Kosygin Aleksey Nikolaevich, Usihlalo we-USSR Council of Ministers: Biography, umndeni, emisebenzini yezombangazwe

Kosygin Aleksey Nikolaevich kwaba ephathini futhi uhulumeni abaholi ezinkulu e nenkathi yamaSoviet. Wayengumuntu Hero kabili ye-Socialist Labour. Wazalelwa Kosygina Alekseya Nikolaevicha - 8 (12) Februwari 1904 Hometown babengamaphesenti Petersburg.

Alexei Kosygin: Biography

Igama lonina umholi wesikhathi esizayo - umhlengikazi ophethe Alexandrovna. Igama likaYise Nikolay Ilyich. Abamukeli (abazali abangokomoya) babe SN Stukolov futhi M. egorova. Kosygin Aleksey Nikolaevich njengoba ingane wabhapathizwa (7 Mashi 1904). WayeyiZwi ingane yesithathu. Umkhaya Kosygin Alexei Nikolaevich kwakungekaNkulunkulu abomdabu abalimi. Uyise ubesebenza njengomshayeli turner efektri. Umama u-Alexei sika wafa eseneminyaka ecishe ibe mithathu.

Ubusha umsebenzi wokuqala

Kusukela ekupheleni 1919 kuya ku-March 1921 wakhonza Army 7 16 futhi 61-karate yokwakhiwa ku isiqinti Petrograd-Murmansk. Kusukela ngo-1921 kuya ku-1924-th Kosygin Aleksey Nikolaevich wayengumfundi wesazi People Zonke-Russian sika Commissariat prodkursov. Ezemfundo, wabekwa e Petrograd ekolishi. Ngemva kokuthweswa iziqu zakhe wathunyelwa Novosibirsk. Wayelapho ngomfundisi inyunyana zesifunda umthengi. Kusukela ngo-1924 kuze kube ngo-1926 yena wayehlala futhi esebenza e Tyumen, izimoto kule minyaka emibili ezayo wayengumuntu ilungu leBhodi, Shona. orgotdelom Yelena Union of Consumer e Kirensk. Kulomuzi ngo-1927, Kosygin Aleksey waba ilungu CPSU (b). Ngonyaka olandelayo wabuyela Novosibirsk. Kube afike wakhonza khona njengenceku ikhanda. uMnyango ukuhlela emunye le laseSiberia abathengi lesifunda '. Ngo-1930, wabuyela Leningrad, Kosygin Aleksey ifika Textile Institute futhi iziqu ke ngo-1935. Kusukela ngo-1936 kuze kube ngo-1937. Yena usebenza njengoba umthakathi, bese siqondise shift efektri kubo. Zhelyabova. Kusukela ngo-1937 kuya ku-1938 - umqondisi Fab. "Okthoba". Ngo-1938, wamiswa njengelungu kwenhloko yomnyango zezimboni futhi kuthuthwe ngendlela ephephile Leningrad Regional Committee CPSU (b). Ngawo lowo nyaka kwathi lapho umuntu edlula okuthunyelwe uSihlalo yekomiti. Kulesi isikhundla wahlala kwaze kwaba ngo-1939. Ngesikhathi XVIII iCongress of Kosygin Aleksey waba ilungu leKomiti Central we CPSU (b). Ngawo lowo nyaka wamiswa Yabantu Commissar ngoba basembonini yendwangu. Iposi bekatsatsa kuze 1940 ..

Iminyaka yempi

Juni 24, 1941, wamiswa njengelungu Okokuqala Isekela Usihlalo Webhodi kuhlengwe. Julayi 11 Wasungula iqembu elikhethekile kwabahloli. Umholi wayo iba Kosygin. Engxenyeni 1941 yesibili, iqembu eyenziwa kuhlengwe 1.523 amabhizinisi, kuhlanganise 1,360 ezinkulu. Kusukela maphakathi no-January kuya ku-July 42 th Kosygin Aleksey, ekubeni i ogunyaziwe T-izikweletu eLeningrad, kwaba ukuhlinzeka amabutho kanye labantu emzini ovinjezelwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wahlanganyela imisebenzi, kwazise izikhulu zezinhlangano zendawo kuyi-Leningrad phambi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo yalala kobuholi esiphuthumayo izakhamuzi esuka kude impela eLeningrad. Wabuye waba nengxenye kubekwa "Road of Life". ngo-August 23 1943, wamiswa njengelungu inxusa ukuhlinzeka fuel izikhala zilwane bomdabu. Ngo-June 23 walowo nyaka, yena - Usihlalo oPhethe Yabantu Commissars we RSFSR.

umsebenzi wangemva kwempi wahlelwa

Ngemva kokuphothulwa seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili, wamiswa usihlalo we-CPC bureau tekusebenta. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wayehileleka imisebenzi Special Committee (-athomu). Ngo-1946, 19 Mashi, ukutjho kwakhe sephini usihlalo wase-USSR Council of Ministers. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yena uqokelwe njengelungu wabaholi Politburo. Isikhathi abalambayo 1946-1947. Kosygin iye nokuphatha isofthiwe prodpomoschi ezindaweni abadinga kakhulu. Februwari 8, 1947, wamiswa njengelungu umongameli wokuqala Bureau of Commerce and umkhakha ukukhanya. Ngo-1948 waba ilungu Politburo. NgoFebhuwari, usinikeza okuthunyelwe ka wezeziMali. Ekuqaleni kuka-July, ke athalalise izinhloko Bureau of Light Industry and Commerce. Disemba 28 imfuno kuya iposi elisha. Waba uNgqongqoshe Khanyisa Imboni. Lesi sikhundla kuvikelwe kuye kuze 1953. Kusukela imisebenzi uNgqongqoshe Wezezimali, bamdedela. Ekuqaleni kuka February, wamiswa inhloko-Bureau of Commerce. Okthoba 16, 1952 th - khetha ilungu ozobhapathizwa Ephakeme KaHulumeni leKomiti Central LamaKhomanisi.

Imisebenzi ngemva kokufa kukaStalin

Kosygin elahlekile post yakhe njengoba iPhini likaSihlalo we Council of Ministers, lapho wayezoba 1940. Phakathi no-March 1953, izinguquko kwabasebenzi zenzeka. Ikakhulukazi, ukwakha Ministry of Ukudla umkhakha ukukhanya, kuzohlanganisa iminyango 4. Agasti 24, aphethwe kabusha yayo. It uguqulwe Ministry of Industry imikhiqizo ukudla ngaphansi Kosygin. Ngo-December 7, wabuyela sephini. Inhloko CM. 22 Disemba, wamiswa Usihlalo Imboni Bureau Prom-ukudla ezidayiswayo. Ngo-1955, yamkhulula kusuka kokuthunyelwe. NgoFebhuwari 26 ka ngalowo nyaka yena kwaqinisekiswa njengoba ilungu KaHulumeni CM mhlaka-22 Mashi, waba ilungu Commission on ezindabeni zamanje. Kusukela ngo-August 26, Kosygin ukusebenza kweqembu udaba imikhiqizo umthengi. Disemba 25, 1956 th wamiswa yiphini lenhloko lokuqala Gosekonomkomissii SM samanje uhlela emnothweni kazwelonke. Ngo-1957 kwathiwa yatuswa yaba ilungu Main Military Council ngesikhathi Defense Council,. Ngo-June ngawo lowo nyaka wakhethwa njengoba umfundi for the Central Committee KaHulumeni.

Sebenza ngaphansi Khrushchev

Njengoba sisekelwa Nikity Sergeevicha Kosyginu wakwazi ukubuyela esikhundleni sokuba amalungu ozobhapathizwa Ephakeme KaHulumeni. March 31, 1958 kwaba-aphoyintimenti entsha kuqala. Kosygin uthi Isekela Usihlalo KaHulumeni CM ngezindaba intengo. Kusukela ngoMashi 20 1959 ukuze 04/05/1960 Waqale ephethwe Gosplan. Ngo-1959 wamiswa njengephayona elivamile ilungu Defense Council,. Mashi 24 Ngawo lowo nyaka waba ummeleli wezwe kuleli CMEA. Ngo-August 13, kokudedelwa okuthunyelwe ka Usihlalo Commission ngesikhathi KaHulumeni CM ngezindaba intengo.

Imisebenzi kusuka 1960 kuya ku-1964

Kusukela ngoMeyi 4, 60, usinikeza isikhundla iPhini likaSihlalo lokuqala CM. ngo-1962, ngo-April 28, wakhe ilungu isimangalo Bureau. Ngawo lowo nyaka ngo-February 20 aphethwe umklomelo wakhe wokuqala. Ngezimpawu namasevisi LamaKhomanisi kanye nezwe ukwakhiwa lamakhomanisi, kanye Mayelana nomkhosi wokuhlanganisa iminyaka 60 Hero of Socialist Labour Kosygin wathola. Kusukela 13 kuya 14 Okthoba 1964, aphethwe ingxoxo ukususwa Khrushchev emhlanganweni Ephakeme KaHulumeni. Kosygin ngokuthi indlela yaso ukuphathwa "akuyona Leninist." Emhlanganweni amsekela iqembu okumele ngoba ukufuduka yayo.

Usihlalo we-USSR Council of Ministers

Iposi wathatha Okthoba 15, 1964-th. Isikhundla sahlala naye iminyaka engu-16. Le nkathi ubhekwa irekhodi. New Usihlalo we-USSR Council of Ministers wafuna ukwenza izinguquko ayisisekelo emnothweni. isiphakamiso sakhe evezwe Embikweni wakhe ngcono ukuhlela, ngcono ukuphathwa izimboni, eqinisa inkanuko ukukhiqizwa. Embikweni wakhe ethobela Plenum leKomiti Central ngo-September 1965. Alekseya Kosygina kwekuhlela kabusha aphakanyisiwe ekuhlukanisweni bekuhlela kwezomnotho, nokuqinisa umsebenzi zezici ebalulekile kahle kwezomnotho (inzuzo, inzuzo), ukunwebeka yokuzimela wamabhizinisi.

inqubekela

Esikhathini kusuka 1966 kuya ku-1970, Kosygin ngenkuthalo lwenteke izinhlelo. Lokhu uhlelo lweminyaka emihlanu ubhekwa impumelelo kuleli zwe emlandweni Soviet. Lize sabizwa ngokuthi "igolide". Phakathi nale nkathi yeminyaka emihlanu ingeniso kazwelonke kukhuphuke ngo-186%, ivolumu ukukhiqizwa ezidayiswayo - by 203%, inzuzo okudayisa - by 198%, kanti kwabasebenzi liye landa ngamaphesenti angu-220%. Le mpumelelo kwezomnotho kwakubangelwa ukunwetshwa ukuzimela namabhizinisi, nokwehla izinkomba abukhali zigunyazwe kusuka phezulu. Esikhundleni ivolumu bezakhamuzi ukukhiqizwa usetha inani yokuthengisa, izindleko isishintshanisiwe ku nenzuzo kanye inzuzo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubaluleka neyandisiwe nokuxhumana kwezomnotho phakathi amabhizinisi, ukusungula ubudlelwano izivumelwano phakathi izinhlangano micro-kwezomnotho. Ngo-1974 Kosygin futhi wathola isihloko Hero of Socialist Labour.

Ezinye izindawo umsebenzi

A neqhaza esenziwa Kosygin futhi inqubomgomo angaphandle. Ngakho, sibonga kuye babe nobudlelwane kwesejwayelekile neChina ngesikhathi kushayisana emngceleni on obakhathalelayo. Damanskiy. Kosygin wahlangana ne Zhou Enlai (Ndunankulu uMkhandlu Wombuso) esikhumulweni sezindiza e-Beijing. Ngenxa yalokho izingxoxo, wabenqabela amayunithi Soviet uyohlala endaweni engenabantu kulesi siqhingi ngemva Waxosha Chinese. Ngakho, amabutho Chinese ngokushesha wathatha Damanskiy. Kamuva, lesi siqhingi sasibizwa spliced nge ezwekazini futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi uba yingxenye ebalulekile yokusebenza insimu yamaShayina. Kosygin enza khona umnikelo omkhulu enhlanganweni futhi ubambe we-1980 i-Olympic Games. Njengoba Varennikov libonisa ngo-1979, yena umhlophe kuphela omunye wamalungu Politburo ababemelene ukuthumela amasosha aseSoviet ku Afghanistan. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, elala uBrezhnev kanye nabasizi bakhe abaseduze abangu elinqunywe.

eminyakeni yamuva

Ngo-1980, 21 Okthoba, Kosygin wakhululwa umsebenzi njengoba ilungu Politburo LamaKhomanisi. Izinombolo 23, yena bafaka isicelo sokususwa yakhe kusuka kokuthunyelwe yokuba inhloko CM ngesikhathi Ukuwohloka impilo. Njengoba kufakazelwa grishin, ngaleso sikhathi owayese uNobhala wokuqala weKomidi kaMasipala CPSU, Kosygin, ngokuhlala kakade esibhedlela, wakhathazeka kakhulu ngenxa oluzayo 11 th uhlelo lweminyaka emihlanu. Wayenovalo lokuthi kuyoba elibangelwa ukwehluleka, ngoba, ngokombono wakhe, le Politburo akafunanga ngokwakhayo ukuxazulula inkinga yezomnotho. Alexei washona ngoDisemba 18, 1980 simemezelo sokufa kwakhe Nokho, cindezela isikhulu eshicilelwe ngemva kwezinsuku ezintathu kuphela. Ukwephuza kwakubangelwa ekugubheni usuku lokuzalwa uBrezhnev sika. Ukuze kungabi bikho akusibekele womcimbi, kwanqunywa ukuba bahlehlise izindaba.

emngcwabeni

Ukuze kulahlwe ababusi abaqavile, osopolitiki kanye abantu kokuba kokufaneleka ekhethekile ngaphambi lawobaba, ezibiyele Wall Necropolis yadalwa. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-yethuna khona. Iningi izibalo sebefile. Ezibiyele Wall Necropolis kufaka columbarium ngoba urns lomlotha. Ngesinye isikhathi lapho bangcwatshwa mbuso lamaKhomanisi angaphandle. I isitsha nomlotha Kosygin efakwe ohlangothini kwesokudla 24 Disemba 1980

inzalo

Umkayo wayesesibhedlela Klavdia Andreevna Krivoshein. indodakazi Ludmila wazalwa ngo komshado. Irekhodi ukuthi nezinye izingane Kosygin Alexei Nikolaevich, akukho. indodakazi ULyudmila yakhonza njengoba Umqondisi ku Foreign nezincwadi zokufunda Library. Abazukulu Alekseya Kosygina kube yisikhumbuzo kumkhulu wakhe. Ikakhulukazi, Tatiana has a amarekhodi ingobo yomlando. Umzukulu Alex - eyaziwa usosayensi-Geoinformatics, academician kanye nomqondisi we Nomhlaba Centre.

izinkumbulo

Ngo Umlando wakhe ababephila ngesikhathi kuyizimpawu Kosygin ngokuthi esengqondweni iyacaca futhi kahle. Wayazi kahle erudite, kodwa laconic. Kosygin akabubekezelelanga eyize. Enkulumweni, wayengumuntu elula izibambe, ngezinye izikhathi ngokhahlo. isimilo saKhe lonke yabonakaliswa nenhlanganyelo abanye. Njengoba wakhumbula Eugene Chazov, Kosygin akakuthandanga noma Khrushchev noma uBrezhnev. Nokho, bobabili omethembayo kuye siqondise umnotho. Kwezinye imithombo kukhona ukugxekwa ukuphathwa odlule. Kosygin wasolwa ukweqisa. Nokho, izinkumbulo Chazova esifanayo, indlu ayephila kuso, ngaphandle futhi Interiors sihluke kakhulu ezinkulu, ne izimangalo Ubukhosi Ezezindlu uBrezhnev wesifunda. Kosygin yena Wayenesizotha futhi ehlakaniphile.