Wabahloli Mikhulu abakutholile

Abavakashi kakhulu. okutholakele womhlaba ... ubani ukufunda mayelana imihambima enesibindi Ephakathi, owazama ukuvula imizila yezohwebo imali eningi noma ukuvuselela igama lakhe, kuyajabulisa, njengoba kwakunjalo. Imilutha Yezithombe abathandi ulwandle ukuhogela asolwandle ubone phambi kwabo kudalulwe oseyili frigate. okurarako yindlela abahambi omkhulu ukhulule uhambo lwakho empeleni, okubonisa ukuphikelela kangaka nokucabanga okuhluzekile. Siyabonga kubo emhlabeni bafunde ngokulawulwa amazwe amasha izilwandle.

Reality travel enobungozi

Kuyishwa ukuthi empeleni lezi zihambi omkhulu akakwazanga njalo bazizwa ukunambitheka romance: emikhunjini yabo yaphihlizeka, futhi lonke iqembu ayengakwenza iyagula engakaze ibonwe ngesikhathi lesi sifo. Ngu amatilosi, bafika izinto ezintsha, kwadingeka ukuba ziyantula, avame baficwe ukufa. Akumangalisi ukuthi namuhla abaningi kangaka zibabaza isibindi lwabo nokuzimisela! Noma kunjalo, ngiyabonga amanye abahambi amazwekazi amasha Kwatholakala, futhi abanye babo banikela ngendlela ebalulekile kwendawo emhlabeni. Ngosizo izincwadi zomlando, aqukethe amarekhodi lofakazi noma amanothi kusuka logbooks, singaba ulwazi obuphathekayo mayelana ababekade bevakashile. Nokho, Kuyishwa ukuthi lezi zihambi omkhulu womhlaba akuvamile izuzwe ukuze balwele ukuzifinyelela.

Hristofor Kolumb ekuphishekeleni izinongo kanye igolide

Kumayelana indoda eyachitha konke ukuphila kwayo ngiphuphe kwenzekani ngomkhumbi eside. Njenganoma iyiphi enye, kube esikhundleni sakhe, wayazi ukuthi ngaphandle lwezimali kanti akakwazi ukwenza, futhi ukuze uyithole abacebile futhi engafuni ukwabelana izimali zabo mithi kwakungelula. Lapho wayefuna ukuya isihambi yenza ngokuphelelwa yithemba? Wafisa ngenhliziyo yakhe yonke ukuthola indlela emfushane eya lwaseNdiya, ngaleso sikhathi wayedume izinongo yayo, tsenivshimisya isisindo salo ngegolide.

Ngizama ukubakhumbuza ukuthi akanacala, Columbus aqhubeka ngokuphindaphindiwe lize enkosini Spanish nendlovukazi iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili ubude. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kulolu hlelo lwakhe lokuvimbela benamaphutha eziningi. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ososayensi wazibona ukuma eyindilinga Zomhlaba, umbuzo kwaba ukuthi hlobo luni ocean band izwe ehlukanisa iYurophu ne-Asia. Kwabe sekuvela ukuthi kamuva uChristopher wenza amaphutha ezimbili. Okokuqala, ecabanga ukuthi endaweni Asia ihlanganisa indawo enkulu kakhulu kunalokho elaliyikho, futhi ngempela. Okwesibili, e-okuyingxenye eyodwa kwezine yenani Columbus ngendawo iplanethi yethu.

Lolu hambo lokuqala Columbus

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi laliyini, "knock kanti uyovulelwa kuwe": bomkhankaso sivunyiwe ukubhukuda ayenendawo imikhumbi emithathu. Amakhosi engumthengisi Spanish ayesifuna ngabomvu hhayi kuphela imizila yezohwebo inzuzo - uyabukeka umqondo wokuthi amazwe empumalanga akhokhe yamaKatolika. Futhi Agasti 3, 1492, abantu abangaba ngu-90 Waqhubeka nohambo lwasolwandle eside. Balibangisa amakhilomitha amaningi sogu lolwandle, kodwa ocebile ezweni futhi akazange avele emkhathizwe. Columbus njalo kwadingeka ukunqanda nethimba lakhe, ngezinye izikhathi underestimating langempela amabanga esibethelwe uhambo okwathatha isikhathi eside kangako. Futhi ekugcineni, njengoba kungase kubonakale, abaye bafinyelela ngayo umgomo wabo! Lapho sengisilethe wabahloli zethu ngokungakhathali?

Umhlaba, okuyinto kwafinyelela wakhona, kwaba eBahamas. Kukhona futhi wabe esehlangana abomdabu nqunu, kushisa bhé esanele sokuphumula. Kodwa noma kunjalo kwakungeyona into waya emkhondweni wabahloli omkhulu, kusale nemizi yabo nemikhaya yabo. Ngemva kwamasonto amabili ezinqala ukuphumula waqhubeka wafinyelela Cuba. Columbus ayikwazanga ukuzola ngoba mina asitholanga izinongo noma igolide.

Okulandelayo Odyssey baqhubeka empumalanga, lapho igolide athandwayo kwatholakala. Kwathi esiqhingini, okuyinto Columbus awunika igama La Isla Española (saseHispaniola namuhla). Hristofor Kolumb ukuphupha kakade mayelana nendlela ezweni kuyoba kuncike umqhele Spanish. ukubuya kwakhe elindelwe ekhaya futhi kuyilungelo elikhulu, futhi olunye uhambo.

mikhankaso ezalandela Columbus

Ngonyaka olandelayo, kanye Columbus waya i armada yonke imikhumbi 17 nabantu abangaphezu kuka-1,200. Among the ntu nanso empi amaningi futhi abapristi. AbaseSpain ayefuna ukuphenduka ezweni abasha endaweni abahlala kuyo, futhi izakhamuzi ukwenza amaKatolika. Columbus namanje uzimisele ukwelula ogwini India.

Amabili yalolu hambo kamuva.-East Indies kuphela kancane ukwandisa injabulo itilosi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi laliyini, yezindlela zasolwandle eziye esiqokiwe kubo, ukusiza kwenqubo yokwakhiwa kwamakoloni lonke izwekazi lase - i-Nyakatfo Melika. Ngenxa impumelelo yakhe izwe liye ibheke phansi.

UVasco da Gama - isihloli enkulu

UVasco da Gama wahlala kancane ngaphambi Columbus, futhi usivulele indlela eya kwelaseNdiya, ngokudlula Afrika. Amalungiselelo nohambo lwakhe olude wayeseke waphila iminyaka eminingi ngaphambi kokuba azalwe - indlela Kulokhu kwahluka khona kulokho okwenzeka Columbus! Amakhosi-Portuguese wayekuqonda ukubaluleka kwe-trade spice. UManuel I - King of Portugal - ngikholelwa ukuba ngihole umuntu kuphela ongakulalela eviyweni, ngokubona Esinye isazi-mlando, "ngabe hlanganisa isibindi kwesesosha nge ngobuqili yomthengisi, ohlakaniphile nesu." Ngokusho King, kuba UVasco da Gama ukuhanjwa lo msebenzi.

On amakhono yemvelo futhi ibhizinisi le ndoda ihluke kakhulu kwethi Columbus - wayazi kahle izinto zakhe, wayazi kuphi nokuthi yini sintanta. Lolu hambo lokuqala, nakuba kuye kwahlotshaniswa nobunzima obuthile, iphelile ngempumelelo - UVasco da Gama wenza ubuhlobo obunokuthula futhi inkontileka nombusi Indian kokudayiswa izinongo. Sichichime injabulo, inkosi yakwa-Portugal ngokushesha ngaphambilini inhlangano mikhankaso okwalandela. Ngakho, ngenxa yalesi umzila omusha yasolwandle esuka eYurophu nase-Asia, lavulwa enesibindi.

wabahloli Mikhulu abakutholile

Sekungamakhulu amaningi eminyaka wahlala abantu abahlukene abenza kakhulu izuzwe zesayensi yemvelo nokuma kwezwe. Uma sikhuluma impumelelo bakithi, owokuqala isihambi omkhulu Russian, lawo ngokushesha efika engqondweni - kuyinto UNikolai Maclay. Nakuba yonke imisebenzi yakhe, yebo, ungafaki belingana uquketheni Hristofora Kolumba, uJames Cook, UVasco da Gama futhi Amérigo Vespucci. Okunabileko uphetha bakhe ukuthi izici zamasiko nohlanga nalokwehlukile emkhatsini abantu ngenxa imvelo nomphakathi.

Phakathi kwezinye abahambi Russian abaye nomthelela ekuthuthukiseni lwesifundo kungenziwa ngokuthi Fedora Konyuhova, Yuri Senkevich, Ivan Papanin, Nikolaya Przhevalskogo, Afanasiya Nikitina, Erofey Khabarov, Vitus Bering nabanye abaningi. Impilo ngamunye wabo - uhambo olude, egcwele izenzakalo ocebile.

Isifiso enkulu ulwazi linamathele womuntu

Kungase ucelwe: lapho abantu banesidingo enjalo esinamandla sokuba nento ethile engaziwa futhi engangeneki? Iqiniso lokuthi kusukela ebuntwaneni ukuba indoda ilala isidingo sokwazi izwe, wuhlole, ukuze uthole izimpendulo zale mibuzo: 'Iyini injongo yokuphila Senzani kule planethi? " Sonke ngokuyisisekelo e umphefumulo - the "omkhulu" abahambi nabahloli bamazwe. Thina ngakho yizoni, omunye angase athi ngisho, ngakho zenzelwe njalo ukuzwa ngezwe. Asibi ngengozi emhlabeni futhi sihluke kakhulu izilwane, njengokungathi abanye akafunanga ukufakazela ukuthi savela kwabafowethu. Mayelana nenshisekelo womuntu kusukela ebuntwaneni wazi izwe kulotshiwe a lot of izincwadi. Enye yalezi etindzabeni letibhaliwe Zoshchenko - "abahambi omkhulu". Ngokulandelayo, Ngithanda ukuchaza kafushane lokho le ncwadi.

Zoshchenko, "izihambi omkhulu"

Ngo ngamunye umuntu, umuntu omdala noma ingane ngempela okwamanje, ezimpilweni zabo Columbus noma UVasco da Gama. Ngisho nalapho ngiseyingane, singakwazi ukubheka indlela ingane efuna ukuzwa ngezwe. Zoshchenko indaba "abahambi omkhulu" acoca indzaba wezingane ezintathu, esasibuthene nxazonke zezwe uhambo olude. Bathatha izinto eziningi ezahlukene, okuyinto kwaba nzima kakhulu ukuze athwale, okuyinto ekugcineni yaphenduka okungenamsoco. Lokhu indzaba lemfisha ezifundisayo sifundisa izingane ukuthi zidinga ulwazi lemisebenzi emikhulu. Zoshchenko indaba "abahambi omkhulu" - kuyinto encane yobungcweti.

esikhundleni isiphetho

Njengoba singabona, ngamunye wethu kuyinto ukoma emikhulu engaziwa - ngabe uku isihambi omkhulu Russian noma umuntu ovamile. Wonke umuntu uzama ukuthola izimpendulo zemibuzo evutha. abahambi Omkhulu futhi zivulwa kuphela ukufakazela leli qiniso elilula futhi ezibalulekile. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, kungakhathaliseki siyosinqoba amabanga amade phakathi ngokuphila kwethu okufushane noma cha, ngamunye wethu uzoqala futhi aqedele uhambo yabo yasemhlabeni, egcwele adventure kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside. Umbuzo uwukuthi into eyodwa kuphela: ukuthi bethola ngesikhathi lolu hambo nokuthi ngeke siyekele?