Krumlov Castle, Republic Czech: incazelo, umlando, izinto ezithandayo kanye namaqiniso athakazelisayo

Eningizimu yeRiphabhuliki yaseCzech kukhona idolobha elihle kakhulu laseC Český Krumlov, elidumile kude nezwe ngenxa yenqaba yalo enhle kakhulu. Umuzi udonsela ababukeli bemikhosi yomculo nabalandeli bemisebenzi yangaphandle. Bethanda ukushada kanye nemibhangqwana yothando.

I-Český Krumlov idolobha elincane eliyiqiniso lasendulo elingatholakala emaminithini ambalwa. Lingaphansi kokuvikelwa kwe-UNESCO futhi libhekwa kahle njengelinye lamadolobha amahle kakhulu eYurophu. Naphezu kobukhulu obuncane futhi hhayi indawo elula kakhulu yezinto ezibukwayo, ukuvakashela eKrumlov Castle (Czech Republic) kuyathandeka kakhulu kubantu bezinye izizwe. Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ngale ndawo emangalisayo.

Incazelo yedolobha

Cishe bonke abavakashi abaza eCzech Republic bavakashele iKrumlov Castle (Cesky Krumlov). Encane, njengedolobhana lezinyamazane eliseNingizimu South, 170 km ukusuka ePrague, ogwini lwaseVltava. Isikhungo salo esingokomlando siyindawo enkulu yokuhamba ngezinyawo, engakaze ishintshe kusukela ngekhulu le-XVIII. I-Krumlov idume ngezindawo zayo eziyingqayizivele: indawo yesigodi yasendulo, eyinkimbinkimbi yenqaba.

Ingxenye endala yedolobha yayakhiwe nxazonke zendlu, okuyinto emlandweni wayo omude wawushintshwa ngabanikazi abaningana. Ngesikhathi sokubusa kwamaKhomanisi, idolobha lafinyelela ekunciphiseni okuphelele kanye nenkangala futhi izivakashi zazingakaze zivakashelwe. Ivuselelwe iKrumlov Castle ngemva kokuguqulwa kwevelvet nokuguqulwa kobuso. Ngokushesha kwaba yinto yezinto ezivakashelwa kakhulu futhi ezivakashelwe ezweni.

Krumlov Castle: umlando

Ukwakhiwa kweqhawe kanye nomuzi kwaqala cishe ngasikhathi sinye. Inqaba yasungulwa ngummeli womndeni wasendulo wama-feudal ka-Vitkovich. Umsunguli wesakhiwo esiyingqayizivele kubhekwa ngokuthi yiWitek II. Kukhulunywe okokuqala ezincwadini zomlando we-1240. Ngo-1253, kwaqalwa kabusha. Ngo-1274 amadolobha azungeze le nqaba ayehlangene. Ngakho-ke kwavela idolobha laseC Český Krumlov.

Inqaba yaba indawo yomndeni onamandla futhi onamandla weWitkowicz. Ngesikhathi sokubusa kwabo, kwakhiwa i-Castle Tower neHradek Palace. Lezi zakhiwo zisezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zeCesky Krumlov, naphezu kokubonakala kwezinguquko zamuva ku-style Renaissance.

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-14, idolobha kanye nenqaba (Cesky Krumlov) yaba yindlu yomndeni kaRožmberk. Lapha yasungulwa indawo yokuhlala yomndeni, umndeni wasendulo owawuphethe iminyaka engamakhulu amathathu. I-rose ebomvu ngesizinda sangesiliva yaba yingubo yezikhali zomndeni. ERožmberká, ukubukeka kwe-gothic yenqaba kwakushintshwa. Ihlanganisa izici ze-Renaissance zokwakha.

Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, insimu yenqaba yakwandisa kakhulu: izizinda ezintsha zanezelwa kuwo. Cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo, izintshebe zafakwa endaweni ye-castle. Ngokuthakazelisayo, ngisho nanamuhla ku-Bear moat zihlala ziqhwaga ezibomvu, ziqhubeka nesiko leminyaka engamakhulu amane.

Umnikazi wokugcina wenqaba yomndeni wakwaRožmberk, ngenxa yezikweleti, wayithengisa ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-17 ku-Emperor Rudolf II, kodwa kakade phakathi nekhulu le-17 inqaba nomuzi wathuthela kubanikazi abasha - umndeni wakwa-Eggenberg. Ngesikhathi sokubusa kwabo uKrumlov Castle (Cesky Krumlov) yakhiwa kabusha ngesitayela se-rococo. Futhi lokhu kwakungeyona yokugcina kabusha.

Futhi ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XVIII leminyaka iKrumlov Castle waphinde wathola abanikazi abasha. Bangabamele umndeni wakwaSchwarzenberg. Zingokwesiko lokubamba izindlu zezigodlo ezithokozile eHholo LoMasquerade. Ngaphansi kweSchwarzenbergs, iHhotela lasehlobo lakwakha eNqabeni YaseNqabayokulinda. Kodwa ukuphumelela okubaluleke kakhulu kweSchwarzenbergs kwakungukubuyiselwa kweshashalazi eyingqayizivele ye-baroque, eyakhiwa ngesikhathi sama-Eggenbergs futhi lapho kukhona khona imihlobiso yangempela kanye nezongaphakathi.

Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XIX leKrumlov Castle (Cesky Krumlov) elahlekelwa ukubaluleka kwalo yokuhlala. Ezinye zezindawo zayo zifinyeleleke kubavakashi, futhi phakathi nekhulu lokugcina inqaba nenqwaba yendawo yeS Schwarzenbergs idluliselwe kuhulumeni.

Cesky Krumlov: ezikhangayo zenqaba

I-complex, ehlala endaweni engamahektha angaphezu kuka-10, iqukethe inqaba nensimu, exhunywe kuyo yonke insimu ibhuloho elibanzi phezu komcibisholo edwaleni. Le nqaba inamagceke amahlanu anezakhiwo ezinobuhle nezomnotho, ezakhiwe ngezikhathi ezahlukene futhi, ngokufanele, zenziwe ngezitayela ezahlukene zezakhiwo.

Ukungena okuphakathi kuLatran Street. Ukudlula iSango Elibomvu, izivakashi zingena egcekeni lokuqala, lapho namuhla kunesikhungo sokuvakasha kolwazi nezitolo zokukhumbula. Lapho besondela enqabeni, izivakashi ziwela i-Bear moat, lapho izintshe ezimnyama zeCesky Krumlov zihamba khona ngokuphumula. Indlu yasendulo inesiko esisha somusa - bonke labo abafisayo bangafaka imali encane ebhange elingu-piggy elise-moat. Lezi zinikelo zenza ukugcinwa kwezibhebhe, ezibukeka kahle futhi zilungiswe kahle.

Castle Tower

I-Krumlov Castle (Cesky Krumlov Castle) inezinto eziningi ezithakazelisayo. Omunye wabo kwakuyi-Castle Tower, eyaba uphawu lomuzi. Umbhoshongo wakhiwa ngekhulu le-XIII, futhi ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-XVI wabuye wakhiwa futhi wakhiwa kabusha ngesitayela se-Renaissance. Phakathi nalezi zenzo, izigqoko zalo zazihlotshiswe ngemidwebo enhle kaBartholomew Beranek. Kuze kube manje, izingcezu zalo zigcinwe, ezibuyiselwe ngokucophelela ekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20.

Ngaphakathi kombhoshongo ungadabula emhlabathini ongavamile, ukhuphuke isiteji esivunguzayo, ujabulele umbono omangalisayo ngoCesky Krumlov ovela kulegalari bese ubona izinsimbi ze-XV ne-XVII leminyaka.

I-Baroque Theatre

Lena enye yezindawo zokudlala ze-baroque zaseYurophu kanye nenye yezinto ezikhangayo eziyinhloko yendlu. Yakhiwa ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-17 futhi isaphila kuze kube yilolu suku okwamanje cishe ifomu layo langempela: indawo yezemidlalo, izingubo zabadlali, izintambo kanye nendawo enkulu yomlando we-repertoire.

Ihholo elinokukhanyisa okufakelwayo lifanisa ukukhanya kwelanga. Idome lidwetshwe ngezithombe zobusuku obusuku nemini nabankulunkulu nabalingiswa bezinganekwane. Ngaphezulu kwezitolo izakhamuzi ezijwayelekile zilenga ibhakhodi. Lapha izindawo zokunethezeka zingabamba kuphela izikhundla. Esiseduze yilapho elala embhedeni ohlukile.

Ngaphansi kwesiteji yikamelo lomshini. Kusuka lapha, ikhethini nesihenqo zilawulwa. Igobho le-Orchestra lakhiwe ngamaqembu amabili e-orchestra, atholakala ubuso nobuso. Abanye abaculi badlala abadlali bezemidlalo yaseshashalazini, abanye ababukeli. Ngo-1966, izakhiwo zemidlalo yaseshashalazini kanye nokufakwa kwempahla kwafika esimweni esiphuthumayo futhi mayelana nalokhu, umsebenzi wokubuyisela waqala, oqhubekayo namuhla. Inqubo yokubuyiselwa manje igcwaliswe ngama-95%, ngakho-ke izivakashi zivakashela indawo yaseshashalazini yaseBaroque, manje esetshenziselwa njengamamyuziyamu.

Esikhathini sesiteji salesi sikhungo, imisindo ingabonwa kathathu ngonyaka kuphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhiqizwa ngalunye kuphenduka iholide langempela, okubangela isithakazelo esikhulu sabambukeli. Bheka nje ukukhangwa kwe-castle kungaba yingxenye yeqembu lokuvakasha.

Ibhuloho elikhukhula

Lesi sakhiwo sakhiwa ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-18 leminyaka. Washintsha ibhuloho langaphambili, eliphukile elikhuni. Izitezi eziningana zihlala ezinsika ezinkulu zamatshe, ezihlotshwe ngemifanekiso. Ibhuloho lixhuma ingxenye yokuhlala yenqaba nemidlalo yaseshashalazini kanye nensimu enezinguquko.

I-Castle Garden

Kwavela ensimini yenkimbinkimbi ekhulwini le-XVII. Ekuqaleni iNqaba yeKrumlov yayihlobisa isitayela ngesitayela seBaroque, ngakho-ke ithola izici zesimo seRococo, futhi kakade ekhulwini lama-XIX ithole ifomu layo lamanje lepaki ye-classic yesiNgisi.

Yiqiniso, eminyakeni yamuva kwenziwa umsebenzi omkhulu ukubuyisela insimu ensimini engesitayela se-rococo. Okuyinhloko yensimu kuyinto emangalisayo umthombo we-cascading, okwakhiwa okwakuqedwa ngekhulu le-18. Umthombo uhlotshiswe nezithombe ze-baroque zonkulunkulukazikazikazikazikazi, izithombe ezifanekisela izinkathi zonyaka. Zonke lezi zithombe ziyikhophi, futhi okuvela kuqala kungabonakala ku-Castle Lapidary.

Isigodlo sasehlobo

I-Krumlov Castle idume ngesinye isakhiwo esimangalisayo. Isigodlo sasehlobo, esaziwa yizakhiwo zayo ezilungisiwe, lakhiwa phakathi nekhulu le-XVIII kwisitayela seRococo. I-interiors yegodlo ihlotshiswe nge-stucco enhle ne-frescoes ehlukile.

Indawo yokuhlaselwa yamahhala

Indlu eyingqayizivele ejikelezayo yakhiwa phakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule yi-scenographer odumile uJoan Brems. Namuhla ihholo lihlezi izibukeli ezingamakhulu ayisithupha namashumi amane nane. Isimo salesi sakhiwo esibucayi se-Castle Garden. Kukhona ukudlala komculo nokumangalisayo, amabhalletshi. Izethulo lapha zihambisana kuphela entwasahlobo nasehlobo.

Muva nje, leli hholo lidala ukungqubuzana okuningi phakathi kwabamthandayo nabaphikisi bakhe abakholelwa ukuthi ihholo alihambisani ne-Castle Garden yasendulo kusukela endaweni yokubukeka, futhi abalandeli bakhe bathi ukungafani kwayo kuthuthukisa isimo somlingo esivandeni sasebusuku.

Inkimbinkimbi enhle yeKrumlov ingabonwa mahhala. Amathikithi adingekayo kuphela ekuhlolweni kwezemidlalo yaseBaroque, i-Castle Tower kanye ne-interiors yenqaba.