Nikolayev. Ngo nenkathi yamaSoviet, umkhumbi sidle igcinwe zilondolozwe ngokusemthethweni. Ngo-1926, emhlanganweni we Revolutionary Military Council, lapho isinqumo ukuze uqhube ukwakhiwa. Ngokushesha, izazi ziye zathatha iphrojekthi entsha, owawuthi kwadingeka ukuba impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu eziklanyelwe "Red eCaucasus". Imidwebo ezazithe ukuhluka lowo uvumile "Russud". Ngokwesibonelo, i-Scientific and Technical iKomiti iye yanquma ukusebenzisa njengengxenye izibhamu ukwakhiwa kwezikhali, ukuchumisa wokuqala esetshenziswa imikhumbi Baltic Fleet.

Ukuze izindlu ungakapheli isikhathi eside akekho ubukele, ngakho-ke kwadingeka ukuba zihlanzwe ngu ungqimba obukhulu ukugqwala. Ekuqaleni, umsebenzi kwenziwa kancane ngenxa wamaphepha kanye nokudidiyela yephrojekthi eminyangweni ehlukene. Ekugcineni, isakhiwo wabelwa Nikolaev ngisemsebenzini, kanye nekhiqiza izikhali ezintsha - isitshalo "kwamaBolshevik". Lo mklamo abathintekayo ithimba onjiniyela abavela ezinkampanini ezehlukene.

imodeli umkhumbi

"Red eCaucasus" waba ingxenye Umthala yokukhanya "USvetlana" uhlobo Cruisers. Kwakuwusuku izitsha umusi ophephela lokuqala lasemanzini Russian. Ezikhathini zaseSoviet, nohlobo "USvetlana" ngaphezu "Red eCaucasus", enomnikazi "Red eCrimea" futhi "Red Ukraine". Okusalungiswa imodeli phrojekthi yasungulwa ngo 1907-1913 GG. Le phrojekthi kwaba umphumela ukuqonda isipiliyoni empini Russian-Japanese. Ihamba "USvetlana" uhlobo yayakhiwa shipyards lizwe eningizimu nasenyakatho sika. "Red eCaucasus" yadalwa Odessa, ngakho emfushane yaso yasinamathela up ngokuhambisana izici ukukhiqizwa lendawo.

I impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu ukukhanya lwenzelwe kwesimo endaweni ku isigaba, ukuhlaselwa ngumbhubhisi isigaba bukhoma dreadnoughts. Ngokungafani onobuhle bronepalubnyh, "Red eCaucasus" sasiphethe incwadi ibhodi, seaworthiness ethuthukisiwe, kukhuphuke isivinini sokuhamba kuvuselelwe wezikhali ebhodini. impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu obuphelele elilingana 169 metres, ububanzi - 15 amamitha. Engine uhlelo lalinabashumayeli le boilers 13 abaphehla ugesi 4. umthamo wabo wawuyizinkulungwane ayizinkulungwane 50 amahhashi. Ngokwe okusalungiswa, namatilosi omkhumbi kwakufanele zihilela abantu 630.

iqembu

Esikhathini-yalolucwaningo 30. Wakhonza emkhunjini UNikolai Kuznetsov - hero ikusasa eSoviet Union, u-Admiral, kanye Yabantu Commissar we Navy. Izindaba mayelana ekuqaleni iqembu ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe "Red eCaucasus" wafunda ngesikhathi iphansi kwesandla sika-Alexei Matveyevich Guschina - uCaptain 2nd Rank. Washiya okuthunyelwe kwakhe ngo-November 1942, wamiswa ukuba i-Naval Abasebenzi. Ngemva Guschina waba yinduna Vasiliy Nikolaevich Eroshenko, owayala umkhumbi Suku Victory. "Tashkent" - kuya "Red eCaucasus", wahola kubabulali umholi isigaba.

Like umkhumbi ngamunye, iqembu le impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu kwaba ngesisekelo Ukwakheka itilosi yakhe. Phakathi neminyaka engu-wempi "Red eCaucasus" babe namaqhawe amaningi, ngivikele lawobaba sezenhlalo kweqiniso. A indima ebalulekile ikakhulukazi kukhala ngu amatilosi, Gunners - Gunners. Ngokwesibonelo, uPetru Pushkarev, owaba nengxenye imisebenzi eminingana e 1941-1942., Hhayi kuphela njalo emsebenzini isitha, kodwa futhi izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa ukulondolozwa ozakwabo zakhe ngesikhathi umlilo emkhunjini, okuzovela ngemva amagobolondo hit. Ngemva esinye salezi iziqephu, yena nomngane wakhe uPawulu Pilipko ngokuba nesibindi kwanikezelwa oda.

Ukuze mooring umkhumbi ngesikhathi kokwehla imisebenzi emkhunjini waphendula uCaptain 1st isikhundla V Andreev. Ama-oda Wakhe wabulawa ngokwethembeka Leo Kudish (Okokuqala uLieutenant), umlawuli Vasily Tsebrenko futhi Red Aleksandr Chava, u-Alexander Zaitsev Andrei Maksimkin. Konke lokhu amatilosi eziningi ozakwabo beniyingxenye iqembu "Red eCaucasus", akuyona umsebenzi wabo kuze Motherland e ngalesiya sikhathi esinzima ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe.

Ngaphansi ifulege Soviet

Lo mkhumbi wafakwa operation 25 Januwari, 1932. Waba ilungu Black Sea Fleet. Kwakuwusuku umkhumbi odlule, ogama lokwakha lwaqala ngo-Tsarist Russia, futhi ngagcina ngaphansi kokubusa kweSoviet. I impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu ngahileleka emikhankasweni olwandle. Ngakho, kanye "Paris isigodi" futhi "Comintern" waya Strait of Kerch, Anapa futhi Novorossiysk. Esikhathini-yalolucwaningo 30. impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu "Red eCaucasus" owawubaluleke kunayo yonke umkhumbi Black Sea Fleet.

Kolunye lohambo lwakhe phesheya ebhodini ukuwo abalobi Ilf and Petrov (abalobi "izihlalo ezingu-12"). "Red eCaucasus" kwesokunxele ethekwini Sevastopol, wafika e-Istanbul futhi waya eSea of Marmara. Ngo-October 1933, wema imigwaqo eduze emzini waseGrisi Piraeus. Lokhu kwalandelwa kokuhambela echwebeni Italian laseNaples. Khona-ke ayiswe kude nakhona, esiqhingini Capri, aphila futhi wasebenza umlobi odumile Soviet Maxim Gorky. amatilosi amaningana wavakashela umbhali ngokuvakashela. I impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu "Red eCaucasus" wabuyela Sevastopol ngobusuku Novemba 7, bangaphambi weminyaka le-October Revolution.

inkonzo eqhubekayo

Lapho -Spanish Yombango uhulumeni wamaSoviet ahlelile bonyana uzakuthumela a isigaba eBay of Biscay. Ngo Ukwakheka yayo sokuqala wayeyilungu kanye impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu "Red eCaucasus". Amatilosi wayelungiselela uhambo lwasolwandle eside, kodwa ngomzuzu wokugcina umkhankaso sahoxiswa. Ngo-1937, umkhumbi ibhajwe isiphepho oLwandle Olumnyama. I impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu alilimalanga, kodwa izitsha engumakhelwane ukudoba babengawulungele isiphepho. Ngaphandle kokuchitha umzuzu extra olulodwa, amatilosi "Red eCaucasus" wafika Bakwethu wokutakula. Abadobi kusukela kaseyili "Komsomolets" futhi "uPetru" zilondolozwe. Sami mkhumbi wacwila.

Futhi ngo-1937, impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu ukukhanya "Red eCaucasus" kwaba kulungiswe lohleliwe, eyathatha iminyaka emibili. Ngobusuku obandulela ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe, umkhumbi olusha iqhaza ezenzweni eziningana Sea Fleet futhi Odessa Military District. It uyazigcwalisa ikhava kokwehla eduze Yevpatoria.

Summer 1941

Ngo-June 1941, umkhumbi wawusengozini ibutho elilwayo-nucleus ye-Black Sea Fleet. Ngakho-ke, ngosuku lokuqala impi, amatilosi aqala ukulungisa kuveza iziteleka efunwa amaRoma German. Ngenxa yalesi okuhleliwe minefields. Enomsebenzi obalulekile waphathiswa umyalo ukuthungela. Ngo-June 23, i-impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu kwafaka 110 imiz. Zonke projectiles ngaphandle koyedwa (aphazamisa) Kwamiswa ngokuvumelana neziqondiso - ngasinye kwesikhawu samahora imizuzwana eziyisithupha. Ngokuhamba emavikini amabili alandelayo, amatilosi wachitha eziningana imisebenzi enjalo ngaphezulu.

Ngo-July Guards impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu "Red eCaucasus" njengoba iqembu lwemikhumbi ezinhlanu (kanye impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu "Red Ukraine", kanye abachithi "Bakwazi," "savvy" futhi "bayiziphukuphuku") kwesobunxele ukuze Novorossiisk. Umkhumbi wahlala khona izinyanga ezimbili. Septhemba 10 wayalelwa ukuya Odessa ukusiza front-line abavikeli komuzi. Ngokusho isinqumo abaphathi imikhumbi, umkhumbi sinqatshelwe ukungena itheku port. Onogada impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu "Red eCaucasus" obekumele ukuhlala endaweni Arcadia - Big Fountain. Wafika endaweni umkhumbi wawususukile ngaphansi fighter wokugada.

Phakathi naleso sikhathi, impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu ehlaselwa izindiza isitha. amagobolondo eziningana ixoshe kusuka ekuhlaseleni, uphonse nedlanzana amamitha ambalwa kusukela umkhumbi. "Red eCaucasus", naphezu kwezinkinga elalibhekene ithonya amabhomu kwalesi sigodi Ilinka, okuyinto beniyingxenye isitha. Ukuphendula, umkhumbi wawusengozini ngaphansi umlilo kusukela amabhethri German. Eqaphela le ngozi ukuthi isimo siyini, induna waletha umkhumbi aphume endaweni ethintekile. firefight Okufanayo liphindwe izikhathi eziningana.

Usizo Odessa

Enye 25th August Front kwaba eduze lase-Odessa. AmaJalimane waqala shelling semikhumbi futhi yokuhlala izindawo enamandla imiphumela yesikhathi eside ezayo wezikhali. 9 Septhemba Black Sea Fleet Ukuphathwa ngaphambilini ukulungiswa kokwehla eduze Odessa. Kwakuthinta bazitshela ukuthi ngesikhathi ukusebenza zigcinwe noma ubhujiswe ibhethri isitha, lisongela lo muzi. 3rd Ikakhulukazi Marine Regiment wadalwa lelisu e Sevastopol. Kodwa kokwehla ukuphila kokubili emanzini nasezweni amasosha ayo, nezinduna siswele isipiliyoni. Ngakho-ke, kwanqunywa ukuthi ukusebenza uzojoyina impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu "Red eCaucasus". Izithombe umkhumbi ekufezeni eziningi abasebenzi oluthathwa imibhalo - ukubala kuso wathembela.

umzimba olwandulelayo ezihilela impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu okwenzeka maphakathi no-September. Lokhu kokwehla kwakuhlelwe izinombolo 21. Lo mkhumbi wathatha amasosha e-Cossack Bay. Ngemva kwalokho, umkhumbi ukuze Grigorievka, lapho kwakukhona khona kokwehla. Ngasikhathi sinye naye "Red eCaucasus" futhi abachithi esevulela ngenhlamvu ebhekise kubanikazi ogwini. Ukusebenza lwalunezigigaba. Ngephutha, elinye lamasosha wanikina nge abanikeze asebenza nabo aft ngumuntu amabhomu. Kwalimala abantu abangu-16. Noma kunjalo Landing kodwa iphutha, kwaba yimpumelelo yemikhumbi Soviet.

Sevastopol wasemuva

Ngo-October 1941, kuhlengwe ibutho kusukela eCrimea, okuyinto esasikuyo manje nayo yayibiyelwe amabutho aseJalimane. Ukuze bathuthe abantu ukuba basebenzise imikhumbi, kuhlanganise impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu "Red eCaucasus". I nezisebenzi emkhunjini yacwila izibhamu anti-aircraft, izimoto, izibhamu, amabhomu kanye nokunye. D. Ezokuthutha kwenziwa ngokushesha ngenxa usongo oluhlala lukhona umsebenzi Sevastopol. Ngakho, ngokwesibonelo, ngo-October 23 emkhunjini wazibonakalisa 73rd ngokuphelele Anti-Aircraft Regiment, okuyinto vele ngosuku olulandelayo sase sifika Tuapse. Linani selilonkhe lebantfu labange angaphezu kweshumi nambili esiphuthumayo enjalo.

Lapho Novemba 2 Luftwaffe izindiza eyenziwa ngamabhomu okukhulu yokuhlala izindawo Sevastopol kanye ne-port yayo osendaweni ezibalulekile, uqwembe, wayihlaba impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu "Red eCaucasus". Uhlu nezisebenzi kufanele kufakwe kela Amaqhawe ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe. Ngisho e isimo esibucayi kakhulu, amatilosi akazange alahlekelwe inhliziyo futhi ngazama ukwenza konke ibangela umonakalo enkulu kakhulu ongayicabanga. Ngezinye ihange ethekwini, umkhumbi ube esevulela ngenhlamvu ebhekise izindiza isitha ngebhomu edolobheni. Sevastopol wakwazi ukuba ngikhuthazele avinjezelwe eminingana sibonga izinyanga ngosizo ngoxhaxha.

Ngalo lolo suku, amabhomu amabili hit emi impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu eseduze "Voroshilov", okwakubekelwa buzilimaze futhi okudinga ukulungiswa. Amatilosi "Red eCaucasus", ngokuvumelana oda ukuphathwa imikhumbi, waya wokutakula bomkhumbi abalimele comrade bakhe isevisi. Esonakele "Voroshilov" sathathwa ngo uzi lwefilakisi elingabhuliwe, owalwa endleleni izikhathi ezimbalwa. Nokho, le nhlangano baqhubeka. Cruisers ngokuvamile ahlaselwa ekuhlaseleni. "Red eCaucasus" Sasebenza kahle ndawonye anti-aircraft ngezibhamu zonke isitha. Novemba 4 "Voroshilov" ngemva umsebenzi wokulungisa ungase uphinde ukwazi ukulawula, kanye nethonya yaziphakamisa. Ngobusuku efanayo ethekwini Tuapse sahlangana impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu ukubuyela "Red eCaucasus". Model umusi ophephela umkhumbi, naphezu lokho kuthatha isikhathi eside wokusebenza kwase kuphephile futhi kungagcina usazoba esemsebenzini. Ngemva refueling, umkhumbi wabuyela Sevastopol.

Landing ukusebenza e Feodosii

Yaqala Battle yeNhlonhlo Kerch Red Army ekupheleni kukaDisemba. Ubuholi Soviet wanquma ukusiza Sevastopol phama, lawela a akuxhomekile enkulu amabutho empumalanga eCrimea. Ukusebenza ubuhanjelwe enkantolo Azov-Black Sea imikhumbi kanye Black Sea Fleet, kuhlanganise impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu "Red eCaucasus". Iphepha okulungiselelwe ekomkhulu le, kwaba sobala ukuthi ihamba isinyathelo esibumbene kuyoba yisici ebalulekile ukuphumelela noma ukwehluleka esigabeni sokuqala ukusebenza.

I impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu ayekufake ukuze ulwandle ngoDisemba 25. Yena umchithi "Nazamozhnik" kwadingeka ukuba ezingontuluntulu ukucindezela isitha labadubuli amaphuzu nebhethri, ngaleyo ndlela ukusekela amabutho. I iRed Army, esikhundleni salokho, ahamba izikebhe gunboats siwela pier eduze ezintabeni Opuk. Ngokushesha, ngokuvumelana uhlelo, indawo yokusebenza kwafika impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu "Red eCaucasus". Amatilosi, ogama lakhe kufanele afakwe ohlwini impi namaqhawe, khona komuntu ohlala eduze ayitholakali. Ngemva kwamahora ambalwa umkhumbi Kwema okuthile, elinde imiyalelo. Ekugcineni kwafika ukuze nomlilo ogwini e Opuk ezintabeni. Nakuba isimo sezulu ngalobobusuku lalingaphansi esihle lokubikezela, ukufika awavelanga (Kwatholakala ukuthi lo dokotela akakaze kwesokunxele Anapa), kanye impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu wabuya Novorossiysk.

Disemba 28 amasosha iRed Army (cishe izinkulungwane nengxenye abantu) Benziwe ebhodini, kanye nemishini, kuhlanganise izimoto. 29 "Red eCaucasus" njengengxenye iqembu imikhumbi eduze Feodosia futhi ube esevulela ngenhlamvu ebhekise elalibizwa-matasa kuwo. Ngaphansi le khava Troopers waqala ukuphumelela kwakhe ethekwini lolwandle.

kokwehla

imizamo eminingana nge crew we impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu ukuba Moor ke ezitolo kuhlulekile. Kukhona yokungabi nokuhlangenwe nakho amatilosi abasha ekufezeni imisebenzi enjalo ebusuku esindayo. Mooring nikwenzile kuphela ngosizo tugboats. Ngaphambi kwalokho, ukaputeni Goushchin kwadingeka iphendukele eziningi zijike ngokushesha. Cruiser yabhekisela isitha, ngubani wathola umkhumbi nasekwenzeni ezingontuluntulu. Igobolondo wokuqala hit kinobudku lapho umlilo uqale ngenxa upende luvutha. Fragments sigcwele ngefasitele. foremast Wahlupheka.

Omunye shell hit isakhiwo sesibili, lapho ukuqhuma kwenzeka, futhi baningi abangena khona amatilosi babhubha. Lapha nalaphaya kwakukhona ekhukhwini imililo ngenxa wiring alimele upende ukuthungela. Usongo esibi kunazo ihlaselwe umlilo emiphongolweni ayoqhubeka nezinhlamvu. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, umkhumbi ngabe imploded. Ngakho, amatilosi balwa umlilo nokuzinikezela esiphezulu, befaka ukuphila kwabo engozini. Abaningi baye bathola ukusha esibi noma bangenwa ubuthi intuthu.

Isibonelo feat lase isenzo Red Vasiliya Pokutnogo. WayeyiZwi turret umdubuli kambayimbayi futhi wathola icala yokushiswa ugqoko ikheshi. Ngenxa kuye, ngaphansi usongo kwenzakala lonke "Red eCaucasus" (impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu). Pokutny asesabi ingozi futhi odlula kuya projectile evutha. Ukudonsa likhiphe ikheshi, itilosi Nokho iyiswe emnyango umbhoshongo, wahlupheka ukusha sina, wawa ngqo ku umthwalo wakhe. KuComrades, ababe eseduze, waphawula umlilo baphuthuma bayosiza. Omunye amatilosi ngembobo ngaphansi-turret lwangena ngaphakathi umbhoshongo wavula umnyango ikhiyiwe. I projectile ephonswe olwandle. Ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-eziyisishiyagalolunye umlilo ekugcineni iqedwe.

Ngu eziyisishiyagalombili ekuseni trooper zokugcina ushiye umkhumbi. Ngemva kwamahora ambalwa impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu kwaba ngaphansi umlilo isitha, kodwa iqembu ephethwe ukuqedela umsebenzi (ukusiza iRed Army). Ukaputeni wayala njengenhlangano uchungechunge ihange otklepat ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka futhi ayonquma Moorings. Ngemva kwalokho, lo mkhumbi ngejubane baphuthuma yolwandle oluvulekile. Enemy wezikhali enhlonhlweni ilahlekelwe emehlweni "Red eCaucasus". Cruiser, ogama ubude ilingana 169 metres, bekulokhu khona isisulu esilula umlilo okuhloswe, kodwa manje uye washiya ifinyeleleke.

Wekufa

Januwari 2, 1942 umkhumbi wabuyela Novorossiysk, lapho wathatha 224-th ahlukene anti-aircraft Ibutho (abantu 1200), izibhamu, amagobolondo, izibhamu kanye nogandaganda. Ngakusasa, umkhumbi ukuze Feodosia. I impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu "Red eCaucasus" phakathi nempi kwadingeka nedlanzana imisebenzi embalwa, kodwa lokhu kwaba ekhethekile. Novorossiysk umkhumbi wasuka nge okuningi kokulimala ngesikhathi begasela kuqala Feodosia. Nje skeleton wathola izimbobo eziyisishiyagalombili. nezimagqabhagqabha-amashifu zabo, nakuba impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu usadinga ukulungisa okugcwele. Kodwa wayengalungisanga isikhathi noma imithombo. Ukusebenza Kerch-Feodosiya edingekayo iqhaza yonke imikhumbi atholakalayo, ngakho "Red eCaucasus" futhi waya olwandle, ngisho ukulimala. Ngaphezu izimbobo unenkinga engenzi ku tachometers conning umbhoshongo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umkhumbi wawusengozini ihange eyodwa kuphela, ngoba yesibili wahlala phansi ngemuva inhlolovo eziphuthumayo ku 29 Disemba.

I yindlunkulu yemikhumbi wenza amaphutha ambalwa inadmissible. Umyalo imisiwe "Red eCaucasus" e Feodosia port amahora ambalwa. Lalingalungile futhi ukuthi useyili umkhumbi isethi ivuliwe uhambo olungalawuliwe lungadala. Phakathi athula umkhumbi ethekwini uhlaselwe izibhamu anti-aircraft futhi isitha izindiza. It uyekiswe amabhomu ngu-50, enye yazo yamila at a 6 amamitha ukujula. Igagasi ekuphumeni unyakaziswa umkhumbi futhi yabangela umonakalo omkhulu. Isikhumba has izimbobo fresh eziningana, emphemeni osontekile ngocansi, ngenxa oqubuke phansi izibhamu ambalwa. Cellar, okugcinwa futhi eziningana babebatholela ivele igcwale amanzi. On the umkhumbi, kwacima izibani futhi wehlela generator ophephela, ezilimele Igumbi umsakazo emaphakathi.

Nakuba athula ingakamiswa kuphelile, futhi wahlala phezu ibhodi izinhlamvu nezibhamu ezimbili anti-aircraft, induna watimisela kuya ethekwini. Lo mkhumbi uyesaba kakhulu ukuthi impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu siphela esihlabathini. Nakuba hhayi wasebenza okuphakelayo abaphehla ugesi, eziqondisa namanje ukusebenza, futhi le Amatilosi akwazi ukuqondisa "Red eCaucasus" olwandle. Wahlala serviceable 8 boilers futhi 2 acinene umshini. Lo mkhumbi abakwazanga ukuya ngesivinini, kusukela ukushesha iqala ukuba dlidliza kakhulu. Ababhema okuphakelayo uvele ezingaphezu kuka-1 700 amathani amanzi. Phakathi impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu ukubaleka behlaselwa izindiza, kodwa ngenxa yomlilo ukuziphindiselela futhi iqhinga ukuze nemiphumela emibi lezi ukuhlaselwa zehlulekile. Ngemva indlela amahora ambalwa 'isitsha wahlangana umchithi "ikhono", waqala egameni lakhe.

Emuva Izilwandle

"Red eCaucasus" efika e Tuapse, ngemva kwalokho ochwepheshe waqala ukutadisha ukulimala umkhumbi. Uhlaziyo wabonisa ukuthi umkhumbi ungaphakathi udinge ukulungiswa ngokuphuthumayo. Ngenxa yale njongo kwanqunywa ukuba umthume Poti. On emphemeni ukulayishwa imishini ekhethekile futhi kwaba khona abangu-abangaba ngu-200 abasebenzi. Januwari 28 impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu washiya echwebeni. Wakwenza ukuze Poti zathi umkhumbi "Moscow". Sonke lesi sikhathi, kwezinye izindawo waqhubeka amanzi hhayi deflated, kugcina ithuba yingozi.

ukulungisa ngokushesha Poti waqala kuphela ekupheleni kukaMashi. Lo mbuso waqhubeka ubusa izinyanga ezine. Ngo-April 1942, le impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu wathola isimo onogada ibhodi wathatha Guards ifulege. Lo mkhosi senzeka khona gaba imikhumbi. Ngo-Agasti, umkhumbi uhambo ngomkhumbi test kuqala emva ukulungisa, okuyinto kubonise imiphumela emihle. Ngalo lelo hlobo, ngemva kabusha e Sea Fleet ongene umqondisi weqembu elisha Cruisers.

Ngalesi sikhathi amaJalimane ayeyithumbile Sevastopol, kanye Wehrmacht laqala ukuhlasela Tuapse. Kube kwaqala izinsuku enzima empini. Ezinyangeni ezalandela umkhumbi njalo ahileleke ukuthuthwa Red Army kusukela Poti e Tuapse. amayunithi abaningi bathuthela "Red eCaucasus" (impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu). Division 408, 145 ibutho Marine 10 isibhamu lamabutho kanye nezinye izingxenye babe emkhunjini.

Ukuphela yesevisi

Ukusebenza zokugcina "Red eCaucasus" ngesikhathi ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe owaqhutshelwa e-February 1943. I impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu lawela amabutho eduze South Ozereika emzaneni. Lamabutho igxilile ogwini, Yambamba a bridgehead waya emaphethelweni Novorossiysk. Ngemva kwalesi senzakalo, umkhumbi abadumile lahlala iboshiwe esikhumulweni semikhumbi futhi ukuba akwenze ekulweni.

Phakathi 1941-1943 ,. 64 Umkhankaso lwenziwe, lapho iqhaza le impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu "Red eCaucasus". isitsha Photo njalo zibalwa emaphephandabeni, futhi yilawa nezisebenzi wayazi lonke lelo zwe. Phakathi nempi, umkhumbi zithutha abantu abayizinkulungwane 25 bese igcinwa 200 izindiza. Ngo-1944, "Red eCaucasus" waya Poti, okuyinto wasala kulungiswe ekwindla, okwathi ngemva kwalokho wabuyela itjhaphuluko Sevastopol. Cruiser wenze umnikelo obalulekile kokunqotshwa abahlaseli amaNazi. amasevisi yakhe sasizazisa. On the Victory Parade ehlobo lika-1945 ifulegi "Red eCaucasus" wakhukhuleka e Red Square eduze Lenin wezindawo zezidumbu.

Ngu ekupheleni kwempi umkhumbi wawususukile kakade ephelelwe yisikhathi kakhulu. Ukuyisebenzisa ukulwa ayisekho mqondo. Ukucwaningwa ngo-1947, abaningi langakufanelekela ukulwa imikhumbi likhishwa evela oLwandle Olumnyama Fleet, kuhlanganise impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu ukukhanya "Red eCaucasus". Imodeli ilahlekelwe isimo ukulwa futhi waqala ukuqeqeshwa. In autumn 1952 kwanqunywa ukucisha umkhumbi bese liyazika ke eduze Theodosia lapho ihlolwe ezicitshwayo entsha.