Izindiza American. Yomphakathi kanye US wezempi izindiza

Manje US Air Force kubhekwa olujwayelekile sivumele isishaya-mthetho emkhakheni wokwakha izindiza. I-US ubheka kahle lesi simo yemvelo.

I kuqala leza

izindiza American ukulandelela umlando wabo ne indiza yokuqala izelamani zakwaWright. Bakwazi ukwakha kuka-1903, hhayi kuphela sibonelo samanje izindiza, kodwa futhi ukuze uthole ulwazi lokuqala kanye nesipiliyoni indiza ephethwe.

Lapho esebenza emshinini, okwathiwa "Flyer", abasunguli kusetshenziswa izindlela, logshie ngesisekelo kubo bonke zezindiza umkhakha okwalandela. Kodwa abazalwane wencike nakho ngaphambili ukuthi banikwa imiphumela impumelelo nabahluleka kuzo. Lawa prototypes indiza waqala eFrance, e-Russia, e-England nakwamanye amazwe. Ngakho-ke, ibhanoyi lokuqala yimpumelelo anikeza ugqozi ukuqhubeka kuwo wonke amazwe, awayise.

ukuntwela zezindiza

Jerk Cijela ukushintsha isimo izindiza ezivela Clumsy igalaji okuzenzela ukuba imishini omkhulu zezimboni, owenzeka phakathi kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala. US izindiza zempi wathatha ingxenye kuwo kuphela esigabeni sokugcina. Ngakho-ke, amaMelika ungazange zanqwabelana isipiliyoni esanele izindiza zempi.

Esikhathini esiyiminyaka interwar, it libhekene ukuthuthukiswa izindiza leposi nomgibeli, evumela ukuba unqobe lo amabanga omkhulu ezweni lakubo futhi ukuqhuba ibhizinisi for ukulethwa abagibeli kanye imoto eNingizimu Melika, cishe elingenalo Railways. Ngaleso sikhathi-ke sidalwe abakhiqizi ezinkulu izindiza:

• "Boeing".
• "Sikorsky".
• "Mcdonnell Douglas".
• "Lockheed" nabanye

Ukukhiqizwa izinjini ukuthi indiza bekwi-corporation "Pratt & Whitney" nelithi "Jenene Electric". Aircraft US umkhakha sibonga ezingeni yentuthuko isiqoqi sama-softwe has a uvundile, nakuba indlela lempi ke, bekubonakala kabi athuthukile. Noma kunjalo, iU.S. enikeziwe izindiza nama-pilot ngoba ezinye izingxabano pre-impi. izindiza American nama-pilot nengxenye neMpi Sino-Japanese ohlangothini we KMT umbuso.

IMpi Yezwe II. ekuqaleni

By ekuqaleni kweMpi Yezwe II, US kwadingeka izici ezincane kakhulu emkhakheni zezindiza ezempi. Imicimbi e-Europe baye Sakushintsha isimo embonini zezindiza. Ukuze bacabangisise-Third Reich, France kwakudingeka lenqwaba izindiza, okuhloswe isinxephezeliso ukulahlekelwa impi. Imboni US kwakuzothutheleka ukutshalwa French nobuchwepheshe ukuqinisekisa ukusungulwa izindawo zokukhiqiza ezinkulungwane imishini. Ngemuva kokuwa France, e-United States waba ezingemuva zezimboni Britain oda zabo lapho.

Wathola umfutho, US yezindiza umkhakha Kancani kancani umthamo mayelana nodaba. izindiza American ugxile ukuthuthukiswa kwezobuchwepheshe emazweni ahlukahlukene futhi bazivumelanisa isipiliyoni empini eqhubekayo.

Ukuhlanganyela empini

Phakathi neminyaka yempi alethwe US ukwakhiwa izindiza kuleli isikhundla ekuholeni emhlabeni. I-United States kudale izindiza eziphambili lempi, eyayihlanganisa zonke izinhlobo izindiza. Easy American kwesimo endaweni indiza, ifakwe ikakhulu nemishini izithombe, umzila ovulekile ivaliwe superheavy "izinqaba flying" B-25. Phakathi nempi-United States baye bathola okuhlangenwe nakho oyigugu enkulu imisebenzi emoyeni ekahle phezu esikalini leli zwekazi. I ilwa neJapane kunqunywa ubuholi zezindiza asolwandle, ngokusekelwe inqwaba ezisekelweni yenethiwekhi ezisekelwe amakilasi ezahlukene.

Amandla okubhubhisa izikhali ezintsha waqalwa ngokugcwele. Air Command unesibopho kwamabhomu olunzima kunalo lonke ake emadolobheni isiJalimane, izakhamizi ungashiyi ithemba lakhe lokusindiswa. US izindiza wamshaya ukuhlasela ngezikhali zenuzi wokuqala emhlabeni.

Naphezu ngezinga elikhulu we Air Force, technical ukuphelela izimoto akuzona njalo uhambisane kwenkathi. US ekuphonsweni ukweleta ivelaphi ekuthuthukiseni isiZulu emkhakheni injini kanye ekwazi ukumelana namandla omoya indiza ngesivinini.

inkathi esisheshayo

Abaholi-United States kwaba kahle izinguquko wamavukelambuso elihlobene ne obhekwe injini jet. Eyokuqala US ukulwa izindiza akhiwa Lockheed. Fighter F-80 Shuting Star kwakubonakala elula ukwenza futhi ukusebenzisa, okwenza kube isikhathi eside.

Ukungqubuzana kuqala nge izindiza Soviet phakathi neMpi YaseKorea wembula nobuthaka bayo. Wayengakwazi ukumelana fighters isikulufa ngenxa maneuverability ongaphakeme. Soviet Jets siphakeme kunabo bonke abanye F-80 e ijubane futhi ukwakhiwa kwezikhali. I onekusasa lobuchwepheshe umkhakha American uzoshesha bazithole phambili. Isibonelo okuphawuleka American indiza kwesimo endaweni CP-71 "Blackbird" ehambisanayo design Futuristic nge azifani.

Khona-ke waqala ukuthuthukiswa jet ekuhlaseleni kanye ezokuthutha izindiza. Ngokungafani izindiza ukukhanya, le mishini zafakwa hhayi kuphela turbojet izinjini. Ukusebenza okuhle kwafezwa turboprop futhi powerplant turbofan.

ukukhanya Modern US ukulwa izindiza

Bephumelele ibanga elide yentuthuko, North American zezindiza umkhakha siyaqhubeka anesikhundla ehola emhlabeni simo. The main umzamo nentuthuko sigxile ekwakheni walilwela sesihlanu. imizamo yesikhathi eside kwaholela ekusungulweni amabili onobuhle bezindiza, okuyinto komculo impumelelo eliphezulu kakhulu design imibono kanye amathuba zobuchwepheshe-United States.

Izibulo "isizukulwane lesihlanu" waba fighter-webhomu F-22 "Raptor" Corporation "Boeing". Okuningi umshini enemisebenzi obekumele ukukhulula emsamo ka fighter-webhomu F-35, ekhiqizwa inkampani "Lockheed Martin". Bobabili onobuhle ukukhiqiza yokusabela okuxubile phakathi ochwepheshe kanye ochwepheshe ezempi.

Kanye izinzuzo zimenyezelwe kabanzi kusobala ukuthi izinkinga ezingathi sína zobuchwepheshe nokusebenza. Ukuphakama phezu abaphikisana ezingase zibe elwa imishini boni. Ngokuhlanganyela intengo emangalisayo eliphezulu izingalo amayunithi enjalo kokuhlaziywa imishini sekubangele evamile yokuthi US izindiza wezempi akuzona yisibonelo esihle. Kanye ukugcwaliswa yemikhumbi nemishini yakamuva baqhubeka sesimanje ezindizeni yochungechunge ubudala, sithwele eziyisisekelo ukulwa umthwalo namanje.

ngezihluthu nasezakhamuzini izindiza US

Isikhundla ezindawo ka Melika okuyinto eye yavusa isithakazelo ezinkulu air travel. Okuhlangenwe nakho kwabangane izimpi zezwe kanye lendawo njalo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ukusetshenziswa ekuhlaseleni. I-USA Today has iviyo lemikhumbi yezempi umgibeli izindiza futhi ingenye abaholi umkhakha yabo. Umkhiqizi eyinhloko umgibeli izindiza kuyinto corporation, "Boeing" oveza cishe zonke izigaba ndiza commercial.

US izindiza zokuthutha impahla yempi kuboniswa kahle by imoto C-5 "Galaxy". ikhono wakhe technical yesibili kuphela esindayo ukushayela izindiza zokuthutha impahla Soviet noma isiRashiya. Ngaphezu Classic isakhiwo izifunda, izimoto hybrid, "Osprey" eziqhutshwa e-United States, ngokuhlanganisa emihle nemibi indiza enophephela emhlane.

US Air Force webhomu ubukeka kuhle eziyinqaba. Futuristic F-2, ezenziwa "flying iphiko" ukumisa nge anti-radar fuselage kanye enamathela ehlangana zakudala B-52, alwa ekuqaleni empini eVietnam.

amathemba

Isiqondiso eyinhloko ukuthuthukiswa zezindiza amaphrojekthi American uhlala ukwakha ngesivinini izici ukuthi izindiza ukulwa United States kanye nezimoto komsebenzi nezimoto ezithwala. intuthuko bakhangwa maqondana sihamba ngesivinini hypersonic ngenkathi kuzanywa ukusebenza rocket ubuchwepheshe. izimoto ezisetshenziswa umphakathi kulinganiswa ngesikhathi wezimpahla iyunithi ukulethwa izindleko per unit ibanga. Ngakho-ke, ucwaningo lobuchwepheshe eziyisisekelo okuhloswe ngazo okwandisa Inkokhelo nophethiloli kahle zokuhamba.