Impi ye-1812

Impi Patriotic ka 1812, izimbangela zazo isifiso Napoleon ukuba linqobe umhlaba, athumba zonke isimo, isibe ingqopha emlandweni wezwe lakithi. Ngaleso sikhathi, kulo lonke elaseYurophu aqhubeka baqhubeke bezimele, kuphela Russia nase-England. Ikakhulukazi Napoleon wacasuka abenabo uhulumeni waseRussia, abaqhubeka bephikisana ukunwetshwa ubudlova yayo futhi ehlelekile kuphula ukuvinjelwa ezwekazini.

Ukungena ngxabano France, i-Russia kwaba welungelo uthi monarchical yeYurophu.

Ngu ekulungiseleleni impi kusuka 1810 konyaka. Russia nase France ziyazi ukuthi isinyathelo sezempi is ngenakugwemeka.

UMbusi French yathuma amabutho phakathi Duchy of Warsaw, ukudala izikhali emafektri khona. Russia wazizwa elesaba futhi saqala ukwanda ubukhulu yebutho ezifundazweni entshonalanga.

Impi Patriotic ka 1812 waqala ayehlasela Napoleon ku 12 Juni. 600,000th ibutho French ewela i-Neman.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uhulumeni waseRussia uye wazakhela uhlelo ezibhekene abahlaseli. He qamba ke le Prussian umhlaziyi lempi Ful. Ngokuya ngalolu hlelo, lonke ibutho Russian lalakhiwa izingxenye ezintathu. Amathimba abakhethelwa Bagration, Tormasov, Barclay de Tolly. Ngu ukucabangela, Fulya, amabutho Russian kwadingeka ukuba siphumele izikhundla ebiyelweyo njalo futhi simunye, ukulwa emuva ukumelana isiFulentshi. Nokho, Impi Ye-1812 waqala ukuthuthukisa ngendlela ehlukile. ibutho Russian lwahlehla futhi Napoleon kwakusondela eMoscow. Naphezu ukumelana isiRashiya, ngokushesha French bazithola eduze enhlokodolobha.

Isimo waqala ukuthatha ukuma, wafuna izinto ngenkani isinyathelo ngokushesha. Umkhuzi oyinhloko kwezinhloko zamaviyo Russian matasa Kutuzov ku 20 August.

impi ewumnqamula-juqu yenzeka zingama-26 Agasti eduze nedolobhana Borodino (Borodino impi). Le mpi kwaba zokuchitheka kwegazi okukhulu kunakho wosuku olulodwa impi emlandweni wezwe. Kule mpi, futhi kwakungekho winner. Kodwa losers babe akufani. Nokho, ebheka lesi simo, Kutuzov wanquma ashona ngemva kwempi. Kwanqunywa ukuthumela eMoscow ngaphandle kokulwa. bonke abantu babenikela wakhipha yenhloko-dolobha, futhi lo muzi ngokwawo zishiswe.

amasosha Septhemba 2 sikaNapoleon wafika eMoscow. UMbusi we French babecabanga ukuthi Muscovites ngiyomletha okhiye edolobheni. Kodwa lo muzi washiswa, bazishisa zonke izinqolobane nezinhlamvu nomphako.

Napoleon angazanga ukuthi sizokwenzenjani. Wezempi, isiqala liphuke nesiyalo, amasosha aqala ukudakwa. Kuze 7 Okthoba, ibutho French kwaba eMoscow. Napoleon isinqumo sokuba siphumele endaweni eningizimu, ezindaweni hhayi bahlukunyezwe impi.

Le mpi ezayo kwalwiwa at Maloyaroslavets. Kuye kwaba ngezihluthu lapho ibutho French iphutha. Napoleon kwadingeka ukuna emuva endleleni efanayo kwalokho wafika (phezu Smolensk ubudala).

I izimpi elandelayo njengeqembu yayiqhutshwa ngaphansi kweso obomvu, Vyazma, eduze owela we Berezina. Ibutho Russian eqhuba French nokuthunjwa ezweni lakhe. Ngakho-ke iphelile ayehlasela sikaNapoleon yeRussia.

Impi Patriotic ka 1812 yaphela ngo-December 23, njengoba u-Alexander 1 wasayina Manifesto. Nokho, umkhankaso sikaNapoleon baqhubeka. Izimpi okwenzeka kuze 1814.

Impi Patriotic ka 1812. Imiphumela

isinyathelo sezempi ngenkathi baba isenzakalo esibalulekile ngokomlando Russia. Lokhu impi iye yabangela yokwanda ukwazi kazwelonke abantu Russian. Empini nge Napoleon wahlanganyela ngokuphelele bonke abantu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umuntu mdala.

Ukunqoba Impi Patriotic ka 1812 waqinisekisa ubuqhawe Russian futhi isibindi. Lokhu impi wanika umlando ngemadoda ayethembele: Kutuzov, Rajewski, Bagration, Tormasov nezinye ojenene Russia, abamagama phakade emlandweni. Impi nebutho sikaNapoleon emelelwa isibonelo esiphawuleka kunazo wokuzidela ukuze kusindiswe abantu lonke izwe lakubo.