Jikelele uKarl Wolff: Biography, umlando, izinsuku ezisemqoka kanye nemicimbi

Karl Wolf - Jikelele SS, okuyinto baziwa kakhulu ngokuba eSoviet Union, ikakhulukazi sibonga umbhali Julian Semyonov futhi inoveli yakhe "Seventeen Moments of Spring", okuyinto yathathwa eponymous 12-okuyingxenye TV movie wadedelwa yeshashalazi kuleli zwe ngo-1973. Nokho, kwaba kuphela ekuskrini uhlamvu, futhi biography yangempela Volfa UKarla, nezinsuku main kanye nemicimbi okwenzeka ekuphileni kwakhe, uzobe ezachazwa kamuva kulesi sihloko.

ekuqaleni komgwaqo

Karl Friedrich Otto Wolff wazalwa ngo-May 13 1900 e Darmstadt (Empire German) kumeluleki umndeni nezindaba zomthetho. Lapho eneminyaka engu-17 ubudala, wazicelela ukuba bangene ebuthweni lempi. Ekupheleni kwe-First World, wayesenalo kakade elisezingeni uLieutenant kanye nemiklomelo ezifana Iron Cross mina amakilasi II.

Wolff kwadingeka ukuzama yena empilweni sokuya empini - kwaba commercial futhi yasebhange. ibanga okunjalo imisebenzi ungenziwanga ithuba: lokhu kuye kwaba nengxenye enkulu umshado wakhe indodakazi omunye nezimboni ezinkulu German - Renthelda isizinda labetibambile ngo-1923. Ngokushesha livula inkampani yakhe, wahlanganyela ukuhweba kanye nokumela abantu.

umsebenzi

Thanda iningi lamasosha of the Empire, owayekade eyisikhulu saseJalimane, uKarl Wolff wayephakathi amaNazi. Amabutho ama-SS kanye NSDAP wangena kunalokho sekwephuzile - ngo-1931. Nokho, ngesikhathi ukuphila iDemo wakwazi nedumela njengesisebenzi elizolile nokuzethemba naphumayo othandwa kakhulu nalabo abangaphansi ihlonishwe. Ekuqaleni kuka-September 1933, wamiswa njengelungu wempi ka Genriha Gimmlera, le Reichsfuehrer SS.

Mangisho ukuthi ezindabeni zezempi Volf Karl ngokukhethekile awukenzi. esikoleni Wayengowesizukulwane yempi ngokwayo. Eqinisweni, kwathatha ezingaphezu kuka yasebhange, futhi ikakhulu, izimali SS. Kuye kwaba lula makenze njengoba nje babesondelene nomphakathi ibhizinisi Germany. Ngokwemibiko ethile, waba umqalisi eyinhloko ekudalweni kwendoda nowesifazane okuthiwa SS Mug abangane. Le nhlangano ihlanganisa njengoba umqondisi izinkampani ezahlukene, izigebengu nezakhamuzi nje hhayi kuphela ukusekela izinqubomgomo amaNazi, kodwa futhi ukuze usize ngezimali. Wolf futhi wathatha ingxenye esebenzayo kudalwa izimpawu SS, ithuthukiswe ngesisekelo buyimfihlakalo zamaJalimane.

isixhumanisi

Kusukela ngo-1936, umlekeleli eduze futhi omethembayo of UHimmler iba Karl Wolf. Nguye iminyaka eminingi eyenziwa ukuhlobana kwemikhosi umqashi wakhe Hitler. UHimmler kwakwaziswa kakhulu umsebenzi wakhe futhi kubhekwe ngingumngane wakhe omkhulu. Lokhu kufakazelwa iqiniso lokuthi Wolff bemphelekezela cishe yonke indawo kule uhambo eziningi, imihlangano ngisho ngesikhathi ehambele "amakamu okufa."

Ngo-1943, ubuhlobo babo sawohloka kancane. Imbangela ukuxabana kwabo kwaba isehlukaniso futhi kabusha umshado Wolf. Kodwa, naphezu kwalokhu, ukuzethemba kaHitler kuye kwaba namanje angenamkhawulo. Ekwindla ka-1943 Wolf wathola isikhundla esisha waya Italy. Lapha uba sokudumisa obuphakeme amaphoyisa kanye SS, futhi ezinyangeni ezimbili kamuva - umeluleki kuhulumeni undlovukayiphikiswa ka Benito uMussolini.

kuqale izingxoxo

Ekubona kusengaphambili wokugoqa okuseduze -Third Reich, Schellenberg, kanye UHimmler wanquma ukusungula contact US bezobunhloli. Futhi futhi indima ibhuloho imele zonke okufanayo wazama futhi ihlolwe Wolff. Ugcina ekwazile ukusungula contact wayefisa uPapa Pius XII. Ekuqaleni Mashi 1945 Wolf lokuqala elalihlangana Ascona, Switzerland neqembu labantu baseMelika, eliholwa Allen Dulles, lapho bexoxa yokubuyiswa Army German ku Apennines.

Ngenxa yokuthi Washington futhi eMoscow ngaleso sikhathi babehlangene, Mashi 12 baseMelika esenquma uHulumeni waseSoviet izingxoxo ze-EU. Lapho bezwa ngalokhu, uStalin waphoqelela iqhaza kuzo futhi abameleli bakhe, kodwa wenqaba. Kamuva, leli nxusa US kokuphindela eSoviet Union Harriman wachaza lesi sinqumo ngokuthi i-United States esatshwe Ngokuwa izinkulumo ngenxa yezimo engamukeleki ezingase ibenze abameleli be-USSR.

Isigaba sokugcina

Phakathi naleso sikhathi, amahlebezi okuthi Karl Wolff uqhuba inkhulumomphendvulwano amaMelika, wafika Bormann, ezama ukusebenzisa lo ikhadi trump e umdlalo wabo ngokumelene Genriha Gimmlera, ngubani, kanye Schellenberg yayinokufanayo ngomzuzu wokugcina ukulondoloza inqubo yezingxoxo.

Phakathi inkhulumomphendvulwano amaMelika akuwenzanga ukungabaza mayelana namandla Wolf, kanye nekhono SS wokuhlela umcimbi enkulu kangaka njengoba Zinikeleni kwezinhloko zamaviyo German wamisa endaweni wamaFascist Italy. Lokhu kwakha ukungathembani kwaba ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi amayunithi German ngesikhathi elaliholwa Field Marshal A. Kesselring.

umaluju

Ukuze ukungabaza yamuva baseMelika, Wolff kwakufanele sithathelwe indawo yizinto umbimbi amabalazwe zabo ezintsha amabutho amaNazi e-Italy. Esikhathini esizayo, le mibhalo wasiza US ukuthuthukisa necebo elihle kunawo wonke zokuhlasela ku nhlonhlo.

Ekupheleni kuka-April 1945, lapho enqobile Allied okuhlukumezayo Italy, Wolf ekugcineni efika wonke amandla adingekile ukuze uphetha kuthula eside elindelwe. Ngo-April 29, yena Heinrich von Vietinghoff esayina yonke imigomo sokunikela amabutho amaNazi e-Apennines.

I post-yimpi biography

Karl Wolff, kuphambene ingqondo, ngemva Zinikeleni laseJalimane lobuNazi ne umsebenzi walo amabutho amaZwe Asizanayo akazange ukufihla, kodwa kunalokho, wayenethemba lokuthi i-ushwele, ngisho ezinye isinxephezelo abawinile. Ngisho ngesikhathi izingxoxo ezenzeka Switzerland, wakwenza kwacaca ukuthi ngemva kokuwa Hitler ulindele ukuthola kokuthunyelwe uhulumeni German entsha ingaphakathi isikhonzi. Kodwa, ngokuphambene nalokho abakulindele yakhe, waboshwa amaMelika ngo-1946, benecala eJalimane.

Isigwebo wamshaya iminyaka emine emakamu okufukuzwa kuwo. Karl Wolff wadedelwa ngo-1949. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ngesikhathi eboshwa, lowo balahlekelwa cishe yikho konke in ekuqaleni 1950s, impahla yakhe inhlalakahle ifinyelele ezingeni sasiyingxenye eminyakeni yakhe ephambili kunawo wonke.

ukuboshwa yesibili

Richard Breitman, isazi-mlando sase-Harvard University, wathi ngokubamba iqhaza ezingxoxweni, eyaqala ekupheleni kwempi, kanye nesicelo siqu Allen Dulles, Wolff yasindiswa. Uma kungenjalo, owayengumqondisi-jikelele we-Nazi, njengeselelesi impi, ingabe sasiyoba khona bayophila enkantolo ngesikhathi waseNuremberg, eduze kumqashi wakhe wangaphambili Kaltenbrunner. Zonke kakhulu leyo we oMfelandawonye Ayenesizathu esizwakalayo nawo.

Kungani baseMelika musa kwenziwe ngakho? Kodwa iqiniso liwukuthi kulesi simo Wolf wayengatshela ngempela inguqulo ehlukile mayelana nendlela sokunikela e-Italy, futhi izingxoxo, obekungadala ngokuphongoza esemthethweni, emelelwa Allen Dulles. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqashelwa okungenzeka owayengumqondisi-jikelele esilimaza idumela American IHhovisi Strategic Services, ngesisekelo okuyinto CIA wadala, futhi kubangele umonakalo ongalungiseki lonke Allied womanyano.

Lo mbono kubonakala sengathi kweqiniso njengoba ngokushesha ngemva ukwesula Dulles, owenzeka ngo-1961 ngenxa umzamo kuhlulekile ukuba bahlasele baseMelika Cuba, uKarl Wolff aphinde waboshwa khona. Ngalesi sikhathi, iziphathimandla German ngibeké phambili kuye icala ekusizeni kanye nokukhuthaza kuqothulwe ezingaphezu kuka-300 eziyinkulungwane. Abantu. Lapha kwaba umbuzo kokuxoshwa kwezithunywa amaJuda Polish emakamu okuhlushwa, etholakala eduze nedolobhana Treblinka. Wolf, njengoba kulindelwe, yebo, waphika ikuphi ukubandakanyeka Kwesizwe, omema lokukhohlwa yayo.

Eminyakeni embalwa eyathatha etinkhulumiswaneni kuleli cala. Ekugcineni, le sinqumo sethulwe ngo-September 1964: iminyaka engu-15 ebhadla ejele. Nokho, kaHitler wangaphambili Jikelele uKarl Wolff wadedelwa ngaphambili kakhulu - ngo-1971. Isizathu sokukhululwa ekuseni - ngenxa yezizathu zempilo. Wafa phakathi Julayi 1984 emzini Rosenheim (eBavaria, eJalimane).