Kwezikhathi Umlando Russian

Uma kubalwa izikhathi kusuke ngolimi Greek - ukulandelana kwezenzakalo ngesikhathi. isimo ngasinye has umlando walo, okungase imelelwa izinombolo kanye nezinsuku.

Kwezikhathi umlando Russian sihlehlela emuva VI-VII eminyaka, lapho lwamaSlav baqala ukuhlala loMfula Dnieper. Ngo-862 iqala wokubusa Prince Rurik, owanibizela lokubusa baseRussia lasendulo ukumisa izimpi zombango izizwe Slavic. ngonyaka 882 imakwe inyunyana Novgorod futhi Kiev principalities Kiev laqala ukuhlonishwa inhloko-dolobha yaseRussia lasendulo. Ngo 988 Prince uVladimir Red Sun kunesithembiso Ukubhapathizwa Russia. Ngemva kokufa uVladimir amadodana akhe aqala zombango, futhi 1019 sobukhosi kwesikhulu sihlehlela emuva Yaroslav Mudry. Ngokulandelayo, kwezikhathi umlando Russia kufakazela ukuthi uqala ukwakha kakhulu ababhishobhi ekhatsi Kiev, Novgorod futhi Chernigov. Ngemva kokufa Yaroslava Mudrogo e 1054 Russia waphinda phakathi kwamadodana akhe. Rus Fragmented ngaphansi njalo kuphangwa Polovtsy.

Ekhulwini XII - kuyinto ngokuwa Kievan Rus, nokubusa Vladimira Monomaha futhi Yuriya Dolgorukogo, ekuqaleni ukwakhiwa eMoscow ukuvunyelwa Novgorod Republic. Kwezikhathi umlando Russian XIII ekhulwini kuhlanganisa eziningi izenzakalo eziphawulekayo. Ngo 1223 - impi ka Kalka; 1240 - ngokuthatha amatutu Batu ekhatsi Kiev; Julayi 15, 1240 - Battle iNeva; ekuqaleni ijoka Mongol-Tatar; Apreli 5, 1242 - Battle of the Ice. XIV ekhulwini kwaphawulwa isisekelo e 1340 uSt uSergiyu ka Radonezh-zintathu Lavra St. uSergiyu, le Kulikov impi, okwenzeka ngo-1380, lapho kwakhiwa i-Kremlin itshe e Moscow, incithakalo eMoscow Tokhtamysh Khan 1382 futhi ukunqotshwa Golden zidlamlilo ngu Tamerlane.

Umlando yeRussia, ogama Ukuhlelwa kwezenzakalo kuyinto enothe, utshela okwengeziwe ngezenzakalo kwekhulu xv: ukuvinjezelwa eMoscow Yedigei e 1408, ukumenyezelwa kwezindaba Lobu-Orthodox LaseRussia, okuyinto uzibuse (autocephalous) futhi sokuhlukanisa by Kiev futhi eMoscow muzi. Kuleli khulu leminyaka ephawulwe futhi edumile "Journey Beyond amathathu iziLwandle" Afanasiya Nikitina, kanye nokwenyukela yesihlalo sobukhosi sika-Ivan III, futhi ukunamathela ubukhulu BaseMoscow Novgorod Elikhulu. XVI Century iqala impi ne-oda Livonian. Ngalesi sikhathi wajoyina Pskov, Smolensk futhi Ryazan ukuze Muscovy. Ngo-1533 yena ubusa esikhundleni sayo u-Ivan IV (Ivan Grozny). Kamuva insizwa iqala ukubusa Kazan bese Astrakhan Khanate. U-Ivan Fedorov e 1564 wanyathelisa incwadi yokuqala "Umphostoli"; Iqala oprichnina, ukubulawa kwabantu ngobuningi kanye sezenzo ezinyantisayo emazweni iminyaka 1565-1572. Uyashabalala Rurik lwamakhosi e 1598 Ngemva kwalokhu kwezikhathi umlando Russia iqala isigaba entsha "Isikhathi Nezinkinga", ngemva kwalokho Zemsky Sobor akhethiwe 1613 inkosi entsha - Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov.

Ekhulwini XVII kukhona Uqhekeko, kokuhlubuka kwase-internet Ivana Bolotnikova, izibhelu neziyaluyalu civil, ukugqilazwa sokugcina we abalimi, ekuqaleni wokubusa uPetru mina edumile Streletsky ukuvukela 1698. Ngo 1700 Russia singena enkathini entsha. Umlando zaseRussia bayaqhubeka izinkulumo mayelana ayikho imicimbi ezingabalulekile kangako. Ngo-1703 yena wasungula Petersburg, ngo 1709 kwakukhona impi Poltava e 1721 - kwaba umbuso Russian. 1725 kwaphawula ukufa kaPetru mina, 1755 - ngesisekelo eMoscow University. 1762-1796 - zeminyaka wokubusa uCatherine II sika, ukuvukelwa Emelyana Pugacheva - iminyaka 1773-1775. ECrimea lebhalwe uMbuso Russian e 1783, futhi impi Russian-Turkish kwenzekani e 1787-1791. Lezi Izinsuku umlando Russia - ebaluleke kakhulu, badinga ukwazi abaphila manje.

Ekhulwini XIX, imicimbi elandelayo zenzeka: 1812 - War nge kukaNapoleon Battle of Borodino; 1825 - ukuvukela kwezinceku Decembrists; 1861 - ukuqedwa serfdom; 1862 - unyaka ekuqaleni izinguquko ezinkulu zika-Alexander II, iminyaka 1865-1873 - Khiva, Kokand futhi eBukhara Khanate weza engaphansi kwe-Russia nase-Alaska yaqashiswa e 1867. Ngo-1894 - ekuqaleni wokubusa uNicholas II. Lezi izinsuku komlando Russian ungakwazi ukulandelela izinto ezenzeka ngaphambi kwekhulu XX, umlando iphuzu esizoxoxa ngalo esihlokweni esilandelayo.