Impi yase-Kulikovo

Kulikov impi - lokhu mazwi cishe zonke izakhamuzi zezwe lethu eyaziwa phezu iminyaka eyisikhombisa. Mabangakhuphuki bonke of them are uyakubona ukubaluleka sale mpi kweqiniso, kodwa iqiniso lokuthi siyazi ukuthi okuningi kwalokho okwenzeka eminyakeni eyikhulu kamuva futhi kwaphawula ukuphela ijoka Mongol-Tatar, iyinkomba enkulu kakhulu.

Izimbangela Battle of Kulikov elula nesingakhangi. Eminyakeni ethile ngaphambili, amasosha Russian yahlulwa belwa zidlamlilo. Futhi omunye myriarchs izindimbane, okungukuthi Khan Mamai wanquma ukubulala izinyoni eziningana nge fike bhaklu: ukuthuthukisa ithonya zidlamlilo ku principalities isiRashiya, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ukwethenjelwa kwalo phakathi esizwe. Njengoba sisekelwa Lithuanian Grand Duke Jagiello, Khan yayiswa umkhankaso kwamazwe Russian. Nge amabutho Lithuanian ayenakho ukuxhuma eduze Voronezh. Enye sizana Mamaia kwakufanele abe Oleg I., iSikhulu Ryazan. Kodwa ngokusho version, yena angavalelwa yena izithembiso, ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ulwazi waxwayisa Rusich ukuthi Khan Mamai zilindele azowalekelela kusukela Jagiello.

Ngemva kokuthola lezi zindaba, YaseMoscow Prince uDmitry Ivanovich banquma ukungayisebenzisi nhlobo i ukujoyina umbimbi futhi wonke umuntu ephoqeleka Khan ukuba zihlanganyele empini, hhayi elinde amasosha Lithuanian. It unikeza izikhulu Russian ukujoyina amabutho ngokumelene isitha esifanayo. Uphendule Yiqiniso, akubona bonke, kodwa Duke wakwazi ukuqoqa ngaphansi banner yayo amasosha angaphezu kuka-100 eziyinkulungwane. Okwakukhona kuphela kancane esingaphansi zidlamlilo ibutho. Kulokhu, sibonga kabusha lempi eyenziwa Dimitri, ibutho Russian kaningi ahlelekile, okwakunginika inzuzo enkulu empini.

Saqoqa ibutho lempi, uDmitry Ivanovich iyiswe River ob. Ingungu yensimbi ekhaliswayo ngokushaywa izinsuku 11, ezingaphezu kuka-200 km, ijubane ngoba ngaleso sikhathi nje kunanini ngaphambili, amabutho Russian zaphoqa Mamaia kuzenze emhlanganweni, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuba Jagiello.

Esondela Don, ibutho Russian isikhashana ayikwazanga unquma isikebhe, ngoba umfula uqala endaweni ka-Golden zidlamlilo. Nokho, ekwamukeleni umlayezo ovela Sergei Radonezhsky isifiso sokuba kube nzima futhi wesilisa ngaphezulu, Dmitry I. ixazululwe at ukuwela. Russian ewela i-Don ngobusuku Septhemba 8, 1380 I isikebhe kwaba ebhulohweni elintantayo sokhuni isikhulu ngaphambilini ukubhubhisa.

Ngakho, kuba, ngakolunye uhlangothi, nginqume nebutho lakhe ukubaleka, ngakolunye - ukunikeza ukuphepha yokukhulisa layo, kokuba ibekwe kubantu bakubo ngakho olwaludiliziwe emuva zabo ogwini Nepryadva ephahlwe uDon aphakeme ezijulile. Ngakho, uDmitry Ivanovich izindlela sebehlushwa ezinhlangothini wesitha. Okungukuthi, kwaba indlela oluthandayo Mamaia wayevame possessed izinqola zakhe phezu ezinhlangothini, bawuthumba amabutho esitha in a ukunyakaza pincer. Kwakuyisikhathi igama elisha amacebo empi.

amabutho Russian atholiwe kanje: elalilikhulu kunawo abangu bagxila kule sikhungo, okubizwa ngokuthi ibutho elikhulu. Amabili regiments ezincane isebangeni kwesokunxele bese kwesokudla ezinhlangothini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kube nephutha kusengaphambili amancane abaqamekeli ibutho ibutho, elise empumalanga, ngoba epaki elincane wesihlahla. Mamay Maphakathi kuyinto elihamba esindayo, mabutho phezu ezinhlangothini wema, okuyinto Mamai njengokusoka uma ithuba lokwamukela isitha, kodwa sibonga ngekhono sezwe, Russian awuzange ungivumele ukuba wenze lokhu.

Kulikov mpi yaqala entathakusa nge umdlalo yendabuko. Ukusuka kwesobunxele kuya ukulwa Russian Monk Peresvet, yesikhulu wangaphambili kanye neqhawe esingumakad 'ebona iqhawe zidlamlilo ukubeka Chelubey. Waphetha ukulwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ukunqotshwa nemikhonto ukuthi, ngokwendlela izimpawu, ukukhuluma mayelana impi isikhathi eside futhi igazi. Eyokuqala wawa Chelubey. Kuleli qophelo izindimbane abakhwele amahhashi bagijimela impi, wanyathelwa Peresvet.

Isinyathelo sokuqala kwaba ibutho abakhwele amahhashi ishanelwe eziphambili ke zidlamlilo bagxila amabutho azo abahlala engxenyeni ephakathi kwezinhloko zamaviyo Russian. Nokho, ukuze akuqede ngokushesha njengoba nje kuhlulekile, futhi amasosha Mamaia ushintshele ibutho esandleni sobunxele. Akwazi cindezela bese amandla baleka Nepryadva, kodwa okwamanje langemuva ala mabutho anamakhanda hit ibutho abaqamekeli, ibutho ezindaweni zidlamlilo wakuzuma futhi kwabangela izinxushunxushu. Lesi simo akazange behluleka ukusizakala a ibutho elikhulu. Rusichi waqhubeka kuhlasela, ukudweba abakhwele amahhashi zidlamlilo ukuba indiza. Futhi labo, yena, amahhashi izinselo wanyathelwa elihamba siqu. ibutho Russian waxosha isitha km ezingaphezu kuka-50 kuze kufike emfuleni Beautiful Sword. Iningi zidlamlilo ubulawe ngesikhathi ukubaleka. Nokho, ibhidi Khan sathathwa, wakwazi ukuphunyuka Mamay. Wabulawa kamuva, zidlamlilo, futhi wakwenza Tohtomysh Khan.

Ngokusho zemihla ngemihla, yena Kulikov impi eyathatha 4 amahora, futhi ngehora lesibili kwase. Ukulahlekelwa ku zombili zazisemhlabeni omkhulu. Russian walahlekelwa 483 Izikhulu boyar futhi 12, kwaba engaphezu kwengu-60% amaphesenti isakhiwo umyalo. phakathi abavamile amasosha ukulahleka kwezinto ezingenawo nekuhlanganisa tiphakamiso tabo. Kodwana ibutho Mamai babulawa cishe ngokuphelele.

Manje futhi Battle of Kulikov, nalokho okukushoyo zomlando kuphela baba ingxenye yezifundo zezikole. Futhi ngalezo zinsuku, yena waba uphawu lokuhlala ubunye abantu isiRashiya, ngoba lapho principalities eziningi Russian babenzelwa okokuqala emkhankasweni ngokuhlanganyela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyinto le mpi kwenza abantu Russian kulo ngenkolelo yokuthi lelo ungakwazi ukunqoba Golden zidlamlilo, futhi ake itjhaphuluko ephelele kwakusenabakhulekeli iminyaka eyikhulu ubudala, yena bekumele uqale phezu Kulikovo ensimini.

Kulikov impi kuyakhulunywa inombolo enkulu imisebenzi ebhaliwe, efana owayephila wakhe, futhi kamuva. Mayelana naye into yokubhalela, wabhala izimbongi futhi abalobi, njengoba iwuphawu ubunye Russia nase yayo amandla.