Kutuzov: isithombe kule noveli "Impi Nokuthula". Izimpawu Kutuzov

lN UTolstoy yayiqiniseka ukuthi umlando awukwazi ukuphatha umuntu ongashadile, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kwakunzima kangakanani kakhulu. Ngokusho kwakhe, isiphetho isimo, ngisho izikhathi ezinzima kakhulu khona ixazululiwe ngabantu.

Le ndlela kubonakala ngomfanekiso kumlawuli, uba ngaphansi kokuphatha kukabani ubuholi ibutho Russian wakwazi ukunqoba ukunqoba okuphelele phezu French e 1812. Mikhail Kutuzov e UTolstoy - isampula esiphathiswa umoya nentando yonke abantu. Ngenxa yethalente amaqhinga empi, ukulungela ikhono ukuvikela umbono wabo, isimo sengqondo njengobaba amasosha, wayinqoba Ukuthandwa nokuhlonishwa yilabo ibutho Russian.

Imininingwane zomlando

Golenischev-Kutuzov Kutuzov, 1745 lokuzalwa, kwaba esikoleni webutho lezempi omuhle, lapho afike wakhonza khona ngaphansi kobuholi PA Rumyantsev futhi Suvorov ekuphakameni kwakhe ngokushesha iqala impi Russian-Turkish zeminyaka 1864-78.

Kuzoqalwa nge-iphini lomlawuli wempi ka Prince Holstein-bek ngo-1861, eminyakeni engu-30 kamuva, wathola isikhundla jikelele. Mikhail Kutuzov Amukelwa kahle la ma esigodlweni ngaphansi uPawulu mina uCatherine II futhi, ngiye iwine ngokuphindaphindiwe imiklomelo phezulu for alamandla empi.

Efika amandla , u-Alexander I ngo-1802, kuqala wammisa umbusi ezempi kanye nokuphatha izindaba civil in the izifundazwe ezimbili, kodwa kamuva ngonyaka sichithiwe. ubudlelwane Elinokhahlo phakathi uMbusi entsha bese Kutuzov lahlala enyameni kwaze kwaba sekufeni lokugcina ngo-1813. Naphezu kwalokhu, ngo-1805, Kutuzov waqokwa induna omunye wamabutho isiRashiya, ethunyelwe Austria ehlobo lika-1812 ngesikhathi ekufuna yezikhulu - induna wonke amabutho Russian nabezempi.

"Impi Nokuthula": incazelo enovelini Kutuzov

Ngokokuqala ngqá umfundi ubona uhlamvu wokubuyekeza laseBraunau. Against isizinda jikelele Austria, begqoke iyunifomu ezimhlophe, Kutuzov, ke Clumps kusengathi hhayi Uyaphawula ahlukaniswe phambi kwakhe lo ibutho sasithi asifane ungayikuba yinduna oyinhloko, futhi abantu abavamile.

Umbhali ngokuphindaphindiwe igcizelela ukumamatheka, ilele ku bakhe babonakala ubuso isilonda, lapho ekhuluma amasosha. Lona sici lokuqala Kutuzov.

"Impi Nokuthula" kuhlanganisa izigcawu eziningana compositionally ezibalulekile, kumdlali wasesiteji odlala ungumholi, futhi uhlale zemvelo. Ubuso bakhe enlivened smile nothandekayo kuye, khona-ke aklolodele. Akazange angabaze ngalolo okhuphukela kanzima ihhashi noma uqala wozele off ngesikhathi umkhandlu wezempi. Hhayi ecasha umbono ogcwele wonke umuntu, angasusa izinyembezi emehlweni noma ukukhombisa ukukhathala. Ngisho inkukhu ngesikhathi sekhefu ukudla sengathi ngemizamo. Kulokhu, kubukeka ohlakaniphile, ezolile futhi enesibopho yezwe kanye nabantu lonke noveli "Impi Nokuthula". Quotes Kutuzov - omunye imininingwane ebaluleke kakhulu ezisiza ukwenza ukumelwa ngalomuntu. "Mayé ngomhlaba, lapho abangaphansi, abaphathi kanye izinkantolo, hhayi imithetho elawula izakhamuzi nezenzo!" - lokhu kanye nezinye izitatimende esisiza ukuba siqonde izinkolelo zakhe kwangaphakathi futhi ukuchaza ezinye izinto.

Buyekeza e laseBraunau

Injongo eyinhloko bazingelwa abakhulu, ukuhlela wokuhlola, - ukuze ubonise indlela ibutho Russian akakwazi ngalesi sikhathi ukuba zihlanganyele empini.

Kulesi sigcawu, abakwazi ukuya sengqondo waphawuleka Kutuzov amasosha. Ubheka ngokucophelela izingubo zabo, ikakhulukazi izicathulo, futhi, shaking ikhanda, ikwenza kucace jikelele Austria, indlela yonke into embi. Ukunakekela okukhethekile Kutuzov amasosha ababazi umkhankaso Turkish, futhi Timohin ukhuluma ngegama futhi uyakhumbula anamandla yakhe ngesikhathi ukuthunjwa Ishmayeli. Hhayi umkhuzi wezempi, futhi umphathi unake - iyamangalisa phakathi ukubuyekeza Kutuzov.

Isithombe enovelini "Impi Nokuthula" umlawuli lonke umkhiqizo kuyahlukahluka kancane. Ngakho ngeke siyambona ngesikhathi sempi Borodino noma okuvela Smolensk.

Impi yase-Austerlitz

Ngakusasa isiqephu kubalulekile ekuqondeni ubunjalo iqhawe - umkhandlu okudalwa impi, babutha onke ojenene ngaphandle Bagration. Woza Kutuzov, owaqala ukubonakala kwakhe lonke yabonisa ukunganeliseki okwenzekayo, bese umane abalala. Leli akulona ngobudedengu elula ngokungacabangi. Le mpi ngeke aphumelele, futhi akukho "ngqondongqondo" amacebo ngeke kusize - lokhu kwaba ngokuphelele ukuthi i abanolwazi umkhuzi Kutuzov isithombe noveli "Impi Nokuthula" okuyinto njalo kuyindaba yokukhathalelwa behlonishwa futhi baziswa.

Akenzi phikisana kumbusi. Alexander ngifika ekuseni endaweni ezoba empini, beqiniseka ukunqoba esasizofika ngokushesha. Wayebonakala bakwazi ukudlula zonke emhlabeni futhi inhliziyo Kutuzov kuphela unciphe kusukela ubuhlungu futhi ngiyaqonda ukuthi ukufa amasosha amaningi kuyoba nenjongo nethemba. Aphoqelelwe ukuba afeze intando inkosi, ubapha oda ukuhlasela. Futhi yilokho okwenzeka ngemva kwalokho - ngokungahlelekile ukubaleka, okuyinto ayikwazanga wayeka, - washaqeka ngisho ukulungele anqobe jikelele.

Impi ye Borodino

Phakathi nempi juqu for umkhuzi wezwe oyinhloko we lonke ibutho Russian Kutuzov okungukuthi, isithombe noveli "Impi Nokuthula" lokukhulunywa ngako kulendzaba akwanele uhambisane nomqondo kanjani ukuba abe umholi wangempela lempi. Kubonakala ukuthi nje abukele futhi akenzi lutho sina. Empeleni akunjalo. Umbhali waveza isimo sakhe sengqondo ukuze ukuziphatha Mihaila Illarionovicha ngokusebenzisa Imibono yezenzo zakhe Andrey Bolkonsky. Yilokho isikhulu ecabanga bangaphambi impi: "[Yena Kutuzov] akazange beveza lutho, abathathi lutho, kodwa uyobalalela, ukukhumbula konke, konke endaweni yayo, lutho usizo cha limele futhi akazange avumele elimazayo. Uyaqaphela ukuthi kukhona into enkulu intando yakhe ... "Lokho kukhona isimo salo amasosha abanquma umphumela ukulwa. Ngempela, ukuthula kwengqondo Kutuzov ngokushesha idluliselwe ukuhlola izikhulu kanye amasosha. Ngenxa iphuzu evumelekile umbono ukuthi empini Borodino ibutho Russian inqobe zokuziphatha phezu isiFulentshi, okuyinto kwakwanele ukuba isinqumo ngomphumela neMpi Yezwe II.

EMkhandlwini Fili

Isihluthulelo sokuqonda ubunjalo Kutuzov waqala kusihlwa ngemva kwepi ye-Borodino. EMkhandlwini Fili kuboniswa ngemehlo kwentombazanyana ngubani wayengakwazi baqonde umyalezo ngeNkosi uJesu endlini. Kodwa ngokushesha wabona Mihaila Illarionovicha, ngubani babembiza Umkhulu. Wayefuna kabi ukuba siphikisana Bennigsen wakhe ezingemnandi kwakhe, wanqoba.

Umbuzo wangempela ukuxazulula sina: ukunikeza empini Napoleon noma ukushiya eMoscow. Abaningi ojenene ababebuthene wayeqonda ukuthi impi entsha kwakusho lonke ibutho Russian ngenakugwemeka ukufa, kodwa Kutuzov ithole isibindi sokukhuleka bhekana Bennigsen futhi baqikelele isinqumo ngokwaso: "... enginakho ... amandla, yanginikeza ozijameleko ezweni, Mina - oda ashona. " Yena, indoda Russian ngempela, umgwaqo "inhlokodolobha engcwele yasendulo eMoscow", kodwa uma kuziwa wangisiza yonke impi futhi izwe, wacabanga bona umhlatjelo lo nyama.

Kutuzov indawo phakathi kwezinye zomlando inoveli izinhlangano

inoveli Epic - isithombe ezinkulu zokuphila Russian isikhathi eside. Indaba imikhaya emithathu yizicukuthwane ezihloniphekayo, nokubusa u-Alexander I , futhi yibo bonke kwekuhlela kabusha Speransky, iqhaza waseRussia e impi yokulwa Napoleon eMpumalanga Yurophu kanye neMpi Patriotic ka 1812 ngonyaka - lezi zenzakalo kusitshela emsebenzini wakhe UTolstoy. "Impi Nokuthula" - ngempela omunye wemisebenzi omkhulu kunayo yonke isiko Russian futhi izwe.

Kodwa kuzo zonke izinto bomlando Kutuzov kuphela njalo futhi yonke indawo esivusa uzwela nokuvunywa umlobi. Lena akukho ngozi. Uma u-Alexander I, uNapoleon nezinye ojenene nicabanga kwasekuqaleni imayelana udumo namandla, Mikhail Kutuzov kwasekuqaleni ubeka ezinhle zezwe lokhokho. Ngemva womkhandlu Fili wacabanga sisezinhlungwini kuye kanzima: "Lapho ... wanquma ukuthi washiya eMoscow" futhi ukuze nginqande leso simo, wayekulungele noma yini. Ukuze UTolstoy, umlawuli baba samuntu umoya wabantu, umfuziselo othile Patriot kweqiniso.

Ukufa Kutuzov

Ngemva ukuxoshwa ibutho French ezivela eRussia isidingo umkhuzi anjalo abakhulu, yayiyini Kutuzov, ngokuvumelana UTolstoy, eye yanyamalala. Manje, amasosha, liphefumulelwe ngokunqoba kwakhe, yena kungaholela kwezinye nomyali. A "ummeleli wabantu-Russian" ngesikhathi lapho Russia ifinyelele "ngezinga eliphakeme inkazimulo yayo", "kungekho lutho olunye olwenzayo. Omele Yabantu impi nalutho kodwa ukufa. "

Kodwa Kutuzov - isithombe kule noveli "Impi Nokuthula", wakhumbula phakade - wahlala emlandweni isiRashiya, umholi omkhulu kunabo bonke lempi, owaphumelela sibonga ukuhlakanipha kwakhe nakho, ukuqonda nokuhlakanipha, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, uthando ongenamkhawulo lokhokho kanye nokholo ugqozi abantu ukunqoba okukhulu kunakho konke ukunqoba umlando wesintu.