Nabokov, uVladimir Vladimirovich: lokusungula kanye Biography emfushane Nabokov

Umnqopho we kulesi sihloko kuyoba emfushane Biography of Nabokov, Russian futhi umbhali waseMelika, umhlaziyi etemibhalo Isazi sezinambuzane. Esikhathini izincwadi kwekhulu lama-20, lokhu umbhali akaconsi kwasekuqaleni ngoba Nabokov wabhala ngezilimi ezimbili - Russian kanye nesiNgisi. Waba zakudala kokubili izincwadi Russian futhi American, idale imisebenzi eziningi izinhlobo ezehlukene.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umbhali Nabokov akhona kuphela Melika. ERussia yanyatheliswa ngaphambi kwelinye izwe ngaphansi mbumbulu uVladimir Sirin. Naphezu umehluko umbhali wezincwadi, umsebenzi Nabokov sika libhekene ubuqotho nobunye ngombono kwezobuciko.

ebuntwaneni

Umlando Omfushane Nabokov iqala-April 24, 1899 Petersburg. Ngalo lelo langa, umbhali esizayo wazalwa. Uyise wayengumGreki wohlanga olukhulu ngofuzo, esinye sezikhulu zezombangazwe esidumile futhi ummeli-ovulekile. Umama lalobhalako, Helena, wayevela uhlobo Igolide Rukavishnikov. Ebuntwaneni uVladimir owawuse Petersburg, umndeni kushiyelwa izindlu ehlobo lika-baht.

Ngaphambi nje kokuba ama-October Revolution Nabokov iziqu Tenishev School nge-honours, hhayi kuphela esikoleni, kodwa futhi kwezemidlalo.

ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe

Umlando Omfushane Nabokov baqhubeka ngo-1918, lapho yena nomkhaya wakhe ugijima eCrimea, bese, esikhathini esingangonyaka kamuva, kokushiya Russia phakade. Nabokovs esezinzile Berlin. Lapha uVladimir Vladimirovich waya eCambridge University futhi lathweswa iziqu ngo-1922.

Ngemva kokutadisha Nabokov kusukela ngo-1922 kuya 1937 wayehlala Berlin, bese sahamba eFrance. Nokho, esechithe iminyaka emibili futhi ngo-1940, yena nomkakhe nendodana, kamuva owaba umculi we-opera e Milan, kulo lonke elaseMelika bazinza-United States, lapho achitha khona iminyaka elandelayo engu-20. Kube wayehileleka zibhalwe futhi wafundisa izincwadi Russian kanye angaphandle eCornell University. Ngakho, yokuwela ocebile Nabokova biography.

Isifinyezo izinsuku kungenziwa kulekelelwa-1945, lapho umbhali waba isakhamuzi American. EMelika, umbhali loke nje lidume ngokuthunga njengoba isazi sezinambuzane. Isithakazelo izimvemvane lokuqoqa, Nabokov kwaba esivela ebuntwaneni.

Russia ngemisebenzi Nabokov

Umlando Omfushane Nabokov uthi ngo-1959, umlobi ibuyisela eYurophu. Lapha wahlala eSwitzerland, lapho wahlala kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe.

Nabokov ngokushesha esesikhundleni ekhethekile emibuthanweni Paris nase-Berlin ayehlakazekele etemibhalo. Lokhu kungenxa kakhulu ngenxa yokuthi Russia, uVladimir Vladimirovich kuhluke ngokuphelele lowo kuvezwa Bunin, Zaitsev. Shmelev futhi Kuprin.

ERussia, Nabokov kungekho emadolobheni liyabonakala noma amadolobhana. izinhlamvu yakhe aziyona into evamile sezincwadi isiRashiya, bona ngeke kukhonjwe noma isiphi isigaba. Okumangazayo, kodwa hhayi emisebenzini Nabokov futhi nombukiso Okthoba Revolution, lapho wagumbuqela zonke ekuphileni evamile yezikhulu Russian.

Ngo imisebenzi umbhali Russian selivela umfanekiso eyakhula elahlekile. Nabokov ulunika imsulwa futhi ezweni obunobunye. Izwe enhle injabulo sindiso. Akanalo umonakalo, ubuhlungu, akukho ukungcola. Ukuze Nabokov, izwe lonke izwe lakubo kuvela iqandiswe ubuhle bayo nobukhulu.

Isebenza ngesiRashiya

Biography emfushane Nabokova V. awunakuba khona ngaphandle kokuthethelela nokuhlola umsebenzi wakhe. Umlobi yena kubhekwa okufanela ebaluleke kakhulu imisebenzi yakhe ulimi ephelele. Lokhu kusebenza kokubili umsebenzi walo Russian angaphandle. Nokho, i-lihle nesiNgisi kudingwa umzamo omkhulu Nabokov, ngoba kuphela wabhala isikhathi eside ngolimi lwabo. Ukuba yingcweti olunye ulimi wasiza Nabokov hhayi kuphela lichaza ekwakheni imisebenzi yakhe, kodwa futhi umsebenzi wokuhumushela izincwadi classical Russian (Lermontov, Pushkin, Tiutchev).

Nokho, imisebenzi Nabokov sika ngezilimi ezahlukene zihluke kakhulu nomunye. Ngakho-ke, isiRashiya yayo amanoveli zinezikhathi izici ezilandelayo: namaqhawe Russian ukukhunjulwa njengombulali ipharadesi elahlekile; ukuphikiswa ubuntu ezimele okudala noma yimuphi umzamo ukuze asuse inkululeko yabo. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ngoba imisebenzi elandelayo: "Isipho", "Yithemba", "I Luzhin Defense".

izimiso okudala

Ngaphezu kwakho konke, uVladimir Nabokov (biography ngokufingqiwe ngenhla) akakwazanga ukubekezelela vulgarity. Lawo mazwi ngokuthi okuqukethwe kakhulu elula. Vulgarity - ukuthi nxa bephikisana nonxiwankulu abavimba ifomu kuwo futhi wayeqonda Flaubert. Okungukuthi, kuba isimo lapho nefilosofi, umlando noma zokuziphatha kuphula art. Yingakho Nabokov walahla André Malraux, Thomas Mann futhi Dostoevsky. Futhi Gogol ahlonishwe hhayi investimenti wemikhuba kwezenhlalo kanye nencazelo "ndoda omncane," futhi ulimi yakhe enhle kanye nesitayela.

Vulgarity ku Nabokov - nezidingo esikhathini yisakhamuzi izincwadi. Ngakho-ke, ngakho wazonda ukugxekwa wamavukelambuso-yeningi yeRussia. Lo mbono ngokugcwele kakhulu kubonakala enovelini "Isipho." Nabokov enikelwe isahluko esisodwa incazelo umkhiqizo yokuphila UNikolai Chernyshevsky, edumile wamavukelambuso entandweni yeningi.

Umlobi wayekholelwa ukuthi into eyinhloko art - tebuciko injabulo kunokuthanda iyiphi inzuzo engokoqobo. A ukubonakaliswa vulgarity Nabokov wacabanga futhi kwemibuso yobushiqela, ezifana uHitler uStalin. Lokhu umbhikisho kubonakala ku amanoveli "Ngaphansi Sinister", "Isimemo kuya isigwebo" ukudlala "Waltz okusungulile", "kwemihlambi omashiqela" izindaba "bead" nabanye.

I hero emhlabeni Nabokov sika - umculi, indoda ngesipho zokudala. Ngokwesibonelo, Fyodor Godunov-Cherdyntsev, Aleksandr Luzhin, Cincinnatus, nabanye. Uhlamvu anjalo ngokuvamile kubonakala esimweni lapho uphoqelekile ukuba ezibhekene nezwe lonke, sivikele ilungelo labo lenkululeko.

izincwadi American

Wahlupheka ngandise imiqondo yomsebenzi wakhe ngesiNgisi izincwadi Nabokov, uVladimir Vladimirovich. Umlando Omfushane umbhali kuhlanganisa wonke umsebenzi wakhe, ngakho asikwazi sehluleke ingasaphathwa labo imisebenzi zadalwa phesheya.

It zigcinwe kulo lonke lokusungula Nabokov umlingiswa oyinhloko webhayisikobho imisebenzi yakhe - ulimi. Stylist futhi sekulinganisa ngamazwi isenzo - yilokho ngempela uyaziqhenya Vladimir Vladimirovich.

Ukuze amanoveli eMelika Nabokov ( "ukukhanya okumhlophe", "Ukuphila Kwangempela Sebastian Knight," "Khuluma, Memory", "Okunye Shores", "Bend Sinister" nabanye.) Ingabe libhekene Ngokuphambene yobuciko empeleni njengoba kuyiqiniso futhi empeleni njengoba ingqondo esibuhlungu umbuso vulgarity.

"Lolita" (Nabokov)

Biography kanye nobuciko, kafushane ezichazwe lapha, akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kukhulunywa impikiswano futhi yatuswa Romana Nabokova - "Lolita" (1955). Lona umsebenzi kuphela umlobi, yena zihunyushelwe Russian.

Ngesisekelo esiqintini "Lolita" kwaba uthando indaba ziyinkosi omdala futhi intombazane nambili. Nokho, itulo - nje umhlobiso umfanekiso Angst ekuphileni. Okwakhe umkhiqizo liqukethe ukuxuba ngezabelo. Ngemisebenzi yangaphambilini ye Nabokov kwaba umehluko kuyabonakala phakathi vulgarity nabanekhono yangempela. Futhi "Lolita", lezi emihlabeni emibili axutshwa, bahlukana akunakwenzeka.

Umdlali oyinhloko, Lolita, ngakolunye uhlangothi, uwukubonakaliswa vulgarity. Noma kunjalo, le ntombazane efanayo ngezinye izikhathi ivele "ofuna ukuphumela obala, uthando kumsulwa."

"Lolita", naphezu ezishaqisayo yayo, ikuvumela ukuba ubone emhlabeni kweqiniso bokubeka Nabokov. Leli zwe alilona ngokuba amajaji efanayo sobuhle bayo, njengoba umlobi ngokwakhe.

Kunezinganekwane eziningi ngokuphathelene Nabokov

Kukhona nkolelo yakudala ukuthi ehluke ngokuphelele nabanye abalobi Russian Vladimir Nabokov Sohlelo Lwezifundo Vitae kuthebula kuqinisekisa kalula lokhu. Nokho, lokhu akukhona ukusho ngeqiniso. Okokuqala, kungenxa embili elingenakuphikwa nomlobi ezincwadini Russian, futhi ngokuqondile xaxa M. Yu. Lermontovu futhi A. S. Pushkinu. Okwesibili, Nabokov yena njalo ngenhlonipho enkulu futhi simhloniphe sengqondo lokusungula L. N. Tolstogo. Lapho uVladimir Vladimirovich ozongitshela ngalokhu umbhali, wenza Ukugcizelelwa yokuthi UTolstoy ngokuvamile atholakala izithombe ezijulile ongokomfanekiso.

Futhi ukwahlulela okungalungile ukuthi Nabokov kuyinto esthete abandayo abakulungele ukwamukela amorality nokuthi ukufudumala alien. Kunalokho, umbhali ngenkuthalo melanani despotism futhi ubudlova bazo zonke izinhlobo zako. Ekugcineni isikhundla Nabokov sika nonomusa.

"Isihogo"

Lena inoveli zokugcina eyabhalwa Nabokov. Lo msebenzi wehlukile zonke umbhali kuze kube manje aqine. Ngaphezu kwalokho, "Isihogo" isivele kubhekwe inoveli postmodern, njengoba umkhiqizo yakhelwe amasu eziyisisekelo lo mkhuba - intertext.

Okubalulekile Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi Nabokov elixutshwe indalo yakhe izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene kanye namasiko yesitayela. Nge umsebenzi postmodern "Isihogo" ihlanganisa nokuba egqamile futhi umdlalo waqala Parody. Hhayi ngengozi, Nabokov babesebenzisa nezitayela ezihlukahlukene ulimi, ezisukela ephezulu ilunga nesiphetho isitsotsi cishe emgwaqweni - zonke ukuze uthuthukise isenzo umfundi, ukuze agcizelele ukuthi Singularity yomsebenzi wakhe.

Kwathi ekupheleni biography of Nabokov. Kafushane mayelana Into esemqoka kushiwo ngenhla, asesengaphansi uhlala ingasaphathwa ukufa somlobi. V. Nabokov wafa Julayi 3, 1977 e-Switzerland.