JSC "SeAZ": umlando, imikhiqizo

JSC "SeAZ" (SeAZ) iyona inkampani enkulu kunazo ubunjiniyela esifundeni Moscow. Le nkampani ezikhethekile ekukhiqizeni esihlalweni sidecars, izimoto ezincane "Oka" kanye izingxenye ezisele. Namuhla, elihambayo wayeka, futhi inkampani yamemezela ukuthi ayinamali.

isisekelo

Umlando SeAZ iqala ngo-1939. Julayi 7 Yabantu Commissariat Engineering isinqumo ukuhlela emzini ukukhiqizwa isithuthuthu Serpukhov. Ngenxa workshop ukukhiqizwa nendawo ebekelwe zabasebenzi koloni izingane, kamuva lakhula ngezinga isitshalo egcwele.

Ukulingisa Umqondisi Potapov isitshalo futhi Chief Engineer Kovalenko wayalwa ukuba athathe engaguquki ukuqaliswa isheduli "nokwakha kabusha" umsebenzi futhi ukukhipha ngemibhalo yomsebenzi phakathi nezinsuku ezinhlanu. Uhulumeni safuna ngonyaka ukukhiqiza kufika ku 15,000 izithuthuthu ezincane-ukufuduka, ukukhiqizwa awuzange ifakwe noma yiphi impahla ezifanele noma abasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe.

Nokho, ngo-1940, iqembu Motley ehlanganisa ikakhulukazi intsha elinezinkathazo, wakwazi ukuqoqa ukuhlola i-batch zokuhlola izithuthuthu MZL uchungechunge nge-motor ezimbili. Ngo-June 1941, inkampani uye ekhiqizwa amayunithi 180 izithuthuthu A8 onobuhle-injini ezine. ukuqhubeka ukukhiqiza kule ndawo kuwavimbele impi.

neminyaka yempi

Ngo-October 1941, amandla main futhi isibalo sezisebenzi ezinamakhono zabantu zathuthelwa kwezinye izindawo ukuze Urals. Ingxenye ukukhiqizwa wayiswa emzini Tyumen, ingxenye yesibili - e Izhevsk. At the site entsha has kwaba ihlelwe ibutho isithuthuthu inhlangano AM-600 onobuhle, futhi nezindaba eminye imikhiqizo ukuzivikela. Ngemva kokuba amaNazi aliwa eMoscow, ngo-December 1941 ku SeAZ indondo ukukhanda izithuthuthu empini ihlelwe.

umklamo esikoleni

Ngo-1943, iKomiti Yombuso Wezokuvikela sebenqume motopromyshlennost. Umkhakha isikhungo ezikhonjwe Serpukhov. Lapha lenhlangano ye-Central Design Bureau of isithuthuthu bathunyelwa abaklami bezingubo abadumile kusukela Izhevsk: IG Gusakov, AE Mamai iy Nikiforov I. V Ponyatovsky, S. Safonov, V. I. Lozhkin, A. Veyner futhi V M. Crow.

Ngo-1946, ngesisekelo SeAZ kwakhiwa umklamo onamandla futhi isikhungo zokuhlola. Kuze 1951, inkampani isebenza njengoba ukukhiqizwa umshayeli CDB.

Kusukela izithuthuthu ukuba microcar

ifa edabukisayo impi wokugcina kwaba nenani elikhulu labantu abakhubazekile. Ukuze ungangihluphi kakhulu isimo sabo esibucayi futhi ukubasiza kuzolungiswa kuphinde yingxenye yomphakathi, Central Hospital Clinical ngo-1951 ithuthukiswe futhi iqaliswe ekukhiqizweni ezintathu ezinamasondo ikalishi S1L.

Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, imikhiqizo main SeAZ babe izimoto ukuze kulungiswe abakhubazekile. Sidecars Design is njalo ngcono. Ngo-1957, kahle ukukhiqizwa S3L imodeli nge injini qinile ngo-1958 waqala production ezinkulu-inhlangano yomugqa ezine-ezinamasondo ikalishi C3A.

Kusukela ngo-1970, lesi sitshalo kuveza microcar S3D nge zonke-metal monocoque umzimba, okuyinto kukhululwa wadonsa kwaze kwaba ngu-1995. Ubude kusukela ngo-1953 kuya 1995 ekhiqizwa 572 000 sidecars uchungechunge ezahlukene kanye ukuhlela kabusha.

Ngaphezu izimoto labakhubazekile, lesi sitshalo kuveza ezidayiswayo:

• emabhayisikili Wezingane "I Moth", "Crumb" futhi "Lomzwilili";
• Trailer for izimoto ezithwala;
• ukushaqeka wezinciphisi izithuthuthu esindayo Irbit Motor Plant kanye Kyïv.

ukukhiqizwa izimoto

Okuhlangenwe nakho zanqwabelana ukukhiqizwa edonsa ngawo wonke amasondo sidecars waba yithuluzi elihle kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwe-ukukhiqizwa "imoto encane". Engxenyeni yokuqala ye-80s. CDB SeAZ athuthukiswe futhi prototypes ekhiqizwa ka ukonga imoto icwecwe, okuyinto kamuva wathola igama "Oka".

Oda sikaNgqongqoshe embonini yezimoto V N. Polyakova kusukela 25.04.1982, amaqembu intsha abaklami we iVolga kanye Kama Automobile Plant, kanye Serpukhov Motor Plant, icala ukuthuthukiswa design imoto ekilasini elincane kakhulu. iqhaza obusebenzayo abaklami abasha ukuthatha SeAZ: N. D. Rakov, A. P. Popov, N. A. Pavlov, SM rustle AN Galanin ngaphansi kobuholi iSekela leJaji Engineer IE Ivenskogo.

25.06.1985, eU.SSR Council of Ministers uphathisa amandla ukulungisa ephezulu ivolumu inhlangano yabantwana bakwa-edume "imoto encane" AvtoVAZ izimboni, KamAZ futhi SeAZ. Serpuhovchane waqala ukuvuselela esiphawuleka kunazo zonke emlandweni wenkampani. Iphrojekthi ukwenziwa izimoto 10,000 ngonyaka ngesisekelo nokubambisana ezibanzi, ukwakha imoto iVolga futhi "Giproavtoprom".

Ukukhiqizwa powertrain futhi ukushayela amasondo phambi wayala Vaz, amayunithi ukukhiqizwa futhi ezinkulu chassis isibhakela - KamAZa izitshalo. Sibeka izixazululo zanamuhla kakhulu kwezobuchwepheshe, kuhlanganise ukudalwa amakhono ukuze priming ngu sebethule cataphoretic ku yokukhiqiza upende amarobhothi Welding leNdikimba nezimo othomathikhi line production. Ukwakhiwa ukukhiqizwa entsha nezokuphatha-yasendlini izakhiwo, ukwakha kabusha izitshalo ezindala.

Ezingokoqobo isikhathi

Hlola SeAZ nokwakha kabusha kwadingeka izimo ezintsha zomnotho of kabusha, libhekene ayehle kakhulu amandla emali, ukuntula imali wamabhizinisi ukuzivikela kanye nokwehla jikelele ekukhiqizeni. Kunikezwa isitshalo eliyigugu ngalesi sikhathi, technical support nendwangu AvtoVAZ, uzogcwalisa kabusha futhi bahlele ekukhiqizweni imoto yesimanje. Nokho, emakethe oluyingozi, ngokuyinhloko asetshenziswa enana, ukukhiqizwa akuyona enwetshiwe, futhi kwaba ezingenanzuzo.

Sokuvikela, umsebenzi onzima amandla ithimba ukukhula 3000 izingcezu ekukhiqizeni imoto ngo-1996 kuya ku-18 zamarandi ngo-2001 futhi ufinyelele ukusebenza ikhefu-ngisho 2000. In autumn 1999, inkampani eqoqwe imoto 50,000th, ngonyaka 4.09.2002 - eziyikhulu senkulungwane. Bomnotho ka 2008 babungonakala nesimo esingokwezimali inkampani. 22.02.2009 ngokumelene SeAZ okuqalwe ucabanga ekuqhutshweni. Isiphetho esidabukisayo giant auto. Namuhla isithombe SeAZ ebangela ukucindezeleka kuphela kodwa uma okuthile ngawo ugcwaliseka ngokugcwele ukuphila ukusebenza.